Suchergebnisse

В статье рассматривается актуальная на сегодняшний момент проблема содержания ограничений и запретов по использованию заемного труда. Автором обобщен опыт правового регулирования отношений по заемному труду актами Международной организации труда, исследована практика зарубежных стран. В целях повышения уровня социальной защищенности заемных работников внесены предложения по совершенствованию законодательства РФ. В заключении приводится разработанная автором классификация ограничений и запретов по использованию заемного труда. Отдельным аспектам темы статьи посвящены работы не только отечественных юристов-ученых, но и зарубежных авторов (в частности, Schiek D. Agency Work - from Marginalization towards Acceptance? Agency work in EU Social and Employment Policy and the «implementation» of the draft Directive on Agency work into German law // German law Journal. 2004. Vol. 5. No 10). Сформулированные в статье положения могут быть использованы в целях дальнейшего изучения проблем правового регулирования отношений, возникающих в сфере применения заемного труда, а также могут быть использованы при разработке конкретных мер, направленных на совершенствование законодательства в области заемного труда. ; The article deals with the relevant for today problem of setting various limitations and prohibitions of using contract and agency labor. The author generalizes and sums up the regulative aspects of such labor relations set by the normative acts of the International labor organization, studies the practice of foreign states. With the goal of increasing the level of social protection of contract employees, the author offers proposals on perfecting the current legislation of RF. In conclusion the author offers his own classification of the limitations and prohibitions on using contract and agency labor. Several works of not only domestic legal scholars, but foreign authors as well have been dedicated to separate aspects of the article's topic (e.g. Schiek D. Agency Work from Marginalization towards Acceptance? Agency work in EU Social and Employment Policy and the «implementation» of the draft Directive on Agency work into German law // German law Journal. 2004. Vol. 5. No 10). The author's views, outlined in the article, may be used for further studies of legal regulation of relations, arising out of contract-agency labor use, and may also be used during development of specific means aimed at perfecting the legislation in this sphere.

Die Masterarbeit unter dem Titel "1 + 1 = 2 ? Mehrfachdiskriminierung(en) in Österreich. Darstellung der rechtlichen und gesellschaftspolitischen Situation" setzt sich kritisch mit Diskriminierungen im Allgemeinen und Mehrfachdiskriminierungen bzw. intersektionellen Diskriminierungen im Speziellen auseinander. Da dieses Thema sowohl von großer rechtlicher Relevanz als auch gesellschaftspolitisch stark geprägt ist, werden im Rahmen der Arbeit zunächst grundlegende Gesetzestexte und Rechtsdokumente auf internationaler, europäischer und nationaler Ebene dargestellt. Der Fokus liegt hierbei auf den österreichischen rechtlichen Antidiskriminierungsgrundlagen und den Lücken die diese aufweisen. Im Anschluss daran wird, ausgehend vom Konzept der Intersektionalität, die Bedeutung des Zusammenwirkens einzelner Diskriminierungsmerkmale herausgearbeitet. Anhand der Diskriminierungsmerkmale Religion und Weltanschauung, Alter und sexuelle Orientierung wird analysiert, inwieweit eine diesbezügliche Erweiterung des Diskriminierungsschutzes gesellschaftlich gefestigte Wertestrukturen und hegemoniale Konzepte gefährdet bzw. herausfordert. Verschiedene Fallbeispiele machen darüber hinaus deutlich, wie unumgänglich bewusste gesellschaftliche und auch politische Diskussionen über Veränderungen der rechtlichen Lage, aber vor allem auch der gesellschaftlichen Denkweisen, im Hinblick auf Diskriminierungen jeglicher Art sind. ; The Master Thesis "1 + 1 = 2 ? Multiple discrimination in Austria from a legal and social policy point of view" focuses on the aspects of discrimination, especially on multiple respectively intersectional discrimination. In most of the cases an intertwining of motives for discrimination can be observed, although the relevant attributes often cant be identified as such. By analyzing international human rights treaties, as well as the European and national anti-discrimination law, the Master Thesis describes the legal situation concerning discrimination in Austria, as well as some missing aspects to guarantee a better legal protection of individuals. Furthermore, the Master Thesis highlights some arguments which are crucial in the discussion about upgrading the anti-discrimination law in Austria using examples of the three essential attributes religion, age and sexual orientation. Pulling all of these attributes together with significant concepts of social structures and values, for example; heteronormativity, provides a more detailed view of possible obstacles in the discussion of the legal base. Last but not least, some case studies are quoted to emphasize how multiple and intersectional discrimination takes place in our society. Findings generally support the hypotheses that the debate regarding multiple and intersectional discrimination must be enforced within the social and political context in order to improve the legal base against discrimination. ; vorgelegt von Alina Samonig ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Graz, Univ., Masterarb., 2014 ; (VLID)243080

