Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Dank -- Inhaltsverzeichnis -- Abkürzungsverzeichnis -- Abbildungsverzeichnis -- Tabellenverzeichnis -- 1 Einleitung -- 1.1 Die Lernherausforderung: Weltgesellschaft -- 1.2 Eine konzeptionelle Verortung -- 1.2.1 Globales Lernen -- 1.2.2 Politische Bildung -- 1.2.3 Begegnungsreisen -- 1.3 Eine theoretische Verortung -- 1.3.1 Erziehungswissenschaftliche Globalisierungsforschung -- 1.3.2 Empirische Jugendforschung -- 1.3.3 Internationale und interkulturelle Austauschforschung -- 1.4 Das Erkenntnisinteresse -- 1.5 Aufbau der Arbeit -- 1.6 Methodischer Zugang -- 1.7 Qualitativ-rekonstruktive Sozialforschung -- 1.8 Methodologische Vorannahmen: Praxeologische Wissenssoziologie -- 1.9 Das Sample -- 1.9.1 Auswahl der Länder -- 1.9.2 Auswahl der Gruppen -- 1.9.3 Darstellung der Gruppen -- 1.9.3.1 Gruppen aus Bolivien -- 1.9.3.2 Gruppen aus Deutschland -- 1.9.3.3 Gruppen aus Ruanda -- 1.10 Forschung im Nord-Süd-Kontext -- 1.10.1 Zum Umgang mit Sprache -- 1.10.2 Zum Umgang mit fremdkulturellen Daten -- 1.10.3 Zum Umgang mit sprachlicher und kultureller Hybridität -- 1.11 Datenerhebung: Das Gruppendiskussionsverfahren -- 1.12 Datenauswertung: Die dokumentarische Methode -- 1.12.1 Thematischer Verlauf und Transkription -- 1.12.2 Formulierende Interpretation -- 1.12.3 Reflektierende Interpretation und komparative Analyse -- 1.12.4 Typenbildung -- 1.13 Zusammenfassung -- 2 Darstellung der empirischen Ergebnisse -- 2.1 Mehrdimensionale Basistypik der Differenz -- 2.1.1 Dimension 1: Lokalisierung von Differenzen -- 2.1.2 Modus 1: Orientierung am persönlichen Nahraum -- 2.1.2.1 Modus 2: Orientierung an Gemeinschaft -- 2.1.2.2 Modus 3: Orientierung an Gesellschaft -- 2.1.2.3 Zusammenfassung -- 2.1.3 Dimension 2: Verallgemeinernde Ordnung von Differenzen -- 2.1.3.1 Modus 1: Hierarchisierung -- 2.1.3.2 Modus 2: Identifikation -- 2.1.3.3 Modus 3: Abstrahierung.

This paper proposes a new perspective on international capital flows and countries' long-run external asset position. Cross-sectional evidence for 84 developing countries shows that over the last three decades countries that have had on average higher volatility of output growth (1) accumulated higher external assets in the long-run and (2) experienced more procyclical capital outflows over the business cycle than those countries with a same growth rate but a more stable output path. To explain this finding we provide a theoretical mechanism within a stochastic real business cycle growth model in which higher uncertainty of the income stream increases the precautionary savings motive of households. They have a desire to save more when the variance of their expected income stream is higher. We show that in the model the combination of income risk and a precautionary savings motive will lead to procyclical capital out‡ows at business cycle frequency and a higher long-run external asset position.

A holiday is an eternal and global category of human existence. All tribes and peoples had and have their own system of celebrations, and solemn events designed to unite people, protect and promote the values around which society organizes its life. The purpose of the article is to show the historically determined uniqueness of national holidays and to trace the trend towards the creation of a pan European fund of mass holiday culture using concrete examples. The methodology of the article is based on descriptive and comparative methodological approaches of ethnological studies. Scientific novelty. The article examines historically formed models of holiday traditions of the peoples of Europe, which reflect the specifics of the state system of each country, and those that have gained international distribution. Conclusions. Holidays change throughout historical development depending on economic, political and cultural transformations. The study made it possible to trace the processes of detraditionalization of European society and the associated transition to new modern forms of mass culture.

Le premier semestre de l'année 2015 est dominé sur le plan médiatique par une crise migratoire caractérisée par des milliers de ressortissants syriens, afghans pour la plupart qui traversent la Méditerranée en vue de trouver asile, sécurité et, sans doute, de nouvelles perspectives de vie dans les pays européens et en Amérique du Nord. D'autres migrants, Erythréens, Sud-Soudanais, entre autres, viennent également grossir les rangs des migrants forcés au niveau régional et international. Pourtant, les migrations constituent un phénomène mondial et historique. La campagne médiatique qui s'en est suivie fait découvrir la tragédie qui sévit dans les pays d'origine des demandeurs d'asile faute de solution politique durable. Par la présente contribution, l'auteur revisite les différents cas de figure de migrations forcées à travers le monde, leurs causes possibles, leur typologie et analyse ensuite les enjeux et défis que posent ces déplacements en portant particulièrement le focus sur l'Afrique en général et la Région des Grands Lacs africains en particulier.

