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"In this important text, Stephen Valocchi brings capitalism back into the study of the gay and lesbian movement. He argues that to understand the collective identity, structure, strategies, and goals of the movement, we need to understand the role that capitalism and the state have played. While capitalism and the state have figured centrally in earlier analyses of social movements, these important institutions and their social processes are no longer central concerns of the theory and research of social movements in the United States. Capitalism and Gay Identities examines how the class-based inequalities and changing class structures of capitalism interact with and indeed help shape the dynamics of other types of inequalities, such as gender, sexuality, race, and ethnicity. These inequalities and structures, in turn, shape the specific grievances of, and affect the nature of stigma levied against, individuals with sexual and gender nonconformity. Valocchi shows that capitalism is a dynamic system and as it changes, the nature of the movement and the collective identity created by the movement also changes. A vital text for undergraduate and postgraduate students of sociology, social movements, LGBTQ Politics and American Studies, Capitalism and Gay Identities challenges our understanding of many aspects of the gay and lesbian movement through using Capitalism. Particularly its ability to advance the cause of sexual freedom and gender justice"--

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- General Aspects -- On the Future of Economic Design-The Personal Ruminations of a Matching Theorist -- References -- Principles of Economic Design -- 1 Freedom of Choice -- 2 Ensuring that People Bear the Full Costs and Reap the Full Benefits of Their Actions -- 3 The Importance of Goodwill -- References -- The Future of Decision-Making -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Elections -- 3 Scheduling a Meeting -- 4 Online Participation -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Theoretical Unification, Domain Restrictions and Further Applications: Some Comments on Future Research in Economic Design -- References -- Design for Weakly Structured Environments -- References -- Game of Trons: Normatrons and Positrons Contribute to Economic Design -- Reverting to Simplicity in Social Choice -- References -- A Probabilistic Approach to Voting, Allocation, Matching, and Coalition Formation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Case for Probabilistic Social Choice -- 3 Research Challenges and Opportunities -- References -- Collective Choice Lotteries -- 1 Introduction -- References -- Aggregation and Voting -- Interactive Democracy: New Challenges for Social Choice Theory -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Challenges -- 2.1 Delegative Voting -- 2.2 Proportional Representation -- 2.3 New Forms of Aggregation -- 3 Conclusion -- References -- New Electoral Systems and Old Referendums -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Changing the Electoral System: Two Experiments -- 3 Referendums -- 3.1 The EU Referendum in UK, 2016 -- 3.2 How to Revisit Referendums? -- References -- Social Choice 2.0 and Customized Multiwinner Voting -- 1 A New Perspective -- 2 Single-Winner and Multiwinner Voting -- 3 Blurring the Picture: Custom-Made Voting Rules -- 4 The Problem: How to Choose Rules? -- References.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of global goals that meet some of the most pressing challenges facing our world today. Goal 10 concerns reducing global inequalities. Inequality is currently seen in the social, political, and economic structures of communities at both the national and international level. The United Nation's approach to sustainable development is to create a set of goals and targets try to minimize the accelerating gaps of inequality. The book presents new insights for evaluating the progress on SDGs (especially goal 10), it also boldly sets new economic, social and environmental targets for reducing inequality. Using case studies, this book encourages readers to view economic development through the lens of growing inequalities and disparities. Such inequalities are clearly becoming more obvious as the world is better connected, and information is quickly shared. The books main aim is therefore to direct the efforts of scholars, practitioners and policymakers to swiftly find the balance between the three pillars of sustainable development. The main challenges and focus of each chapter are different and collectively they give an integrated understanding of the phenomenon of sustainable development and its diverse aspects. This book will be useful for policymakers, social and environmental activists, agencies, educators and practitioners in the sphere of social or environmental economics. The methodology of the research can be replicated and taken forward by future researchers in the field.

As India strives to improve overall social and economic conditions and gender relations through policies such as the abolishment of dowry, increasing the legal age at marriage, and promoting educational opportunities for girls, serious challenges remain, especially in rural areas. Gender Equality and Inequality in Rural India focuses on the extent to which economic development has resulted in positive changes in women's empowerment and reproductive health, as well as in sex preference. Based on a study from a village in Maharashtra where impressive gains in economic development have occurred in recent decades, Carol Vlassoff examines the impact of son preference on fertility and rural women's economic empowerment and other aspects of reproductive behavior. She provides evidence of the added value of their employment beyond the traditional wage labor and domestic spheres, and argues that policies aimed at closing gender gaps in social inequalities must be complemented by policies fostering employment opportunities for women. While many studies have demonstrated the importance of social empowerment for improved reproductive health, this is the first to separate out the differential effects of social and economic factors. This work goes even further than economic arguments by demonstrating, on the basis of a robust statistical analysis, that women's education and their professional labor force participation contribute to better health and wellbeing of rural society, including through reductions in fertility, son preference, and infant and child mortality.

