Suchergebnisse

This report summarises stakeholder discussion at the 12th annual Social Inclusion Forum, on the theme of "Growing an Inclusive Recovery". Similar the EU Convention for Inclusive Growth, the forum brought together policy makers and civil society to discuss what can be done to ensure all citizens reap the benefits of truly inclusive growth.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo general identificar la corriente que hegemonizó los estudios de movilidad social desde sus inicios, las implicancias políticas de la misma (en relación con la idea de igualdad), y a la par presentar una alternativa para no desechar la idea de movilidad social, pero insertarla en el estudio complejo, relacional y combinado de los procesos de estructuración de clase. De manera particular, buscamos dar cuenta cómo ambas propuestas tienen efectos diferenciales a la hora de explicar los procesos de igualdad-desigualdad en las sociedades latinoamericanas contemporáneas. Se presenta una síntesis de la postura estructural funcionalista sobre la movilidad social, poniéndola en relación con las inferencias (interpretativas y políticas), que se pueden hacer a partir de la misma y luego una propuesta alternativa para pensar la movilidad social en el ámbito de los procesos de estructuración de clases en los cuales las políticas sociales tienen un rol fundamental, al promover diferentes gradientes de distribución del ingreso, entre otros elementos, con efectos regresivos o redistribuidos sobre la desigualdad de clase. Las trayectorias de clase aparecen como el concepto que conjugarían dichos procesos, dentro de una mirada relacional de las clases sociales. ; he main objective of this article is to identify the hegemonic perspective on social mobility studies, the political assumptions of this, and present an alternative. This alternative would allow us to use the social mobility concept but regarding the study of the social class structuring processes. Particularly, we try to show how both alternatives have different explanations for social inequality on Latin American societies. A synthesis of the functionalist vision is presented, in association with the interpretative and political inferences that emerge from it. Then, an alternative proposal that allows us to consider social mobility in the field of class structuring processes, in which social policies have a key role by promoting different gradients of income distribution, with regressive or redistributed effects on class inequality. Class paths appear as the concept that joins these processes within a relational view of social classes.

This article seeks to presents the progress in theoretical legal articulation of social rights. It underlines certain guiding ideas about them, sets out some of the most deeply rooted presuppositions and comes to valid conclusions in the field of legality and legitimacy. In the intersection between them there is a double hypothesis under which the text is examined. On one hand, a theory of fundamental rights can integrate social rights; in this sense there are no weighty theoretical reasons that justify a configuration, interpretation and protection differentiating them from other rights, with which in fact they share theoretical and structural elements. On the other hand, given certain conditions, social rights are a reasonable and just response to give a new ground to the social basis of democratic citizenship. ; Este artículo pretende dar cuenta de los avances en la articulación teórico-jurídica de los derechos sociales. Se trata de un recorrido que exige subrayar ciertas ideas guía sobre los mismos, evidenciar algunos de los presupuestos más profundamente arraigados y alcanzar conclusiones válidas tanto en el terreno de la legalidad cuanto en el de la legitimidad. En la intersección entre ambos se sitúa una doble hipótesis que somete a examen el texto. De un lado, es posible una teoría de los derechos fundamentales que integre los derechos sociales; no existen, en este sentido, razones dogmáticas o teóricas de peso que justifiquen su configuración, interpretación y protección diferenciada respecto de otros derechos, con los que, antes bien, comparten elementos teóricos y estructurales. De otro, los derechos sociales constituyen, dadas ciertas condiciones, una respuesta razonable y justa para una refundación de las bases sociales de la ciudadanía democrática.

1. Introduction / Richard Scase and Robert Goffee -- 2. The development of small firms, the traditional family and Agrarian patterns in Italy / Julia Bamford -- 3. Trends in small business start-up in West Germany / Heinz Klandt -- 4. Small business and social mobility in France / Nonna Mayer -- 5. Patterns of business proprietorship among women in Britain / Robert Goffee and Richard Scase -- 6. Ethnic entrepreneurs in Britain and Europe / Robin Ward -- 7. Ethnic enterprise in the Netherlands : the Surinamese of Amsterdam / Jeremy Boissevain and Hanneke Grotenberg -- 8. Entrepreneurship in a corporatist state : the case of Sweden / Bengt Johannisson -- 9. Independent economic activity under state socialism : is there a Petite Bourgeoisie in Eastern Europe? / Howard H. Davis -- 10. The social analysis of small business : some emerging themes / James Curran and Roger Burrows.

