Suchergebnisse

The biggest risk comes from "fixing" Social Security by cutting benefits and privatizing a basically sound program.

Islam, Gender, and Social ChangeEdited by Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad and John L. Esposito- Oxford University Press, 1998

'A very useful introduction to the techniques of social accounting' Bankers' Magazine.'Remarkable feat of compression and expositionit will surely remain for a long time the best summary of macro-accounting techniques' Accounting Research. This volume covers developments both in the scope and content of official economic statistics of national income and expenditure and in their use for short-term and long-term economic planning

Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Praise for Toxin and Bioregulator Weapons -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 The Purpose and Structure of the Book -- 1.2 Scope of Agents and Activities Covered -- 1.2.1 Toxins -- 1.2.2 Bioregulators -- 1.2.3 Other Chemicals of Biological Origin -- 1.3 Coverage of Toxins and Bioregulators Under International Arms Control and Disarmament Instruments -- 1.4 Dual-Use Research and the Difficulties with Establishing Intent -- 1.5 Methodology -- Chapter 2: Dual-Use Chemical and Life Science Research of Potential Concern -- 2.1 What Is Happening in the Life Sciences? -- 2.2 A Game Changer for Toxin Weapons Development? -- 2.3 Toxicology as Part of the Biotechnology Revolution -- 2.4 Example 1: Botulinum Toxins -- 2.5 Example 2: Staphylococcal Enterotoxins -- 2.6 Example 3: Bioregulators -- 2.7 Advances in Neuroimmunology -- 2.8 The Impact of Long COVID -- 2.9 Conclusions -- Chapter 3: The China Case Study -- 3.1 Historical Toxin Weapon Development -- 3.2 Contemporary Dual-Use Toxin Research -- 3.3 China Brain Project -- 3.4 Central Nervous System-Acting Weapons -- 3.5 Research and Development of Riot Control Agent Delivery Mechanisms -- 3.6 CWC Article X Declarations and the BTWC Confidence-Building Measures -- 3.7 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 4: The India Case Study -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Research and Development of Riot Control Agent Means of Delivery -- 4.3 Malodorants -- 4.4 Incapacitating Chemical Agents/CNS-Acting Chemical Agents -- 4.5 Contemporary Dual-Use Toxin Research Into "Novel Bio-Threat Agents" -- 4.6 CWC Article X Declarations and the BTWC Confidence-Building Measures -- 4.7 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 5: The Iran Case Study -- 5.1 Changing Perceptions of Alleged Iranian Biological and Toxin Weapon Programmes.

Current dilemmas of governance in advanced industrial Western nations can be analyzed within the common framework of the thesis of the withering of the modern welfare state. It is argued that the policy sciences have a legacy of problem-oriented & value-conscious scholarship, bestowed by Harold D. Lasswell & others, that can & should be taken up in the analysis of the comprehensive problems of governance confronting advanced industrial nations. The requirement that the policy sciences go significantly beyond a managerial perspective & take up the timely but challenging task of linking problem-orientation to contextuality is considered. 28 References. Modified HA.

"We develop a model of informal risk-sharing in social networks, where relationships between individuals can be used as social collateral to enforce insurance payments. We characterize incentive compatible risk-sharing arrangements and obtain two results. (1) The degree of informal insurance is governed by the expansiveness of the network, measured by the number of connections that groups of agents have with the rest of the community, relative to group size. Two-dimensional networks, where people have connections in multiple directions, are sufficiently expansive to allow very good risk-sharing. We show that social networks in Peruvian villages satisfy this dimensionality property; thus, our model can explain Townsend's (1994) puzzling observation that village communities often exhibit close to full insurance. (2) In second-best arrangements, agents organize in endogenous "risk-sharing islands" in the network, where shocks are shared fully within, but imperfectly across islands. As a result, network based risk-sharing is local: socially closer agents insure each other more"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site

Defining reality and the mechanisms by which people perceive it is a difficult and challenging task in this age of post-truth, where everything is relative, interpretable, and dynamic, without generally accepted norms. However, there is a close relationship between the human and the social environment. This binomial is a construction that integrates the human mind, body, spirit and environment. The continuous interaction between the human and the social environment creates the reality that manifests itself as a continuous process of coding and decoding. But, the way we interpret a situation determines the consequences of our actions and even the way things can evolve, so starting from the wrong premises, from a wrong interpretation of a situation, people behave accordingly. Therefore, in this material starting from the way the representation of the individual is formed about the environment, society, world from the perspective of neuroscience, social psychology, cognitive sociology, the main aspects of how to construct reality will be reviewed.

The collapse of social partnership after the crisis forced Irish and Portuguese trade unions to position themselves as "either social movements or a (increasingly ostracised) state apparatus" (Moore and Engelhardt, in this volume). The cycles of union protest and acquiescence in Ireland and Portugal during the last decade, however, also allow less Manichean conclusions. This chapter therefore makes a case for a different use of typologies. The "social movement vs state apparatus" typology should be used as a heuristic tool to understand the tension between contention and interest intermediation that are present in all unions: and not as a classification devise to put different unions into distinct boxes. Furthermore, the more vertical governance structures of the EU's new economic governance regime transcend national boundaries, the more one must move beyond a Weberian or Gramscian focus on the nation state. Accordingly, the chapter suggests a new research agenda that aims to go beyond the methodological nationalism that is still dominating much of industrial relations and political economy research. ; 18 month embargo - AC

This article explores the enmeshment of sovereignty, riots, and social contestation. Riots have continually marked out the thresholds allowed for exceptions to be declared. As such, they have been the sovereign entity par excellence that produces the moments of politics that need to be domesticated. Interestingly, expressions of sovereignty have always presented themselves in contexts of riots and social contestation. These issues will be explored ethnographically in relation to riots in Mozambique. The relationship between excess and domestication is explored through an analysis of two indices of sovereignty: riots and their close associates "mobs" as excess; and processes of domestication. The first index grapples with t he excesses of riots and mobs, and encompasses, I suggest, all the elements of sovereignty: exception, in- and exclusion, and excess. The second index explores the enmeshment of sovereignty and social contestation from the perspective of domestication, particularly the diff erent forms for control and violence that come into play when the quest for making life and creating order is at stake.

State statutes authorizing firms to pursue mixtures of profitable and socially beneficial goals have proliferated in the past five years. In this invited response essay, I argue that for one large class of charitable goals, the so-called "social enterprise" firm is often privately wasteful. Although the hybrid form is a bit more sensible for firms that combine profit with simple, easily monitored social benefits, existing laws fail to protect stake-holders against opportunistic conversion of the firm to pure profit-seeking. Given these failings, I suggest that social enterprise's legislative popularity can best be traced to a race to the bottom among states competing to siphon away federal tax dollars for local businesses. Not all hybrid forms inevitably are failures, however. For example, the convertible debt instruments proposed by Dana Brakman Reiser and Steven Dean— the inspiration for this response—offer a promising route forward for "cold glow" firms wishing to clean up some easily-measured but harmful business practices.