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Abstract Background Accepting the concept of evolution is important for the advancement of biological science and has many implications for daily life. However, a large portion of the general public does not currently accept biological evolution. Therefore, it is important to understand what factors are associated with a decline in the acceptance of evolution. Of particular interest for us is the relationship of individuals' sense of trust in science in relationship to evolution acceptance. Methods Using the Trust in Science and Scientists and Inventory of Student Evolution Acceptance we surveyed 159 undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory psychology course. Additionally, we also asked the students questions regarding their religious commitment and political orientation. To analyze the data we calculated correlations, regressions, and conducted a path analysis. Results We found that lower levels of trust in science and scientists, stronger religious commitment, and more conservative political orientations were associated with a decrease in the acceptance of evolution in an undergraduate sample. We also found that the results shifted as the contexts for evolution changed. Conclusion While religious commitment has been previously studied, when combined with levels of both trust in science and scientists and political orientation we gain new insight into how different factors combine to influence evolution acceptance, particularly as the evolution context changes. By understanding how these factors are linked to acceptance of evolution, we may be able to start developing strategies for increasing the acceptance of evolution that are consistent with a range of worldviews.

AbstractThe literature on women in state legislatures has grown dramatically over the last few decades, examining in detail their personal characteristics, behavior, and the impact they have had on state legislatures. Highlighted throughout this body of work are the many ways in which these female officials differ from their male colleagues. While it may once have been necessary to identify and categorize women legislators, we now need to broaden our research to examine both the diversity among women state legislators and the contexts in which they may or may not make a difference. This broader focus should include analyses of state-level forces, such as legislative professionalism and state political culture, and it should also investigate more thoroughly policy outcomes and processes. Interactions between gender and other social forces, such as race, ethnicity, and class, should also be explored in greater depth. This new direction would build on the richness of the existing literature and allow the two fields of women in politics and state politics to better inform and contribute to each other.

Originally published in 1975, this book advocates a certain approach to the study of government: the focus should be institutional, the method comparative and the level practical. The book divides into 2 sections on political science and public administration but the themes are common, as is much of the subject matter. Chapters on the institutional and comparative approach are intended to show how political institutions are often designed to reflect political theories, how institutional engineering may take place and how lessons for domestic reform may be learnt from foreign experience. The second section looks at the state of public administration studies in Britain, the nature of the subject, drawing on the work of earlier theorists, the role of the universities and the civic contribution such study can make

"As in other societal realms also in research, science, and development governments and parliaments increasingly have to legitimize their actions and want to base their future activities on informed decisions. Consequently, performance measures, benchmarking, comparative analysis, "foresight studies" are increasingly asked for. Ranking, ratings and evaluations are introduced throughout the system supposedly providing on the one hand the requested transparency and at the same time acting as stimuli to improve the performance. However, to date central questions relating to the underlying methodologies and indicators used are unanswered. These
questions concern the availability and appropriateness of the data, indicator construction and methodologies on the one hand, tackle issues as how to deal with effects due to disciplinary, sectoral, regional or national differences, and concern the intended and unintended effects of the instruments used. In the contribution these issues are described and discussed in more detail. In Germany so far infrastructural deficiencies e.g. the fragmentation of research groups addressing those issues prevent adequately addressing the open research questions. Behind this
background the two most important tasks identified are them the development of a decentralized data collection system enabling standard definitions and the development of a competitive research infrastructure." [author's abstract]

The article deals with the stages of formation of the European space of education and science, in particular, the key role of each international assembly is determined for 20 years. Structural-organizational and structural-functional analysis of the effectiveness of the legislative and structural implementation of higher education systems for the development of the Bologna process was conducted, as well as a chronological analysis of the forums held under the auspices of the Bologna Process.

Victorians were fascinated by the flood of strange new worlds that science was opening to them. Exotic plants and animals poured into London from all corners of the Empire, while revolutionary theories such as the radical idea that humans might be descended from apes drew crowds to heated debates. Men and women of all social classes avidly collected scientific specimens for display in their homes and devoured literature about science and its practitioners. Victorian Science in Context captures the essence of this fascination, charting the many ways in which science influenc

AbstractThe effects of citizen science are wide ranging, influencing science, society, the economy, the environment, as well as individual participants. However, in many citizen science projects, impact evaluation is still overly simplistic. This is particularly the case when assessing the impact of participation in citizen science on the environmental attitudes, behaviour and knowledge of citizen scientists. In an attempt to bridge the gap between the state of the art in relevant scientific fields and citizen science, this systematic literature review identified best practices and approaches in the field of environmental psychology for measuring environmental attitudes, behaviour and knowledge. From the literature, five relevant and validated approaches were identified that can be used to measure changes in attitudes, behaviour and knowledge in citizen science projects. This would allow for improved understanding of the impacts of citizen science, as well as for improved project evaluation as a whole.

This textbook contains chapters on the Indian Constitution, understanding secularism, understanding laws, criminal justice, public facilities, and more. Made available by National Repository of Open Educational Resources of India.

Abstract
Aristotle does not explain why ordinary citizens who lack the virtue of justice nevertheless praise justice and the law. Indignation (nemesis), defined as pain at the undeserved gains of others, is a promising candidate in the list of means regarding virtues and passions in Book 2 of the Nicomachean Ethics. However, as many scholars have noted, Aristotle's description of indignation as a mean is flawed. Moreover, indignation is the only characteristic in the list that disappears from the inquiry thereafter. I argue that Aristotle obliquely criticizes indignation for aligning envy, a base passion, with conventional justice. Aristotle's subtle critique reveals that envy motivates 'the many' to support justice, an unsavory conclusion which he does not highlight.

The new Ordinance of Scientific Areas enacted by the Ministry of Science of the Republic of Croatia specifies politology as a scientific discipline of social sciences incorporating political science, theory & history of politics, & political philosophy. Following the objections of the academic community, that division was revised as follows: (1) Theory, History, & Doctrines of Politics, (2) Foreign & National Policy, (3) Other. The author describes a different structuring, corroborated by IPSA's & APSA's documents. Also, the author reviews the two centuries of the development of political science in the US & in Croatia. In 100 years of the globally prevailing US development of political science & of the profession of political scientists, a new global standard was set. Its structures include approximately 100 fields & subfields of science & expertise in political science in 8 basic fields: (A). Political Institutions, (B). Political Behavior, (C) Comparative Politics, (D) International Relations, (E) Political Theory, (F) Public Policy & Management, (G) Political Economy, & (H) Political Methodology. The author emphasizes that any ungrounded intervention in the division of scientific fields might harm the progress of this science, organization of research, staff renewal at the university, & academic education of political scientists, as well as the internationally comparable competence of Croatian experts & Croatian democratic political thought & political culture in general. 44 References. Adapted from the source document.