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Over the past few decades, the number of flexible workers has increased, a situation that has captured researchers' attention. Traditionally, temporary workers were portrayed as being disadvantaged compared to permanent workers. But in the new era, temporary workers cannot be treated as a homogeneous group. This study distinguishes between four types of temporaries based on their contract preference and employability level. Furthermore, it compares them with a permanent group. Whether these groups differ on job insecurity and health-related outcomes in a sample of 383 Spanish employees was tested. Differences in well-being and life satisfaction were found, and the hypotheses were supported. The results point out that the temporary workforce is diverse. Therefore, in order to attain a better understanding of the experiences and situations of these workers, it is preferable not to consider them as one homogeneous group.

This article investigates the impact of military service on the socioeconomic status of African American and white, non-Hispanic women veterans of the post-1973 U.S. allvolunteer force. Earnings and family income are used as measures of socioeconomic status. Data from the 1990 Public Use Microdata Sample L were used in this analysis. This data set is a .45 percent sample drawn from the 1990 Census. Using semilogarithmic regression, we found that, overall, African American women veterans did not differ significantly from their non-serving counterparts, controlling for several factors associ ated with socioeconomic status. White, non-Hispanic women veterans, however, suffered an earnings and family income penalty relative to similar non-serving women. The data suggest that this veteran disadvantage may be due to the interaction of military service. child-bearing patterns, and educational attainment.

This article investigates the impact of military service on the socioeconomic status of African American and white, non-Hispanic women veterans of the post-1973 U.S. allvolunteer force. Earnings and family income are used as measures of socioeconomic status. Data from the 1990 Public Use Microdata Sample L were used in this analysis. This data set is a .45 percent sample drawn from the 1990 Census. Using semilogarithmic regression, we found that, overall, African American women veterans did not differ significantly from their non-serving counterparts, controlling for several factors associ ated with socioeconomic status. White, non-Hispanic women veterans, however, suffered an earnings and family income penalty relative to similar non-serving women. The data suggest that this veteran disadvantage may be due to the interaction of military service. child-bearing patterns, and educational attainment.

Despite growing ecological concerns and the rise of schools such as ecocriticism and ecofeminism, literary critics who call for an increased ecological awareness in literature and a greater appreciation for the genre of nature writing fail to take into account the rich vein to be found in Chicano literature, where nature and la tierra are central themes. One well-known example is the work of Rudolfo Anaya, whose initial trilogy won critical acclaim in part because of the mythic forces of his landscapes. However, his more recent Alburquerque Quartet, in which the latter three novels constitute a detective series, has failed to attract critical attention. This article illustrates how Anaya subverts the dominant cultural ethos in this quartet by hybridizing literary genres and proposing an alternative worldview, one in which nature is given a central role.

Species conservation via the Endangered Species Act is highly politicized, yet few data have been gathered to illustrate the relationship of political party affiliation to species conservation perspectives. We conducted a nationwide public opinion survey and found that Democrats value species conservation more highly than do Republicans, and that Democrats are also more strongly supportive of the Endangered Species Act. Republicans place higher value on property rights than do Democrats, but members of both parties value economic growth as highly as wildlife conservation. The results imply that the Democratic propensity to value species conservation reflects a biocentric perspective that does not bode well for practical conservation efforts. Species conservation will depend upon the success of academicians and progressive political leaders in educating students and members of all parties about the fundamental conflict between economic growth and wildlife conservation.

Perceived risk is a crucial factor in the social dilemmas surrounding the risks and hazards of the environment. This paper reviews behavioral research on perceived risk of the public and experts, giving special attention to nuclear waste risk. Experts and the public frequently have very different views of risk, and three cases are distinguished and explanations for the differences between experts and the public are outlined. Theories and models of perceived risk are then discussed. Most theories have been found to have only low or modest explanatory power with regard to level of perceived risk, and even less when it comes to risk acceptability. It is pointed out that risk perception is probably less cognitive than has previously been believed, and that such factors as attitudes and moral values play a crucial role.

The effects of mortality salience on personally-relevant persuasive appeals were investigated by exposing subjects to strong or weak arguments about a personally-relevant issue by an expert or nonexpert source following a mortality salience or control induction, and then measuring subjects'
attitudes about that issue. A significant mortality salience X argument source X strength of arguments interaction was found. In control conditions, subjects were more persuaded by strong than weak arguments when the source of the persuasive appeal was a nonexpert, but not when the source
was an expert. Conversely, when mortality was made salient, subjects were more persuaded by strong than weak arguments when the source of the appeal was an expert, but not when the source was a nonexpert. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, and directions
for future research are considered.

This article examines three models—moral economy, rational choice, and class structure—that have been applied to rebellions and revolutionary movements in Southeast Asia. All three are found lacking in various ways and unable to provide convincing explanations for the growth and continuing strength of the contemporary revolutionary movement in the Philippines. The Aquino government is challenged by a movement that has a mass base of roughly ten million and fields a fighting force of twenty thousand to twenty-five thousand men and women. It is active in virtually every province and city of the nation. Based on the present case study, suggestions are made both for ways in which the insights of extant theories can be synthesized and ways in which these theories must be revised if they are to be made more generally applicable to today's revolutions.