Современные аспекты формирования качества жизни предполагают анализ различных сфер жизни индивидуума. Такой подход позволяет выделить ключевые факторы, соответственно, сосредоточить внимание на их исследовании. Особое значение в формировании качества жизни современного человека играет качество его трудовой жизни. Качество трудовой жизни (КТЖ) рассматривается как результат такого уровня социально-трудовых отношений между работником и работодателем, при котором достигается удовлетворение потребностей работника и достижение целей организации. Очевидно, что такая трактовка требует изучения вопроса о роли современных институтов в гармонизации социальнотрудовых отношений. В связи с этим исследование государственного регулирования развития КТЖ является актуальным. Автор исследует трансформацию роли государства в современных концепциях и теориях развития экономических систем и общественного сектора. Научная новизна исследования заключается в постановке и решении важной теоретической проблемы систематизации подходов к государственному регулированию развития КТЖ. В работе представлена классификация методов регулирования КТЖ со стороны государства. Представлена характеристика действующей нормативно-правовой базы, где используется категория КТЖ. Автором обоснована необходимость правовой оценки и закрепления понятия в законодательной базе РФ. ; Modern aspects of life quality management involve research in various aspects of the individual's life. This approach allows detecting major factors and concentrates on their studying. The quality of working life is crucial for the modern person's life quality. Quality of working life (QWL) is viewed as the result of labour relations between the employee and the employer, balanced in such a way as to allow the employee satisfy their needs and the organization to reach its goals. Therefore, there arises the issue of modern social institutions' role in social and labour relations' harmonization and government control over QWL. The author studies the transformation of the state's role in modern concepts and theories of economic systems and social sector. The study presents scientific novelty as it puts forth and solves an important theoretical problem in systematization of government regulation in QWL improvement. The paper presents a classification of methods for government control over the quality of working life and a survey of current regulatory framework in QWL. The author gives the grounds for its legal estimate and introducing the concept into the legislation of the Russian Federation.

This thesis examines the reception of Sophocles' Antigone in Ireland from 1984 to 2004, in the light of the social and political developments that took place in the country during that period. Chapter 1 examines the textual elements of translation, as well as the different ways in which the mythic element of the tragedy and the characterisation are 'translated' in different versions. Chapters 2-4 explore particular dimensions of contextual significance: politics, religion, gender. Each chapter first offers a brief discussion of the relevant Irish circumstances, comparing and contrasting them with the socio-political context of Sophocles' Athens. Then, it examines the extent, the degree and the different ways in which the translations reflect and engage with aspects of the writers' contemporary reality. Chapter 5, finally, deals with the scenic representation of the plays as a different and complementary aspect of translation, looking at the degree and the ways in which the different stagings reflect the Sophoclean play, the translations in question and the larger social and political contexts of adaptation. Antigone proves to be a remarkably flexible medium for the expression of strikingly different social and political agendas over time. Overall the thesis finds that, while the writers of the earlier versions reflect through the Sophoclean tragedy the turbulent Irish society of the early 1980s, the writers of the turn of the millennium, living in a globalised era, and with a more settled Ireland, locate the reworking of the myth within a more international outlook. It argues however that the reworkings of Antigone produced in 1984 by Aidan Mathews, Tom Paulin and Brendan Kennelly - despite the significant differences between them - are more adventurous treatments of the original play than the ones produced later, between 1999 and 2004, by Declan Donnellan, Conall Morrison and Seamus Heaney. The thesis concludes that the new readings of the Antigone myth in Ireland after 2004 suggest that the potential of Sophocles' tragedy within its Irish context is not exhausted yet.