"This study aims to identify patterns of warfare in the southern French Iron Age through examination of the documentary, settlement, iconographic and osteological evidence for warfare in this region, each within its chronological context and in tandem with one another. The Iron Age of southern France remains relatively unknown in the English-speaking archaeological world. The best known aspects of the archaeological material suggest a society in which warfare was an overriding preoccupation. Major, fortified centres, such as Entremont and Saint-Blaise, and the tradition of 'warrior statues' like those from Entremont and Roquepertuse, suggest that conflict was a recurrent theme. Literary sources, such as Poseidonius have described the indigenous populations of this area as a volatile and warlike people who took the heads of their enemies from the battlefield and displayed or preserved them in their settlements. Finds of skulls, some with nails still embedded in the bone, appear to verify such reports. The pattern of warfare which emerges from this analysis is then discussed within some of the more prominent models of social-anthropological study. This case study offers a more nuanced and contextual interpretation of warfare in the southern French Iron Age and demonstrates how, if treated as a form of social interaction, rather than a breakdown in social norms, might be integrated into wider archaeological interpretations of social and political change"--Publisher's web site

Peacemaking includes a large array of activities from local to global attempts to attain peace. It includes consideration of international, interstate, and intertribal conflict resolution; communal, personal, and interpersonal social justice; deterrence of the use of nuclear weapons; design of international treaties that prevent war or other forms of international conflict; disarmament; international organizations that secure the order among nations; and even, from some points of view, war. As the 20th century drew to a close, we have witnessed peacemakers trying to end ethnic cleansing, reinstate justly elected political leaders, and reach compromises in the ideological differences that perpetuate age-old conflicts. We also see peacemaking in our schools, homes, and workplaces. Philosophers have long been interested in peacemaking in one form or another, and philosophical accounts of peacemaking reflect the variety of perspectives, methods, and activities developed in pursuing peacemaking. In some instances, philosophers expand upon the situations, activities, and methods of the peacemaker in the field. The essays in this volume propose some theoretical arguments for various aspects of peacemaking, offer nonmilitary alternatives to war, and discuss practical examples of peacemaking in daily life. The contributors analyze power relations, language, social groupings, and distribution of resources. At times, they draw insight from social and historical models of conflict and conflict-resolution. This collection of essays on peacemaking aims to enlighten contemporary social and political discussions and contribute to achieving the ever-challenging goal of peace

Self-organised user groups of social and health care services are playing an increasingly significant part within systems of local governance. Based on detailed empirical work looking at the user and 'official' perspective, this report includes studies of user groups and officials in two policy areas - mental health and disability. The authors examine both the strategies user groups adopt to seek their objectives, and explore conceptual issues relating to notions of consumerism and citizenship. Unequal partners thus contributes to our understanding of the role of user self-organisation in empowering people as consumers, and in enabling excluded people to become 'active' citizens. The authors discuss the way in which self-organisation may be supported without being controlled by officials in statutory agencies, highlighting the need to understand and distinguish between user self-organisation and user involvement. The report concludes that if policy makers are genuinely committed to greater user involvement in design, planning and delivery of services, then user self-organisation needs to be both encouraged and supported materially, without being 'captured' or incorporated into management. The research points to the significance of 'user groups' in challenging the exclusion of disabled citizens from all aspects of social, economic, political and cultural life. Unequal partners is essential reading for health and social care policy makers and practitioners, lobby and pressure groups, students and academics in health and social policy and local government studies, and users