The design of international institutions varies in many ways: Institutions can be more or less formal, flexible, independent, precise, inclusive, centralized, and so on. This article classifies theoretical efforts to make sense of these similarities and differences. First, some theories focus on the bargains or contracts that attempt to construct equilibrium behavior while other theories analyze institutional design as a dynamic process. Second, theories vary in whether they understand institutional design as a response to the environment in which institutions operate or as a function of the incentives, interests, values, initiatives, and power of the actors that created the institutions. The article discusses four ideal-typical theoretical approaches that fit in each quadrant of the resulting 2×2 typology: rational functionalist, distributive rationalist, historical institutionalist, and structural process theories. These approaches identify different causes for suboptimal or even dysfunctional institutional design: domestic politics, power politics, path dependence, and culture. The conclusion discusses how these theories can help us make sense of current challenges to institutions and their design.

Augrund von Protesten gegen das undemokratische Auswahlverfahren des amtierenden Rektors, Professor John Jhalau, haben mehrere Dozenten der Universität Kristen Satya Wacana ihre Stellen verloren. Ihalau wurde, trotz zweimaliger Niederlage bei den Abstimmungen im Senat 1993, durch das Kuratorium der Universität zum Rektor ernannt. Dr. Arief Budiman klagte erstmals in der indonesischen Rechtsgeschichte vor dem Verwaltungsgericht gegen diese willkürliche Entscheidung und verlor nicht nur den Prozeß, sondern wurde auch noch gekündigt, (vgl. SOAI 4194 S. 45) Seine Kollegen, viele von ihnen in vormals führenden Funktionen, verfaßten am 5. April 1995 einen internationalen Unterstützungsaufruf. Danach ist u.a. auch dem ehemaligen Prorektor, Prof. Liek Wielar jo, bekannt für seine Kritik am staatlichen Atomenergieprogramm, und Dr. Ariel Heryanto gekündigt worden. Mit weitere Kündigungen ist zu rechnen. Gegründet wurde die Universität Kristen Satya Wacana 1956 von mehreren kirchlichen Organisationen. Die zunächst zur Lehrerausbildung vorgesehene Universität nahm später weitere Fachbereiche wie z.B. Elektrotechnik, Sprachen und Wirtschaftswissenschaften auf. 1987 wurde das "Pasca Sarjana" (Magister und Doktoranden) Programm eingerichtet. Dr. Arief Budiman, Absolvent der Harvard- Universität und Dozent an der Satya Wcacana seit 1981, wurde vom damaligen Rektor mit dem Aufbau des Programms betraut. Neben Budiman wirkten bis 1993 namhafte indonesische Intellektuelle, wie Dr. Liek Wielarjo, Dr. Ariel Heriyanto und Dr. G. J. Adicandro am Aufbau des Programms mit und machten es zu einem der wichtigsten, gesellschaftskritischen, akademischen Zentren Indonesiens. Zahlreiche Absolventen dieses Programms bilden heute einen Teil der neuen Generation von gesellschaftspolitisch engagierten indonesischen Intellektuellen.

International audience ; The case of Central and Eastern European Countries – especially Poland – invites us to reconsider the temporal and political aspects of the reconfiguration of Higher Education with regard to austerity measures. The financial crisis of 2007/2008 cannot be viewed as the main trigger of this sector's redesign, for two main reasons. First, the Polish economy has not been hit by this economic turmoil as hard as some West European countries. Secondly, the structural austerity measures which have affected the country's public sector followed the 1989 fall of the Communist regime and the 'shock therapy' implemented by the first democratic governments. These neo-liberal policy measures set up in the beginning of the 1990s have led to a far-reaching privatisation of Higher Education. Still, 2007 appears as a caesura, as the new liberal government undertook several important measures to reform the Higher Education systems in the name of competitiveness, diversification and excellence.

International audience ; The case of Central and Eastern European Countries – especially Poland – invites us to reconsider the temporal and political aspects of the reconfiguration of Higher Education with regard to austerity measures. The financial crisis of 2007/2008 cannot be viewed as the main trigger of this sector's redesign, for two main reasons. First, the Polish economy has not been hit by this economic turmoil as hard as some West European countries. Secondly, the structural austerity measures which have affected the country's public sector followed the 1989 fall of the Communist regime and the 'shock therapy' implemented by the first democratic governments. These neo-liberal policy measures set up in the beginning of the 1990s have led to a far-reaching privatisation of Higher Education. Still, 2007 appears as a caesura, as the new liberal government undertook several important measures to reform the Higher Education systems in the name of competitiveness, diversification and excellence.