Background: Health and social services provided at home are becoming increasingly important. Hence, there is a need for information on home care in Europe. The objective of this literature review was to respond to this need, by systematically describing what has been reported on home care in Europe in the scientific literature over the past decade. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed for papers on home care published in English, using the following data bases: Cinahl, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, Social Services Abstracts, and Social Care Online. Studies were only included if they complied with the definition of home care, were published between January 1998 and October 2009, and dealt with at least one of the 31 specified countries. Clinical interventions, instrument developments, local projects and reviews were excluded. The data extracted included: the characteristics of the study and aspects of home care 'policy & regulation', 'financing', 'organisation & service delivery', and 'clients & informal carers'. Results: Seventy-four out of 5,133 potentially relevant studies met the inclusion criteria, providing information on 18 countries. Many focused on the characteristics of home care recipients and on the organisation of home care. Geographical inequalities, market forces, quality and integration of services were also among the issues frequently discussed. Conclusions: It can be concluded that home care systems appeared to differ not just between but also within countries. The papers included, however, provided only a limited picture of home care. Many studies only focused on one aspect of the home care system and international comparative studies were rare. Furthermore, little information emerged on home care financing and on home care in general in Eastern Europe. This review clearly shows the need for more scientific publications on home care, especially papers comparing countries. A comprehensive and more complete insight into the state of home care in Europe requires gathering of information using a uniform framework and methodology. ; This is an open access journal and the full article is available: 10.1186/1472-6963-11-207

La educación constituye un ámbito esencial en el diseño estratégico de las decisiones económicas, políticas, sociales y culturales de la Unión Europea. Desde la aprobación del Tratado de París en 1951 hasta día de hoy, la política educativa europea ha promovido y afianzado un cúmulo de programas extensibles a distintos niveles y contextos geográficos. Uno de los más relevantes en la actualidad tiene que ver con la adaptación/armonización de las estructuras universitarias en un marco común denominado Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES). Tras casi seis décadas de progresos y avances educativos, es necesario examinar la forma en que estas actuaciones han sido planteadas e implementadas desde las instancias políticas. Para abordar esta cuestión se propone desarrollar un análisis retrospectivo que describa los aspectos más representativos de las decisiones y acuerdos aprobados en materia educativa, advirtiendo la importancia o condicionamiento que ha tenido el contexto sociológico de la Unión Europea. La intención con ello es conformar una visión interdependiente entre el pasado y el presente político, que contribuya a entender mejor los avatares y directrices generales hacia las que se encauza el modelo educativo europeo del Siglo XXI. ; Education constitutes an essential aspect of the economical, political, social and cultural strategies adopted in the European Union. From the Treaty of Paris in 1951 to today, educational policy in Europe has been promoted and consolidated through a combination of programs in different levels and contexts. One of the most important areas at this moment is the result of the European Higher Education Area, which is defined as a process to harmonize European higher education. After almost six decades of educational progress, it is necessary to reflect on how the educational policy has been defined and implemented by the politicians in Europe. A retrospective analysis is described which presents relevant aspects of political decisions in the educational field which have an impact on the social context in the European Union. The aim is to set up an interdependent vision between the past and the present to contribute towards understanding the problems and general directions of the educational model in Europe for the 21st Century. ; peerReviewed