This piece is intended to show how with a commitment to continuous professional development, changing trends and practices in a profession can be reflected in the work of an individual practitioner, and in turn the study of individual careers can provide a wider understanding of the way change has been interpreted and implemented. A single career will see many structural changes of direction and emphasis, and if a practitioner is staying abreast of the twists and turns in policy, these should be reflected in their practice. This can become even more apparent when an individual, with promotion, moves through positions with differing levels of responsibility, and therefore engages with policy change from different perspectives. The article highlights a number of good practices encountered in promoting better services for mental health service users, and how an individual can be an agent for improving the implementation of policy.

ALLBUScompact ist als alternative Einsteigerversion (Public Use File)
für die komplexer strukturierte Vollversion im Angebot. Speziell für
ALLBUScompact wurde dementsprechend ein vereinfachtes Demografiemodul
selektiert, das die wichtigsten demografischen Indikatoren in einer
übersichtlichen Gruppe vereint. Die sonstigen inhaltlichen Fragemodule,
die keine sensitiven Daten enthalten, entsprechen weiterhin vollständig
der ALLBUS Vollversion (Scientific Use File). ALLBUScompact eignet sich
daher vor allem für Einsteiger in die Datenanalyse. Eine vollständige
Beschreibung der inhaltlichen Fragemodule finden Sie unter
Studiennummer 4502 (ALLBUS 2006).

Contrary to what is usually implied by work on the relationship between political opportunity structures and social movements, political institutions are not a general setting offering or denying formal access and political opportunities to every challenge, but rather favor certain types of movements and constrain others. This process of institutional selectivity depends on the relationship between the structure of a given political institution and the movement type and defines social movements as pro-institutional, counter-institutional, or neutral. Accordingly, variation in the movements' action repertoire and degree of success can be observed. Yet, political institutions leave the door open to different interpretations by social actors so that a framing struggle takes place; at stake is the fit between movement demands and the structure of political institutions. The argument is developed through the example of federalism and its impact on two types of movements—namely, regionalist and squatters' movements—and illustrated by discussing their fate in France, the Netherlands and Switzerland. Empirical data suggest that institutional selectivity is to be taken into account to reach a better understanding of the relationship between social movements and their political context.

Social psychological research has taught us a lot about why people protest. This article provides a theoretical and empirical overview. Discussed are grievances, efficacy, identification, emotions and social embeddedness, followed by the most recent approaches, which combine these concepts into dual pathway models. Finally, two future directions are discussed: (1) to shed light on the paradox of persistent participation, and (2) to clarify how perceptions of sociopolitical context affects protest participation.

Summary This study aimed to employ a social survey method to define the social, familial, and economic stresses experienced by a sample of 135 Saudi social workers who work with people with disabilities. It also aimed to understand the impact of these stresses on the degree of burnout these workers experienced in the following three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Findings We found that the degree of social, familial, and economic stress among social workers was moderate, whereas the degree of depersonalization was high; emotional exhaustion was medium; and personal accomplishment was low. We found a medium proportional correlation between the total stress experienced by a social worker and the emotional exhaustion they were likely to experience, which had a weak inverse correlation with personal accomplishment. Social workers' total stress predicted their burnout to be 18.7% in terms of emotional exhaustion, 19.6% for depersonalization, and 7.5% for personal accomplishment. These predicted values also differed with regards to each focus. There was no correlation between workers' burnout and the quantitative demographic variations. Applications The social and familial stresses encountered by social workers working with disabled individuals should be considered in order to map the causes of their suffering and, ultimately, to establish ways of alleviating the severity of the burnout they experience. Finally, there was evidence to support the idea that a review of their monthly salaries might serve as a solution to burnout.