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PurposeThe recent proliferation of social media platforms has witnessed a growth in social commerce by using social media to facilitate interactivity between customers and vendors. While emergent studies on social commerce are growing, their focus tends to be on millennials and cross-age groups. Given the growth of digital natives in shaping the online shopping experience of the future, we deemed an application to Generation Z necessary and overdue.Design/methodology/approachWe draw on the existing literature and develop a framework to understand social commerce dynamics for digital natives. We employ PLS and CB-SEM to test our proposed model.FindingsOur findings demonstrate the importance of social commerce information sharing activities in facilitating social support, a sense of warmth and belongingness, and online trust for Generation Z platform users. We also investigate the roles of online trust and perceived risk on intention to purchase and find support for both relationships. Finally, we discuss the findings in terms of theoretical and managerial contributions and conclude the study with limitations and future research directions.Originality/valueThis research is unique by using social commerce theory to explore Gen Z platform users. The finding will contribute to information system literature by expanding the social commerce research stream.

AbstractFew studies have answered how different stakeholders' responses to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practice, including creditors, investors, and media, influence the relationship between ESG practice and high‐quality job‐seekers, which is reflected in corporate human capital inflow. Therefore, we analyze the nexus above theoretically from the perspective of stakeholder theory and examine empirically whether corporate ESG practice can promote corporate human capital inflow, drawing on 8924 firm‐year observations of Chinese‐listed companies during 2011–2020. The findings demonstrate that ESG practice stimulates corporate human capital inflow, which is enhanced when economic policy uncertainty, debt costs, equity costs, or the proportion of female directors is high, whereas weakened when the negative media coverage is high. Further research finds that an underlying mechanism, via corporate visibility, ESG practice can prompt corporate human capital inflow and that the elevating role is more significant in non‐state‐owned or non‐manufacturing enterprises than in state‐owned or manufacturing. Overall, our findings provide a new standpoint to comprehend the interaction of different stakeholder's responses to ESG practice, which enables scholars and managers to understand ESG practice and its effects better.

Studies of meaningful work have proposed that work that holds personal significance and meaning can transcend pay. But how can workers who do not want, or cannot afford, to sacrifice pay for meaning commercialise their work to realise its market worth? We explore this question in the context of social media influencers who participated in the InfluencerPayGap community (an Instagram profile established in 2020 to expose pay disparities in the influencer industry). Combining concepts of worth from the meaningful work literature with a sociological theory of valuation, we identify three enrichment narratives engaged with by influencers to circumvent expectations of performing free labour. Besides illuminating how influencers construct and connect the personal worth of their work with its market worth, we show how these narratives of authenticity, relationality and quantification involve a 'double loop of enrichment'. Consisting in the interplay between influencers' own sense of the worth of their work and feedback from their followers and the algorithms of social media platforms, this loop can reinforce and transform but also undermine influencers' perceptions of the worth and meaning of their work. Our findings contribute to a greater understanding of meaningful work and the valuation of work in non-traditional work contexts.

The emergence of new media channels goes hand in hand with the advent of new content formats and their subsequent rise in popularity. The digital era brings forth numerous new formats, with short video content currently emerging as the winner in terms of interaction, popularity, and return on investment (ROI) for content creators. This analysis examines a combination of psychological, lifestyle, and practical factors to explain why online users find this type of content so appealing and why the number of content creators joining this trend is increasing in the coming years. Social media with short video formats is studied from the perspectives of attachment theory and the socio-technical approach, which are useful in revealing the psychological motivators for online users actively seeking this type of content. Scientific literature about subjective feelings of engagement provides guidance on the fragmented workday and the usefulness of short-format content to fill small breaks in a busy day. From a practical standpoint, considering recent statistics on mobile usage, short-format content, especially vertical video, is faster, easier, and cheaper to create. At the same time, it is highly appealing, easy to distribute, and convenient to consume on smartphones without rotating the screen.

Mass inflows of immigrants are believed to create moral panic which impacts attitudes and votes. However, few scholars systematically explore the discursive construction of migration as a crisis in relation to actual migration flows. When and how does migration become a crisis? To answer this question, we draw on mixed methods harnessing automated text analysis, linear regression, as well as qualitative analysis, to analyze "migration crisis" discourses in a corpus extracted from French newspapers between 2008 and 2020. We locate the emergence of "migration crisis" discourses in the summer of 2015, absent massive inflows of migrants or refugees in France contrary to other European countries. We show that conservative newspapers overwhelmingly contribute to framing the crisis as one of "migration or migrant" rather than one of asylum or refugees despite the humanitarian nature of inflows. Furthermore, conservative newspapers do not only mention the migration crisis more than liberal ones, but they also create a sense of slow-burning or creeping migration crisis, as an undercurrent in media topics. Our fine-grained analysis of the case of the migration crisis in the French media offers theoretical and methodological inputs for an empirically grounded and constructivist theory of political crises.

