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This paper describes the pioneering contribution made by Karl Koenig to the field of intellectual disability. Koenig was an Austrian émigré forced by virtue of his Jewish heritage to flee his homeland after the Anschluss. From a seed sown by Koenig in Scotland in 1940 has grown the worldwide Camphill Movement. The paper also seeks to identify and describe the essential elements of the Camphill philosophy and practice.

Anhand von Archivmaterial des Haifa Labour Council untersucht der Autor den Zusammenhang von Arbeiterstreiks und Nationalismus in Palästina in den 1920er Jahren. Im Einzelnen betrachtet er die Konzentration der Streiks auf die wachsende jüdische Bevölkerung, die Einflussnahme zionistischer Interessen auf die Streiks und das Gewicht nationaler Erwägungen auf die Organisation und Durchführung der Streiks. Dabei wird auch auf die Rolle der General Federation of Jewish Labour in Palestine (Histadrut) eingegangen. Die Arbeiterbewegung erscheint letztlich als nützliches politisches und wirtschaftliches Instrument jüdischer Nationalbestrebungen in Palästina. (DÜI-Mjr)

Die Autorin zeichnet die Entstehung und die Aktivitäten der Youth Aliyah in den 1930er Jahren nach, einer Unterabteilung der Jewish Agency in Palästina, die sich zum Ziel gesetzt hatte, möglichst viele jüdische Kinder und Jugendliche zum Studium an Kibuzzim nach Palästina zu holen. Dieses Ziel wurde von der Immigrationspolitik Großbritanniens weitgehend erschwert, die die Immigration von Juden nach Palästina zunehmend beschränkte. Wie die Autorin schließt, ist die britische Nahostpolitik daher verantwortlich dafür, dass die Youth Aliyah nicht mehr Kinder vor den Verbrechen der Nazis in Deutschland habe retten können. (DÜI-Mjr)

Drawing on Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's philosophy of the concept, James Clifford's theory of diaspora, and Ella Shohat's work on Mizrahim, this essay examines the problematic relationships among nations, territory, and sensations of belonging. First, double diaspora is developed as a concept by which to think through conflicted affiliations to multiple homelands created through the dispersion of Jewish ethnicities, emphasizing the movement through territory as an infinite process. Second, this concept is explored through the literature of two diasporic Arab Jewish writers, Sami Michael and Naim Kattan.

The evolution of the concept of spiritual/religious wisdom (ḥikamt) by the Iranian Muslim philosophers from the 10th to 12th century, may be studied under three main trends namely Mashā'i (Peripatetic), Kalām (theology), and Ishrāq (Illumination). Despite the correlation among these trends each of them grew independently. Among the three, the Hikmat-i Ishrāq (Illumination Wisdom) which is also known as Ḥikamt-i Dhawqi (Intuitive Wisdom) of Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi (1153-1191) found a special place as it tended to bring together the philosophical and theological aspects of wisdom. This survey would address the development of ḥikmat (wisdom) among Iranian philosophers (hukamā'). It will focus on three outstanding thinkers namely Ibn Sina (980-1037), Ghazali (1058-1111) and Suhrawardi. Ibn Sina represents the Islamized version of Aristotelian Peripatetic philosophy. Ghazali benefited from Ibn Sina's writing but took a different direction, distancing himself from philosophy by giving more weight to theology. Suhrawardi adopted 'light' – a strong symbolic expression used in both pre-Islamic and Islamic sources – and gave 'wisdom' a different edge that involved intuition as a reliable source of receiving guidance. In the study of the theoretical and philosophical aspects of the Illumination Wisdom (Ḥikmat-i Ishrāq) one can find traces of the evolution of the concept of wisdom as perceived by Ibn Sina and Ghazali.

My project seeks to broaden and reassess how "black" and "white" are defined by investigating how literature, history, and culture inform changing identity politics. My dissertation argues that America's obsession with mixed race, traced through representations, imaginings and theorization of mulattos or black/white mixed race people, intimates a secret longing for less confining racial scripts. Nella Larsen's Quicksand, Michelle Cliff's Abeng, Danzy Senna's Caucasia, James McBride's The Color of Water: A Black Man's Tribute to His White Mother, and Rebecca Walker's Black, White and Jewish: Autobiography of a Shifting Self along with popular culture figures including Halle Berry, Vin Diesel, Mariah Carey, and Derek Jeter demonstrate how biracial representations redefine both "blackness" and "whiteness" by claiming multiple race identities. I submit that these representations offer an alternative to asserting a biracial subjectivity disengaged from blackness, what I am calling a "b(l)iracial" identity that underscores how racial politics pervade but do not completely dictate racial identification. ; Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-11, Section: A, page: 4195. ; Adviser: Robert Dale Parker. ; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2004.