Focusing on the master-slave relationship in Louisiana's antebellum sugarcane country, The Sugar Masters explores how a modern, capitalist mind-set among planters meshed with old-style paternalistic attitudes to create one of the South's most insidiously oppressive labor systems. As author Richard Follett vividly demonstrates, the agricultural paradise of Louisiana's thriving sugarcane fields came at an unconscionable cost to slaves. Thanks to technological and business innovations, sugar planters stood as models of capitalist entrepreneurship by midcentury. But above all, labor management was the secret to their impressive success. Follett explains how in exchange for increased productivity and efficiency they offered their slaves a range of incentives, such as greater autonomy, improved accommodations, and even financial remuneration. These material gains, however, were only short term. According to Follett, many of Louisiana's sugar elite presented their incentives with a "facade of paternal reciprocity" that seemingly bound the slaves' interests to the apparent goodwill of the masters, but in fact, the owners sought to control every aspect of the slaves's lives, from reproduction to discretionary income. Slaves responded to this display of paternalism by trying to enhance their rights under bondage, but the constant bargaining process invariably led to compromises on their part, and the grueling production pace never relented. The only respite from their masters' demands lay in fashioning their own society, including outlets for religion, leisure, and trade. Until recently, scholars have viewed planters as either paternalistic lords who eschewed marketplace values or as entrepreneurs driven to business success. Follett offers a new view of the sugar masters as embracing both the capitalist market and a social ideology based on hierarchy,

Taiwan's legalization of same-sex marriage in 2019 made it the first nation in Asia to grant marital rights to gay and lesbian couples. In the years leading up to legalization, the Marriage Equality Coalition Taiwan (pro-same-sex marriage) and the Coalition for the Happiness of Our Next Generation (anti-same-sex marriage) mobilized large-scale social movements on social media between 2016 and 2017 to influence the legislative process. The network structure and affordances of digital platforms have facilitated communication and mobilization for social movements. However, new technology alone does not guarantee participation, and cultural aspects of mobilization on digital platforms are an important area of study. This paper examines the framing strategies these two organizations used on Facebook pages and the political and cultural contexts that facilitated or constrained frame alignment. A mixed-method framing analysis combining quantitative and qualitative methods of their Facebook posts revealed that the supporting group framed same-sex marriage as an issue of human rights and as a democratic development linked to Taiwan's goal of national independence, whereas the opposing group framed it as a destruction of traditional culture concerning family values and social order. Our analysis identified the distinct features of framing strategy in Taiwan's marriage equality movement and countermovement, including the appeal to nationalism and the downplaying of religion, that were affected by Taiwan's specific political and cultural contexts.

Resumo: Este trabalho é um ensaio que, através de uma revisão da literatura, pretende contribuir para a discussão sobre altas habilidades e criatividade entre todos os personagens envolvidos na prática da educação. Seu objetivo é promover reflexões sobre as diferentes expressões da inteligência humana e sobre como ela pode ser abordada para a melhor condução do desenvolvimento individual e social. Propõe-se que compartilhar com a sociedade em geral as habilidades de cada indivíduo constitui-se em um exercício de cidadania e que inteligência pode ser compreendida como Patrimônio Social. Cabendo, então, à sociedade oferecer todos os recursos, a fim de que todos, com deficiência ou eficiência especial, possam desenvolvê-la plenamente, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento individual e coletivo.Palavras-chave: Funcionamento inteligente. Criatividade. Aspectos educacionais. Educação.Abstract: This work aims, through a literary review, contributes to a discussion about high abilities e creativity among all the characters involved in the educational practice. The main objective is to create reflections about the different expression of human intelligence, and how it could be approached for conduct in a better way the individual and social development. This essay proposes to share with society in general that the abilities of each individual could became an exercise of citizenship and intelligence can be understood as social patrimony. So, it is the society role to offer all the resources, so everyone, with special deficiency or efficiency, could develop individually and socially.Keywords: Intelligent functioning. Creativity. Educational aspects. Education.

This text discusses some results from research on the formation of agroecological networks and subjects in traditional rural communities in the Center-South and Campos Gerais regions of Paraná state. We begin from the discussion of agroecology as a field for social production of knowledge and practices, through which cooperation strategies, disputes, and tensions between different actors at local, regional, and national scales become evident. To do so, three dimensions that mobilize resources and expand capacities for a relative socio-environmental autonomy that theoretically could be driven by agroecological projects are discussed: organizational, epistemological, and technological. A wide variety of social strategies for appropriating, producing, and legitimizing agroecological discourses and practices that reveal territorialization strategies for multiple motives (local social organizations, universities, unions and cooperatives, municipal, state, and federal government) can be seen. Notable among the competing agroecological imagery is that which resembles an ethics of peasantry and traditional knowledge, often diverging from the official scientific and institutional hegemonic beliefs in some aspects with regard to the autonomy of the three dimensions mentioned above. On these terms, we question to what extent various agroecological practices and imagery can mobilize social and ecological capital when appropriated (adapted and hybridized) by local rural communities in order to produce subjectivities and autonomies based on an ethics of peasantry.elocation-id: e2230103Received: 08.24.2021 • Accepted: 02.04.2022 • Published: 02.23.2022Original article / Blind peer review / Open access

