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AbstractGulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states have been engaging in diversification efforts, yet the types of efforts suggest that the primary interest is regime security. Regional foreign policy is complex; hence we propose a multi‐lens approach to analyze overlapping and complementary political, economic, and social forces. The international political economy of hydrocarbons demonstrates the similarities among GCC states, regional dynamics illustrate interstate relations and similar patterns, while economic diversification suggests individual state trajectories and comparative and competitive patterns. By outlining the contemporary context for GCC states, we argue that low oil prices, regional dependence on hydrocarbons, and trends in economic diversification efforts signal GCC states' preference to reinforce their rentier systems with alternative state revenue streams. GCC states' diversification into new markets and sectors and use of state‐owned enterprises in microcompetitions indicate a new search for alternative revenue streams and prestige, which in turn are used to assure the perpetuation of regime security. This finding sets trajectories and implications for the region, specifically economic stagnation and supplementary diversification processes.

In this article the author examine the problem of regional aspects of «cooperation socialism» theory transformation in the United States, the West, the Russia at the of XIX and the beginning of XX century and conclude that the present teachings becam the foundation of transformations of capitalism in the socialism.

This article discusses the possibilities for cooperation between Russia and Egypt, and, based partly on the historical success of such cooperation, concludes that even better and stronger cooperation is likely in the future. Several areas are covered, including Russian participation in the settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict; the relevance of the involvement of the United States in the resolution of that same conflict; the sharing of information in the struggle against terrorism; the history of relations between Russia and Egypt; the maintenance of the Aswan High Dam; diplomatic relations and meetings between the two countries; bilateral trade and investment relations; and cultural exchanges and mutual tourism.

This report presents an overview on approaches to governance-related issues and links with poverty reduction objectives of development cooperation among a sample of European Union (EU) Member States and other donors. The report forms part of a study commissioned by the European Community Poverty Reduction Effectiveness Programme (EC-PREP) to contribute to the definition of a consistent and common EU approach to governance related issues within the EC Directorate General Development (EC-DEV) initiative on Institutional Capacity Building. The Development Policy Coherence and Forward Studies unit within EC-DEV/B1 is coordinating this initiative. The report is divided into four main sections: Section 1: provides contextual information including study objectives, core good governance areas covered, study methodology and analytical framework used; Sections 2 & 3: provide summary profiles of both Member State and other donor approaches to good governance; Section 3: offers an analysis of emerging themes and issues arising from the donor profiles in line with the study objectives; Section 4: presents the study's main conclusions and recommendations.

In July 1949, negotiations for a European payments agreement to finance international trade, which had been delayed by a dispute between the United Kingdom and the United States over currency convertibility, were blocked by a difference between the Swiss and the United States governments regarding the terms of Switzerland's participation. The Swiss government had refused to sign the bilateral agreement with the United States which all other members of the Organization for European Economic Cooperation receiving dollar aid had done, on the ground that it needed no dollar aid for itself and that the bilateral agreement would give the United States a right to check on the Swiss economy. The payments committee of the OEEC Council had attempted to bring Switzerland into the payments plan to widen the area of more liberal trade, urged by the United States. The committee's proposal that half of Switzerland's trade surplus be financed by a grant of dollars and half by trade credits on the terms of the Economic Cooperation Administration as advanced by Switzerland to her debtors was submitted to the Swiss Federal Council. Following the statement by the Economic Cooperation Administration that dollars could not be had without signature by Switzerland of a bilateral accord with the United States, the Swiss Federal Council refused to sign the accord.

This volume synthesizes the views exchanged at a conference convened in June 1991 in Lisbon to examine additional opportunities for trilateral collaboration in the economic and political development of all five countries of Lusophone Africa - Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, Sao Tome and Principe, and Cape Verde. (DÜI-Hff)

"The National Government and the States should be regarded not as competitors for authority but as two levels of government cooperating with or complementing each other in meeting the growing demands on both."1