""Makes new sense of aspects of popular culture we have all grown up with and thought we knew only too well. Most bridges religious studies and theater, political theory and American studies, high criticism and middlebrow performance. Her book will help us see better how Jews and their Jewishness did not merely 'enter' American popular culture, but did so much to invent it.""-Jonathan Boyarin Leonard and Tobee Kaplan Distinguished Professor of Modern Jewish Thought, University of North Carolina For centuries, Jews were one of the few European cultures without any official public theatrical tra

"This book constitutes the first systematic and critical discussion of questions of immigration and society in Israel from a global perspective. The comprehensive study covers the thirty-year period since the beginning of the immigrant influx from the former Soviet Union in the 1990s and incorporates data based on a variety of quantitative and qualitative research methods. It provides an important opportunity to examine identity and patterns of adaptation among immigrants, with the added perspective afforded by the passage of time. Moreover, it sheds light on the Russians' cumulative influence on Israeli society and on the Israel-Palestinian conflict. Considering all groups within Israeli society, it covers Palestinian-Arab citizens in Israel who have almost never been included in analyses addressing questions of Jewish immigration to Israel. Multiculturalism is the central theoretical framework of this study, alongside specific theoretical considerations of ethnic formation, political mobilization among ethnic groups, and immigration and conflict in deeply divided societies. However, whilst Jewish-Arab relations in Israel are typically analyzed in the context of majority-minority relations, this book offers a pioneering approach that analyses these relations within the context of a Jewish majority with a minority phobia and an Arab minority with a sense of regional majority. Addressing existing and anticipated influences of Russian immigrants on politics, culture and social structures in Israel, as well as the Israel-Palestinian conflict, The Russians in Israel will be useful to students and scholars of Middle Eastern politics and society"--

Dedication -- Contents -- List of Figures -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Humans Vary -- Are Jews Distinct? -- 1.2 Who Is a Jew? -- 1.3 From Anthropology and Eugenics to Population Genetics -- Chapter 2: From Emancipation to "Scientific Racism" -- 2.1 Jews as a Distinct Entity -- 2.2 The Biologization of Race -- 2.3 Anti-Semitism -- 2.4 Judaism as a Historic Entity -- Chapter 3: Heredity or Environment? -- 3.1 Heredity or Society? -- 3.2 Racism -- 3.3 Eugenics -- Chapter 4: The Response: Zionism -- 4.1 Theodor Herzl -- 4.2 Max Nordau -- 4.3 Zeev Jabotinsky -- 4.4 Martin Buber -- 4.5 Arthur Ruppin -- Chapter 5: A Jewish Race Notwithstanding? -- 5.1 The Zionist Claim -- 5.2 People of the Middle-East? -- 5.3 A Political-Social Perspective -- Chapter 6: Eidoth -- 6.1 The Middle Eastern Jew: The Jewish Prototype? -- 6.2 On Khazars and Ashkenazim -- 6.3 The Merger of Eidoth: Assimilation or Amalgamation? -- 6.4 Jewish Diseases -- 6.5 Immigrants and Natives -- Chapter 7: Pioneers as Eugenic Agents -- 7.1 Hebrew Work - An Insurmountable Challenge -- 7.2 Education and Racial Hygiene -- 7.3 Jewish Intelligence (and Disease) -- 7.4 The "Demographic Issue" -- Chapter 8: The Inagathering of Exiles -- 8.1 Medical Anthropology and Population Genetics -- 8.2 Common Relatives versus Common Genes -- 8.3 The Genetics of the Israeli Melting Pot -- 8.4 From Single-Genes to Systems Polymorphisms -- Chapter 9: From DNA to Politics -- 9.1 Similar but Different -- 9.2 The Trail of Y-Chromosome Haplotypes -- 9.3 Towards Genome-Wide Association Studies -- 9.4 DNA Sequence Analyses -- 9.5 Politics versus Science -- 9.6 Common Origins or Common Network? -- Chapter 10: Coda: Zionism and the Biology of the Jews Tomorrow -- 10.1 A Jewish State or a State for the Jews? -- Bibliography -- Index

Despite consensus about the importance of multigenerational analysis for studying the long-term impact of immigration, most studies in Israel have focused on the integration of first-generation migrants, neglecting key changes (in economic, social, linguistic, and identity outcomes) that occur intergenerationally. Rebeca Raijman tackles this important but untold story with respect to Jewish South African immigration in Israel. By collecting data from three generational cohorts, Raijman analyzes assimilation from a comparative multigenerational perspective. She also combines both quantitative and qualitative evidence with in-depth interviews and participant observation, thereby providing a rich and more complete picture of the complex process of migrant assimilation

Political Zionism is based on the fallacy that there exists a single nation encompassing all the world's Jews. How can Zionism claim that Israel is the nation-state of the Jewish people, since the only attribute shared by all Jews is Judaism, a religion and not an attribute of nationhood in any modern sense of the word? Jews can belong to various nations—a Jew may be French, American, Indian, Argentinian, and so forth—but being Jewish excludes other religious affiliations. Thus, this essay argues, the Zionist claim that all the world's Jews constitute a single distinct national entity is an ideological myth, invented as a misconceived way of dealing with the persecution and discrimination suffered by European Jews, in particular. Indeed, from its earliest iterations and up to the present day, Zionism—a colonizing project—has been fueled by an inverted form of anti-Semitism: if, as it claims, Israel acts on behalf of all Jews everywhere, then all Jews must be collectively held responsible for the actions of that state—clearly an anti-Semitic position.

