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Long ignored by scholars in the humanities, sound has just begun to take its place as an important object of study in the last few years. Since the late 19th century, there has been a paradigmatic shift in auditory cultures and practices in European societies. This change was brought about by modern phenomena such as urbanization, industrialization and mechanization, the rise of modern sciences, and of course the emergence of new sound recording and transmission media. This book contributes to our understanding of modern European history through the lens of sound by examining diverse subjects such as performed and recorded music, auditory technologies like the telephone and stethoscope, and the ambient noise of the city.

"This volume focuses on the interconnections between the Cold War, technological innovation and globalization. Although the consequences of globalization have received ample attention in both academia and the public discourse, only limited attention has so far been given to the factors that instigated various waves of this process. This holds particularly true for the period following World War II, during which a struggle between the two global blocs fanned not only technological innovations but also their transfer. This volume is dedicated to examining the links between the Cold War and this phase in the history of globalization, a phase that gradually made the world-despite high levels of international tension-more and more inter-related. More specifically, it anchors a very contemporary phenomenon to its historical context and pinpoints how the varied and multi-layered East-West interactions helped to induce and foster the globalization processes. Emphasizing technology and its cross-bloc flows, as well as several levels of actors, including states, private companies, and individuals, this volume reflects an important shift towards "transnationalism" which has occurred in the historiography in the recent years. This book will be of interest to students of Cold War Studies, science and technology studies, and International Relations"--

Preface -- List of illustrations -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- Utopia come true? -- Rising life expectancy -- The rise and fall of disease -- The epidemiologic transition theory -- The McKeown debate and the Preston-curve -- The role of human agency -- &;How to read this book -- Concepts, sources, data and methods -- PART I. LONG-TERM TRENDS: A BIRD'S EYE VIEW -- Chapter 2. Long-term trends in population health -- Changes in over-all population health -- Declining mortality -- Young and old, men and women -- Regional and social inequalities -- Rising height -- More years in good health, more years in bad health? -- Changes in disease patterns -- Shifting causes of death -- Shifts in the burden of disease -- Diseases rise, diseases fall -- Epidemiologic transition 2.0 -- A theory in need of repair -- How: characterizing change -- When: staging change -- Where: locating change -- Chapter 3. Understanding trends in population health -- Theories of population health -- An 'ecological-evolutionary theory' of the origins of disease -- Explaining long-term change -- Economic, political and sociocultural conditions -- Economic history: improvements in living standards -- Political history: the rise of the modern state -- Sociocultural history: the lights go on -- Public health and medical care -- A short history of public health -- The impact of public health -- A short history of medical care -- The Role of Medicine -- PART II. ZOOMING IN: THE RISE AND FALL OF DISEASES -- Chapter 4. Health problems of pre-industrial societies -- Violence and hunger -- War -- Homicide -- Famine -- Great epidemics -- Plague -- Smallpox -- Typhus -- Malaria -- Chapter 5. Health problems of industrializing societies -- Communicable diseases -- Cholera, dysentery, typhoid -- Tuberculosis -- Syphilis -- Scarlet fever, measles, whooping cough, diphtheria -- Pneumonia, influenza -- Maternal, infant and perinatal mortality -- Maternal mortality -- Infant mortality -- Still-births -- Other health problems of industrializing societies -- Pellagra, rickets, goitre -- Peptic ulcer, appendicitis -- Lung diseases caused by occupational and environmental exposures -- Chapter 6. Health problems of affluent societies -- Chronic diseases -- Ischaemic heart disease -- Cerebrovascular disease -- Diabetes mellitus -- Stomach, colorectal, breast, prostate cancer -- Lung cancer -- Liver cirrhosis -- Dementia -- Depression -- Injuries -- Road traffic injuries -- Suicide -- A new plague -- AIDS -- PART III: SYNTHESIS AND OUTLOOK -- Chapter 7. Why? -- Why did European population health improve? -- The rise and fall of disease -- The role of human agency -- The role of public health and medical care -- The Rise of the West: was there a 'prime mover'? -- Why did some countries rush ahead or lag behind? -- Northern lights: the Swedish advantage -- Dutch comfort: we were the champions -- Southern miracles: from rear-guard to forefront -- Balkan troubles: the weight of the past -- Russian roulette: the value of life -- Chapter 8. Outlook -- Feathers of Icarus -- Geopolitical instability -- Increasing inequality -- Global environmental change -- The way ahead -- The public health paradigm -- An expanding circle of concern -- Re-thinking Utopia -- By way of conclusion -- Through the telescope of history -- The European experience -- The role of politics -- The future -- Appendices -- Bibliography -- Index.

How does social work keep its balance between the requirements of its clients and its role as agency of state and society? In the historical analyses from various countries international experts show, how social work has succeeded in keeping those conflicting demands at bay. The contributions look at the historical situations in Finland, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Poland, the Republic of Ireland, Russia, the former Soviet Union, Switzerland, and former Yugoslavia.

Call for Applications of the Masaryk Institute and Archives in Prague. Deadline: March 10, 2024

CONTEXTS -- Locating the Early Modern Child / Anna French -- The Early Modern Family / Katie Barclay -- The Household / Tara Hamling -- BEGINNINGS -- Conception, Pregnancy and Birth Daphna / Oren-Magidor -- Infancy / Anna French -- Schools and Education / Alan Ross -- IDENTITIES -- Protestants / Alec Ryrie -- Catholics / Lucy Underwood -- Gender Min Ji Kang -- ADVERSITY -- Crime and Disorder / Paul Griffiths -- Illness and Death / Adriana Benzaquén -- Illegitimacy Katie Barclay -- REPRESENTATIONS -- Drama / Katie Knowles -- Children's Clothing / Maria Hayward -- Portraiture / Jane Eade.