Amendments to the law, as a manifestation of legal politics designed to promote public contentment is inevitable. The theory of law stipulates the significance of developments that are deemed highly necessary. Problems arose when the government of Indonesia's agenda to amend Law Number 40 of 1999 concerning the press raised concerns about the threat of oppression in the media. This study aims to determine the urgency of amending the Press Law to realize press freedom in Indonesia. This study used a qualitative method through literature studies and interviews with practitioners. The results of this study showed that Law Number 40 of 1999 concerning the Press is a legitimate tool for press freedom at this time. It can be stated that the substance of Law No. 40 of 1999 regarding the Press is still relatively accommodating democracy in terms of ensuring freedom of opinion as human rights. However, the dominance of the media company as the capital owner will limit press freedom, necessitating a structure that can finally separate the company from the press product. In the end, the success of Law Number 40 of 1999 pertaining to the Press must be evaluated based on institutions, enforcement, and the legal culture of the society.

This paper explores the issues of vaccine hesitancy and shaming which arose in response to the implementation of World Health Organization COVID-19 recommendations, on the social media platform of TikTok. By extending Appraisal theory to include the use of visual attitudinal appraisals, the study examines how TikTok users employ the semiotic resources at their disposal within the overarching context of the pandemic. A total of 254 videos expressing pro- and anti-vaccination viewpoints, predominantly posted by American and Australian users, between 1 January 2021 and 31 January 2022, were extracted from the social media application and subjected to a computer-assisted multimodal appraisal analysis. It is shown how speakers from both groups primarily aim to elicit a strong emotional response from like-minded users, promoting polarisation. The findings further reveal an ideological clash between the objective structure of governmental healthcare protocols and the subjective orientation of the anti-vaccination group's habitus. Since the pro-vaccination group's own subjectivities hinder the effective sharing of information on COVID-19 via TikTok, the paper recommends the use of non-judgemental language and gestures in videos targeting a vaccine-hesitant audience.

The Vytis (Coat of Arms of Lithuania) is a national symbol of Lithuania that typically functions within an official state frame. This paper examines how the use and functions of the Vytis had changed from the year 2013 to 2019. While presenting an analysis of the new forms of Vytis expression, a question arises: how does the intensified and atypical use of the symbol correlate with the temperature of nationalism in our society? The research, which is based on discourse theory and includes visual and textual information found in media, social media, and other non-academic platforms, allows distinguishing four new directions of the symbol's expression: (1) commercialization, (2) transformation into a political tool, (3) transfer to everyday culture, and (4) individual practices as well as creative practices. This paper concludes that the changing use of Vytis shows elements of both cooling and heating nationalisms. We face a cooling nationalism when the symbol becomes a part of a routine that we no longer reflect. We can also detect attributes of heating nationalism in our society. They are triggered by a sense of internal or external threats and are inseparable from the temperature of our public space.

There is a growing concern about discriminatory behaviours on social media in recent years. However, there is a dearth of literature focused on the abuse of foreigners on South African Twitter. This paper interrogates the views of the online community on South African Twitter on the appointment of children of immigrants to political office. A case study of the hashtag #WeRejectMayorOfJHB was carried out. The scapegoating theory guided this study. The hashtag started on social media following the election of Jolidee Matongo, mayor of the City of Johannesburg, on the 10th of August 2021. Within the hashtag, the researcher used confirming and disconfirming sampling to sample 30 tweets. The sample of tweets was drawn from a population of 120 tweets on South African Twitter within 24 hours preceding the election of Jolidee Matongo as the new mayor of Johannesburg. Critical discourse analysis was used. The findings revealed that there were multiple dissonances in the construction of South African citizenship in general and Jolidee Matongo's citizenship. The views on South African citizenship under the hashtag were at odds with the Constitution and the laws of South Africa. Racial and afrophobic perspectives emerged from the analysis.

Authorities in the People's Republic of China communicate with citizens using an estimated 600,000 Sina Weibo microblogs. This study reports on a study of Chinese citizens' adoption of microblogs to interact with the government. Adoption results from trust and peer pressure in smaller-network ties (densely knit, pervasive social networks surrounding individual citizens). Larger-network ties (trust in institutions at large, such as the Chinese Communist Party, executive organizations, the judicial system, the media, etc.) are not associated with the adoption of microblogging. Furthermore, higher levels of anxiety are correlated with lower levels of use intention, and this finding underlines the impact of the Chinese authority's surveillance and control activities on the lives of individual Chinese citizens. Based on these findings, we outline a theory of why citizens use microblogs to interact with the government and suggest avenues for further research into microblogs, state–citizen communication patterns and technology adoption. Points for practitioners: Our research identifies trust in individual civil servants, citizens' anxiety and peer pressure as drivers of Chinese citizens' intentions to use the Weibo microblogging platform to interact with the Chinese government. This insight allows practitioners to better understand citizens' drivers and obstacles in the use of social media in state–citizen relations in China.