AbstractThe basis of a methodology determines whether a research method can fit the core characteristics of a particular academic tradition, and thus, it is crucial to explore this foundation. Keeping in mind the controversy and progress of the philosophy of social sciences, this paper aims to elaborate on four aspects including the cognitive model, the view of causality, research methods, and analysis techniques, and to establish a more solid methodological basis for historical political science. With respect to the "upstream knowledge" of methodology, both positivism and critical realism underestimate the tremendous difference between the natural world and the social world. This leads to inherent flaws in controlled comparison and causal mechanism analysis. Given the constructiveness of social categories and the complexity of historical circumstances, the cognitive model of constructivism makes it more suitable for researchers to engage in macro-political and social analysis. From the perspective of constructivism, the causality in "storytelling," i.e., the traditional narrative analysis, is placed as the basis of the regularity theory of causality in this paper, thus forming the historical–causal narrative. The historical–causal narrative focuses on how a research object is shaped and self-shaped in the ontological historical process, and thus ideally suits the disciplinary characteristics of historical political science. Researchers can complete theoretical dialogues, test hypotheses, and further explore the law of causality in logic and evidence, thereby achieving the purpose of "learning from history" in historical political science.

"Can I help it that in all things God gives witness to himself?" This quote of Titus Brandsma shows his concept of God. This article reflects on the way in which Blessed Titus Brandsma gave witness to God from three perspectives: his mystical theology, his social engagement, and his way of the cross. Brandsma defines mysticism as a particular unification of God and man, whereby the latter becomes conscious of God's presence and, on his part, also unifies himself with God. His writings highlight three key aspects of mysticism that are closely related: mysticism is two-sided, nearby, and embodied. Titus Brandsma was primarily active in the fields of education and journalism. He analysed the contemporary social and political situation and was very critical of national socialism, especially because its basic values were in conflict with the Christian value of love. He regarded the spiritual crisis as more fundamental than the social and economic crises. He offered a new concept of God, which was founded on God's presence in the core of everybody, as a reply to individualism and social exclusion. Finally, this article gives some examples showing the way in which Brandsma gave witness of God during the final months of his life. Brandsma was imprisoned because of his effort for the resistance of the Catholic press against national socialism. Testimonies show that Brandsma could experience God's presence nearby. This helped him remain strong spiritually.

Historical and social science literature has a long tradition of interest in the Nordic model and its permutations and developments. This chapter will make two straightforward and related claims. First, that ideas about the Nordic model circulated in British political circles in the period 1997 to 2010 in the field of healthcare, and second, that this Nordic model was a departure from the 'traditional' social democratic conception of Norden, instead of relying heavily on New Public Management ideas. It will substantiate this claim using a policy diffusion model to analyse think-tank reports, political speeches, and articles from the popular and business press. I will claim that a dual process of policy learning was taking place in the 2000s with a group of broadly social democratic think tanks and media figures engaging with Nordic countries on the one hand and a group of free-market think tanks, journalists and the Conservative Party looking to Central European examples, especially Germany, on the other hand. Labour's use of the Nordic model should, therefore, be seen as a means to defend taxation-funded healthcare against policymakers arguing for the adoption of a social insurance system. What Labour policymakers created was, in historical terms, a distinctive and quite British conception of the Nordic model which emphasised marketising and privatising aspects of Nordic reform trajectories that were consistent with Labour's policy platform for the NHS. ; book is gold OA so final version of chapter is ok to use

The Covid-19 pandemic is an event that spreads the corona virus disease 2019 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) throughout the world. In response to this pandemic, the government has implemented various policies to limit the movement of people to suppress the spread of the Covid-19 virus in Indonesia. One aspect that has changed, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, is the way humans survive because of the many closures by trading offline. This impact was also felt by women who were members of the Fatayat NU (Nahdlatul Ulama) Ciledug organization. Fatayat NU is an Islamic women's organization which is one of the autonomous institutions within NU, which is religious, social and familial. The concept of Fatayat NU activities can be classified into three, namely in the field of regeneration and education, the field of da'wah or Islamic development, and the field of social society. One of these activities is closely related to government programs through the empowerment of MSMEs. The problems faced by Fatayat NU Ciledug, relating to the empowerment of MSMEs are: (1) Lack of knowledge to use social media in terms of publishing business; and (2) Lack of skills in using and processing graphic design applications to create flyers in order to promote their business. The solutions offered to solve these problems are through this community service activity, namely providing online training/workshops by utilizing social media to members of Fatayat NU Ciledug.