Data are presented on the entitlement status of nearly 30,000 homeless persons who have received care through the national Health Care for the Homeless program in 16 project cities. Overall, about half of all clients are enrolled in at least one benefit program; program participation is slightly higher among homeless women than among homeless men and increases sharply with age. City-to-city variation in theproportion ofparticipat ing clients is found to be determined primarily by state-level differences in the leniency of eligibility criteria; in contrast, the effects of direct project efforts are modest. The "entitle ment problem "faced by the urban homeless is not that they fail to participate in programs for which they are otherwise eligible, but rather that in many states they are not eligible to participate in many programs, regardless of their rather obvious needs.

Recently the World Bank, aid donors, and others have shown greater interest in improving the income prospects of small farmers in LDC's. This interest springs in part from the fact that small farmers are at the bottom of the income ladder in many poor countries (though landless rural workers may be even worse off). Proposals to raise small farmer incomes have run the gamut from "wide‐spread" land reform to urban migration. Credit reallocation towards small and away from large farms has also been consistently advocated and has received renewed impetus due to the perceived failure of other alternative measures. Effective land reform has been found difficult to achieve short of full scale political revolution while enthusiasm for nonagricultural solutions has been tempered, at least until recently, by disappointing growth of high income employment opportunities in urban sectors.

Mood and substance use disorders (SUDs) are mental conditions that are highly prevalent in the general population. Cooccurrence of major depression and SUD, also known as dual depression, is very common in the field of substance addiction. Sex differences are found in both major depression and SUD. This review, after presenting the state of the art of dual depression as regards prevalence, ethiopathologic mechanisms, and clinical aspects, is focused on dual depression in women. An overview of some potential factors associated with the sex gap in dual depression such as injecting, sexual risk behavior, intimate partner violence, and the reproductive cycle is presented. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme 2014-2020 under Grant Agreement No 634143 (MedBioinformatics) and ISCIIIRed de Trastornos Adictivos-RTA-FEDER (RD12/0028/0009 and RD16/0017/0010).

Gandhi (1869–1948) is known primarily as the leader who led the national movement for the freedom of India from British rule; he also has an important place in social theory. "The only nonofficial figure," says Louis Fischer, "comparable to Gandhi in his effect on man's mind is Karl Marx." His Collected Works, including his speeches, writings, and letters, have appeared in thirty volumes with some forty more scheduled for publication. The more important of his writings from the point of view of social theory are found in two weekly journals which he edited, Young India (1919–32) and Harijan (1933–48); his social and political ideas can also be gleaned from Hind Swaraj (1908) or Indian Home Rule, The Story of My Experiments With Truth (2 vols. 1927, 1929), Delhi Diary (1948), and Satyagraha in South Africa (1950).

Frontmatter -- ISABEL KARREMANN: Figures of Pathos: In Honor of Elisabeth Bronfen -- MIEKE BAL: Em- or Sym- or Con-: Feeling with Others -- ANDREAS MAERCKER: Rührung. Ein Blick auf die Welt der kleinen Affekte -- ISABEL CAPELOA GIL: Theory in a Post-Theoretical World: Beyoncé and the Afterlife of Over Her Dead Body -- RICHARD DIENST: Somewhere between Spiegelgasse and Plattenstrasse: Crossmapping as Practice and Pedagogy -- MURIEL GERSTNER: Eine Frage des Blicks -- MLADEN DOLAR: The Star, the Well, the Woman -- ALESSANDRA VIOLI: Tele-pathos -- FABIENNE LIPTAY: Nach(t)leben. Bilderwanderung im Geleit der Sterne -- SUSANNE LANWERD: Flora, Gradiva & -- Co. Miszellen zu Figuren des Pathos -- JOHANNES BINOTTO: Verrückungen. Zum wackelnden Bild als Denkfigur -- PHILIP URSPRUNG: "Explosive Mischungen". Ensamble Studio und das Pathos der Architektur -- SLAVOJ ŽIŽEK: Inventing Anna, Inventing Madeleine -- GRISELDA POLLOCK: "With all her radiance, she was surrounded by a darknessthat perplexed me": The Luminosity of Marilyn Monroe -- GARRETT STEWART: Over His Dead Body: Logos, Ethos, and Pathos in Streisand's A Star Is Born -- SANDRO ZANETTI: Silencio -- BARBARA STRAUMANN: Princess Diana's Figurations of Pathosin Pablo Larraín's Spencer -- BARBARA VINKEN: Beyond Civitavecchia:A New Covenant of Love and Art? Tosca -- KLAUS MÜLLER-WILLE: Nur über seine Leiche. Melodrama und Märchen in Selma LagerlöfsKejsarn av Portugallien (1914) -- SABINE SCHÜLTING: "This great world / Shall so wear out to naught": Pathos in Emily St. John Mandel's Station Eleven -- CHRISTINE LÖTSCHER: Pathos in der Assemblage. Postpandemische Shakespeare-Lektüren in der TV-Serie Station Eleven -- CHRISTINA WALD: Matchmaking and the Infrastructure of Romance: The One or What You Will?.