International audience ; The case of Central and Eastern European Countries – especially Poland – invites us to reconsider the temporal and political aspects of the reconfiguration of Higher Education with regard to austerity measures. The financial crisis of 2007/2008 cannot be viewed as the main trigger of this sector's redesign, for two main reasons. First, the Polish economy has not been hit by this economic turmoil as hard as some West European countries. Secondly, the structural austerity measures which have affected the country's public sector followed the 1989 fall of the Communist regime and the 'shock therapy' implemented by the first democratic governments. These neo-liberal policy measures set up in the beginning of the 1990s have led to a far-reaching privatisation of Higher Education. Still, 2007 appears as a caesura, as the new liberal government undertook several important measures to reform the Higher Education systems in the name of competitiveness, diversification and excellence.

International audience ; The case of Central and Eastern European Countries – especially Poland – invites us to reconsider the temporal and political aspects of the reconfiguration of Higher Education with regard to austerity measures. The financial crisis of 2007/2008 cannot be viewed as the main trigger of this sector's redesign, for two main reasons. First, the Polish economy has not been hit by this economic turmoil as hard as some West European countries. Secondly, the structural austerity measures which have affected the country's public sector followed the 1989 fall of the Communist regime and the 'shock therapy' implemented by the first democratic governments. These neo-liberal policy measures set up in the beginning of the 1990s have led to a far-reaching privatisation of Higher Education. Still, 2007 appears as a caesura, as the new liberal government undertook several important measures to reform the Higher Education systems in the name of competitiveness, diversification and excellence.

Academics, scientists and researchers have long been highly mobile, operating within international labor markets. Moreover, given their importance as crucial players influencing national economic development and prosperity there has been unprecedented competition among countries seeking to attract members of this highly-skilled group. It is demonstrated here that Australia has been important as both a destination and origin of scientists, researchers and academics. Australia is one of the few countries with migration data which allow the full complexity of both in- and out-movement in this sector to be analyzed. Survey data and in-depth interviews are used to explore the drivers of their mobility using case studies of Australian researchers abroad and Chinese and Indian researchers in Australia. It is shown that both return migration and third country migration are important among researchers. These skilled migrants often maintain intensive linkages with their homeland origins and there is substantial potential for contributing to their home countries' development whether they decide to return or not.

Geopolitics has long been associated with material factors, but theories of international relations continue to evade questions about ecological degradation and declining natural resources. One important point of intersection is the relationship between liberalism and natural abundance/scarcity. There are grounds to suggest that liberal ideas and revolutions owe their emergence and endurance to ecological abundance, particularly in the form of immense stores of solar energy in fossil fuels: such fuels have literally powered the modern liberal project. Some ecological thinkers argue that humanity, or "civilization," is soon to face massive ecological, economic, and social decline as a result of declining resources, but it is difficult to picture just what "collapse" might entail in political terms. This article examines the prospect that what many see as the current decline of liberalism may in fact be a manifestation of ecologically induced collapse, especially due to the limit to growth represented by "peak oil." It concludes with consideration of the merits of a more ecological perspective on our political existence.

Examines the profound social changes refugees may experience from contact with international aid & development programs through a case study of persons from an ancient nomadic culture in northern Mali forced to flee to refugee camps in Mauritania & Algeria between 1990 & 1995. Although conditions in Algeria kept the refugees at a mere survival level, those at the camps in Mauritania, close to UNHCR, WFP, & NGO offices, received ample supplies & additional services. In Mauritania, the education, literacy, & training programs in the camps introduced children to formal education & women to health care work, midwife practice, sewing, cloth-dying, market gardening, small business management, & functional literacy in Tamacheq & Arabic. Approximately 200 returnees were interviewed in the summer of 1998 in the Timbuktu & Kidal regions after their return to Mali. The interviews demonstrated that the training received led to the transformation of the social role of women & encouraged community development. The author gives several suggestions for the design & implementation of developmental assistance programs for refugees. 1 Table, 15 References. L. A. Hoffman

This hugely successful global history of the twentieth century is written by four prominent international historians for first-year undergraduate level and upward.Using their thematic and regional expertise, the authors have produced an authoritative yet accessible and seamless account of the history of international relations in the last century, covering events in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, Africa and the Americas. They focus on the history of relations between states and on the broad ideological, economic and cultural forces that have influenced the evolution of international politics o