The paper starts with a brief discussion of two aspects of convergence hypothesis. The first one (theoretical) refers to standard growth theory, the second is of normative character and pertains to axiological aspects of socio-economic policy, also including the EU cohesion policy. Not aiming to provide any comprehensive evaluation of that policy from the viewpoint of its actual effect on elimination of differences in social and economic development among the European regions, the paper provides selected reflections concentrated on:• an attempt of formulating a viable interpretation of cohesion policy (CP) as a form of 'regulated capitalism'; the attempt in question refers to the normative approach towards public regulation in a market economy but defines the general rationality and fundamental objective of cohesion policy in terms of setting activities directed towards provision of the public goods that stimulate and facilitate exchange of goods and services among regions, thus contributing to the dynamization and endogenization of growth in poor or less developed regions;• the need of growth endogenization as the main objective (and main condition) of effective implementation of cohesion policy, provided that the definition of such endogenization is broader than that employed in the new growth theory. In particular, not rejecting the new growth theory definition of endogenous growth, the author pays special attention to the necessity of maximizing the regional value added through raising the level of processing broadly understood region-specific economic, social and others factors and resources;• correlations between the effects of distribution and growth within the scope of cohesion policy. It is analyzed from the perspective of three important questions: (1) Are the aims of social cohesion and growth competitive, or mutually complementary and reinforcing? (2) Why the hypothesis of regional convergence fails to explain the EU perspective, despite two decades of ongoing efforts of implementing active cohesion policy and regional policy? (3) Whether, and to what degree, the elimination of differences in the level of regional development is a legitimate strategy in the light of the controversy 'equality vs. effectiveness'.

This book was published by the Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC) at Loughborough University. ; Engineers are increasingly being involved in social issues. These notes are designed to assist the managers and trainers of engineers in raising awareness of some of the issues with their staff. They are written in the form of training notes in 38 Units, together with 7 Checklists for use in meetings. It accompanies the book (also available from WEDC) Infrastructure for All which has been produced to help engineers, technicians and project managers ensure that the facilities they design and build are beneficial to all members of society. Using many examples, especially examples related to water and sanitation, Infrastructure for All demonstrates that 'one size does not fit all'. It shows how women, men and children frequently have different needs and different priorities because they use infrastructure in different ways. It explains how the community that will use the infrastructure is generally structured by inequalities of various kinds. The engineer may intend that the facility should serve the needs of all; but if there is no analysis of social issues then this intention is not likely to be realized. Infrastructure for All seeks to make gender analysis intelligible to engineers working at the project level; to enable them to co-operate with social scientists, and to increase their awareness of the need to work with women and men in the user community. The book emphasizes the practical ways in which taking account of gender relations will improve the design, implementation and use of infrastructure. With this in mind, it is focused on what civil engineers actually need to know to improve their projects, to give the 'civil' aspects of their work equal weight with the 'engineering' aspects. This book, together with Infrastructure for All, will be of great interest to all engineers, technicians and project managers concerned with infrastructure development in low- and middle-income countries. This book is one of the outputs from a Knowledge and Research project funded by the Department for International Development (DFID) of the British Government.

This article is devoted to the concept of "woman" in world culture. The study examines the icons of the female image in different cultures of the peoples of the world. In a world where there is no science, the biological characteristics of a woman, many aspects of the relationship between men and women remain in the dark, behind a screen of shyness. However, as the scientific way of thinking spreads in a culture, untimely constraints decrease. From this point of view, the topic of this study is still relevant for cultural consideration. It also addresses the issue of female semiosis in world culture.

В статье рассматривается важнейшая сторона взаимодействия людей в обществе конфликт, в данном случае политический. Автор акцентирует внимание на идеологическом компоненте, который играет организующую и мобилизующую роль в поведении и действии противоборствующих субъектов. Идеологическое мотивирование политического конфликта является фактом, подтвержденным развитием общества. ; The article considers the most important aspect of human interaction in the society -a conflict, in this case -a political one. The author focuses on the ideological component that plays a mobilizing and organizing role in the behaviour and actions of opposing actors. Ideological motivation of the political conflict is a fact confirmed by the development of the society.

Cet article est consacré au débat sur l'autorité politique au cours du mouvement constitutionnaliste iranien (1906-1911). Il analyse l'argumentation pro-constitutionnaliste de Thiqat al-Islām-i Tabrīzī (m. 1330/1911) - l'un des principaux théoriciens du mouvement à Tabriz ainsi que le chef spirituel de la communauté shaykhie tabrizi - qui fut pendu par les forces russes lors de leur entrée dans la ville en décembre 1911. Le recours à des arguments historiques pour justifier la nécessité de la consultation (mashvirat) et la fondation d'un parlement (majlis) constitue sans doute l'un des aspects les plus originaux de l'exposé de Thiqat al-Islām-i Tabrīzī.