Pri ha-Pardes (Früchte des Obstgartens) ist eine Reihe der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V., welche in Verbindung mit dem Zentrum für Jüdische Studien der Universität Potsdam publiziert wird. Pri ha-Pardes möchte kleineren wissenschaftlichen Studien, Forschungen am Rande der großen Disziplinen und exzellenten Masterarbeiten eine Publikationsplattform bieten. Im ersten Band dieser Reihe zeichnet Brigitte Heidenhain die Geschichte der Juden in Wriezen nach, welche 1677 einsetzte und 1940 mit ihrer Vertreibung und Ermordung endete. Zahlreiche, zumeist bislang unbeachtete Quellen des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts aus brandenburgischen und Berliner Archiven lassen die Auswirkungen der preußischen Judenpolitik im Leben des Einzelnen und der Gemeinde lebendig vor uns erstehen. Im 18. Jahrhundert war die Existenz der Wriezener Juden vom Kampf um die Aufenthaltserlaubnis und gegen drohende Verarmung geprägt. Die im 19. Jahrhundert neu gewonnene Niederlassungsfreiheit brachte eine Vergrößerung der jüdischen Gemeinde mit sich und gegen Ende des Jahrhunderts eine leichte Verbesserung der wirtschaftlichen Lage. Über das schnelle und vollständige Ende jüdischen Lebens in Wriezen nach 1938 gibt es kaum schriftliche Informationen. Die wichtigste Quelle ist die Datenbank der Gedächtnisstätte JadwaSchem in Jerusalem. In ihr wird die Erinnerung an 56 namentlich bekannte ermordete Wriezener Juden aufbewahrt. Der Band wird mit der Beschreibung des seit 1730 existierenden jüdischen Friedhofes und der Erfassung der hebräischen Grabinschriften abgeschlossen. ; The history of jews in Wriezen begins in 1677, shortly after Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm allowed jews to settle in Brandenburg again through his edict of 1671. However, during the whole of the 18th century Prussian policy toward jews was extremely restrictive . The results of this policy are clearly visible in the life of the jews of Wriezen: they always remained a small congregation since this was the will of the king for small towns. Life was dominated by the struggle for the right of residence. Status as "Schutzjude" (i.e. "Protected Jew") was restricted to few individuals, leading to the separation of families as younger siblings were forced to leave. State regulated economic policy strongly restricted the freedom of trade, the main source of income for the jews, leading to the impoverishment of most jewish families in Wriezen. In the 18th century, there was no organized congregational activity. This only developed in the course of the 19th century. The jews of Wriezen built their first synagogue in 1820, replacing it with a new and larger one in 1886. The emancipation edict of 1812 improved the general situation of individuals and the new freedom of movement led to an influx of jews to Wriezen. But full legal equality with other citizens was not achieved until the German Empire was founded in 1871. In the first half of the 19th century, the economic situation of the jews of Wriezen was still quite modest, only improving toward the end of the century. There were numerous fluctuations in the membership of the jewish community in the last decades of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. But the number of jewish inhabitants of Wriezen remained relatively constant at 100 -120 individuals. There is hardly any written information on the sudden and complete end of jewish life in Wriezen after 1938. At least 59 jewish citizens of Wriezen were deported and murdered between 1940 and 1945. The victims are commemorated in the public database of the Yad-VaShem Memorial in Jerusalem. There has been a jewish cemetery in Wriezen since 1730, in which 131 gravestones still survive today. The oldest dates back to 1773, the last is from 1940.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- PART I A conceptual framework: historical and cultural themes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Culture and religion -- PART II Major world systems of belief and ritual -- 3 Grief in small scale societies -- 4 Death in a Hindu family -- 5 The Buddhist way of death -- 6 Jewish views and customs on death -- 7 Christianity: beliefs and practices about death and bereavement -- 8 The Islamic way of death and dying: homeward bound -- 9 Secularisation -- PART III Practical implications and conclusions -- 10 Childhood death and bereavement across cultures -- 11 Help for the dying and the bereaved -- 12 Conclusions I: implications for practice and policy -- 13 Conclusions II: attachments and losses in cross-cultural perspective -- References -- Index.

The article is an examination of the 1930 play Brain. A Play of the Whole Earth, by an obscure early twentieth-century British writer, Lionel Britton, in the light of the writings of Polish Jewish physician and philosopher of science Ludwik Fleck and the sociologist Émile Durkheim. A consideration of the notion of collectivity as depicted in the text, its complex representation of a posthuman existence, and the unusual generic characteristics of the play lead to the suggestion that Brain may be regarded as a utopian bildungsroman whose main focus is the life of an idea in society.

Inaugurating Iran's radical alterity : shifting geopolitics, oxymoronic voices -- Modernity in crisis : Israeli pipe dreams of Euro-America and the Iranian threat -- Iran and the Jewish state's repertoires of violence in the post-9/11 world -- The unclassifiable : Iran's Jews in Zionist/Israeli imagination