This research aims to find out the reasons that prompted Bhutan to open diplomatic relations with Israel in 2020. This study was written using a qualitative approach, through library research techniques such as books, official state documents, news and other mass media. This study uses the theory of national interest to determine the goals and interests of Bhutan. In this study, two reasons were found that pushed Bhutan to open diplomatic relations with Israel in 2020, namely the existence of Bhutan's national interests in the economic and military security fields.Keywords : Diplomatic Relations, Economic Interest, Military Security, National Interest AbstrakRiset ini bertujuan untuk mengetauhi alasan yang mendorong Bhutan dalam melakukan pembukaan hubungan diplomatic dengan Israel tahun 2020. Penelitian ini ditulis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang diperoleh melalui studi pustaka seperti buku, dokumen resmi negara, berita dan media massa lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kepentingan nasional yang bersifat materiil. Penelitian ini menemukan dua alasan yang mendorong mendorong Bhutan dalam melakukan pembukaan hubungan diplomatik dengan Israel tahun 2020 yaitu adanya kepentingan nasional negara Bhutan dalam bidang ekonomi dan keamanan militer.Kata kunci : Hubungan Diplomatik, Kepentingan Ekonomi, Kepentingan Militer, Keamanan Nasional

Building on the theoretical lens of Critical Discourse Analysis and Conceptual Metaphor Theory, this paper examines the rhetorical responses to the COVID-19 pandemic of two right-wing populist leaders whose management of the emergency has been viewed as controversial, namely former American President Donald J. Trump and UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson. Through the critical examination of a dataset of speeches, press conferences and social media posts, and focusing on the discursive strategies employed in framing the pandemic, attributing responsibility, people-building, and policy-making, our study reveals that through different trajectories, the two leaders attempted to exploit the emergency to perform a "crisis within the crisis" in the typical populist style to serve their political interests, based on Moffitt's (2015) framework. In his trademark style, Trump used the pandemic as a stage to call out and blame multiple enemies both at home (the Congress, the media) and abroad (China). On the other hand, Johnson, who, unlike Trump, did not lend an ear to conspiratorial thinking but still initially minimised the extent of the danger, framed the pandemic as the fight of a nation "walking alone" in a nationalist sense.

The purpose of this paper is to explain how the relationship between foreign policies based on the 'Blame Game' could affect the social conditions of society, especially in terms of discrimination against people of Asian descent. The act of accusing each other by Western countries against China over who should actually be responsible for the Covid-19 pandemic has made international political conditions more tense and heated. China's defensive foreign policy strategy turned out to be aggressive and even creates a distortion of information regarding the truth of the origins of the pandemic. So the result is a Blame Game that is destructive, uncooperative, and actually makes problems unresolved where to deal with a global pandemic requires collective action. This is also leads to the increase of discrimination acts towards Asian community. This paper uses an explanatory-qualitative method, with data collection techniques through literature study. Constructivism theory and the concept of Political Racism are used as an analytical tool to explain how the relationship between the research variable. As the result, political elites create identities through the blaming game on various media platforms especially social media, which impacts on the creation of xenophobic perceptions towards the Asian community.

The COVID-19 pandemic tempted some governments to promise to wage "war" against it and implement "world-beating" control mechanisms. In view of their limited success, such claims soon came in for massive criticism, which turned their hyperbolic implicatures and figurative framing against them. Our paper focuses on such cases of "metaphor reversal" within the context of the British public debate. Drawing on examples from a corpus of media texts, we identify several types of the dissociation, including irony (i.e., putting the figurative claims' implicatures in doubt implicitly), sarcasm (i.e., explicitly decrying their plausibility) and satire (i.e., exhibiting their presumed absurdity), with reference to theory models of irony (echo, pretense, mental space structuring). In conclusion, we argue that the seesaw of exchanges between exaggerated figurative claims of (imminent) success made by government politicians and their sarcastic-satirical debunking by media and opposition politicians has an ambivalent effect on public discourse. On the one hand, it highlights contrasts in policy and policy assessment and may also have entertainment value, but on the other hand, it conveys experiences of repeated, serial exposure of hyperbolic government rhetoric. This in turn may lead to an erosion of trust in official communication as being unrealistic, which may foster beliefs in conspiracy theories.

One of many social media phenomena, especially on Instagram, is the rising number of accounts with pseudonymous identity, commonly known as Fake Instagram (Finstagram). A private account appears with a fake username and photo display and small number of followers, with the purpose of being unidentified. The phenomenon starts from the social media standards Instagram trends to social judgements, resulting in users feeling uncomfortable when sharing aside from the implicit standards and trends which are currently happening. From that perspective, this research aims to see whether an influence is present in pseudonymous identity usage on Instagram on self-disclosure. Data of this research is gathered from 100 respondents through questionnaire using a purposive sampling technique. The result of questionnaire is later researched using a quantitative research method. With the use of simple regression analysis, it is known that pseudonymous identity usage on Instagram (variable X) and self-disclosure (variable Y) have a strong correlations and a significant influence on one another. Based on self-disclosure theory, the result shows that pseudonymous identity usage on Instagram (also known as Finstagram) contributed 43,6% to self-disclosure, whereas the remaining 56,4% is contributed by other factors than pseudonymous identity usage on Instagram.