Cet article est consacré au débat sur l'autorité politique au cours du mouvement constitutionnaliste iranien (1906-1911). Il analyse l'argumentation pro-constitutionnaliste de Thiqat al-Islām-i Tabrīzī (m. 1330/1911) - l'un des principaux théoriciens du mouvement à Tabriz ainsi que le chef spirituel de la communauté shaykhie tabrizi - qui fut pendu par les forces russes lors de leur entrée dans la ville en décembre 1911. Le recours à des arguments historiques pour justifier la nécessité de la consultation (mashvirat) et la fondation d'un parlement (majlis) constitue sans doute l'un des aspects les plus originaux de l'exposé de Thiqat al-Islām-i Tabrīzī.

Cet article est consacré au débat sur l'autorité politique au cours du mouvement constitutionnaliste iranien (1906-1911). Il analyse l'argumentation pro-constitutionnaliste de Thiqat al-Islām-i Tabrīzī (m. 1330/1911) - l'un des principaux théoriciens du mouvement à Tabriz ainsi que le chef spirituel de la communauté shaykhie tabrizi - qui fut pendu par les forces russes lors de leur entrée dans la ville en décembre 1911. Le recours à des arguments historiques pour justifier la nécessité de la consultation (mashvirat) et la fondation d'un parlement (majlis) constitue sans doute l'un des aspects les plus originaux de l'exposé de Thiqat al-Islām-i Tabrīzī.

Cet article est consacré au débat sur l'autorité politique au cours du mouvement constitutionnaliste iranien (1906-1911). Il analyse l'argumentation pro-constitutionnaliste de Thiqat al-Islām-i Tabrīzī (m. 1330/1911) - l'un des principaux théoriciens du mouvement à Tabriz ainsi que le chef spirituel de la communauté shaykhie tabrizi - qui fut pendu par les forces russes lors de leur entrée dans la ville en décembre 1911. Le recours à des arguments historiques pour justifier la nécessité de la consultation (mashvirat) et la fondation d'un parlement (majlis) constitue sans doute l'un des aspects les plus originaux de l'exposé de Thiqat al-Islām-i Tabrīzī.

The aim of this study is to examine the development process of education management in Turkey in the context of the teaching profession. The word meaning of education is the development of a person's physical and mental abilities, learning social rules and adapting to society. Education is the process of adults purposefully and consciously transferring the current culture to the younger generations. According to the social scientist Durkheim, education is an action that adults apply to younger generations who are not ready for social life. The fact that the field of education is very wide has prepared the environment for the definitions to be very diverse. When looking at these definitions, it is usually seen that two approaches get there by taking into account the similarities. The first of these approaches is the sociological approach and the other is the psychological approach. According to the sociological approach, education is the adaptation of an individual to society through the transfer of culture and experiences of adults to young people and children. According to the psychological approach, education is the maximum development of each individual's abilities. The purpose of this development should be to ensure that the individual is successful in later life. Teaching as a profession is a profession that has a very important function and responsibility if it is evaluated from social, economic, social and political aspects at all levels of the population. Since education is interactive with many areas, the qualities and values of teachers, who are one of the most important stakeholders of education, will also indirectly and directly affect developments in other areas. If the study in question is evaluated from this point of view, it is possible to mention teaching among professions that are professional, require expertise, have qualifications, qualifications, from special professions. Dec. As in many professions, there is an obligation to pass through the formal education method in terms of teaching and to have a qualified diploma. For this reason, teaching has started to gain a professional status that requires expertise, professional competence and faculty diploma and professionalism in its field. Approaching teaching with a different perspective, such as its functions, importance, duties and position in society, causes the resulting concepts to differ. Key Words: Education System, Education Management, Teaching Profession