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The present article compares how Jacques Rancière and Leo Strauss think the relation between the natural and the artificial, between physis and nomos. This discussion will be approached under the light of the question of the possibility of a political theory that surpass the negativity moment. The restitution of the ways in which the French author link physis and nomos will take part in the first section of the article. The second one will go further Rancière's ways through Leo Strauss's arguments of political philosophy's teachings, particularly those about the relation between the natural and the artificial ; El presente artículo contrapondrá el modo en el que Jacques Rancière y Leo Strauss piensan la relación entre lo natural y lo artificial, entre physis y nomos. Se abordará esta discusión a la luz de la pregunta por la posibilidad de una teoría política que supere el momento de la negatividad. La restitución de los modos de relación entre physis y nomos que el autor francés permite pensar consistirá en la primera parte del trabajo. La segunda intentará ir más allá de los modos planteados por Rancière mediante una reposición del argumento de Leo Strauss sobre las enseñanzas de la filosofía política, en particular aquellas en torno a la relación entre lo natural y lo artificial

In this work I use the concept of irony to analyze the elenchos that Socrates practices on the opinions of Callicles in the Gorgias. I assume as a starting point that Socrates aims at the modification of his interlocutor´s animic disposition, adopting a philosophical way of life and abandoning the rhetorical one. To do this, he develops an ironic elenchos that has three moments: a feigned acceptance by Socrates of the dichotomy presented by Callicles between the life of the politician, worthy of imitation, and that of the philosopher, worthy of reproach; a reversal of that dichotomy; and finally, a questioning of that reversal. I will conclude by arguing that this third moment constitutes a new Socratic maneuver to urge Callicles to suspend his political activities, and previously examine philosophically with him the way to become virtuous. ; En este trabajo tomo como eje el concepto de ironía para analizar elelenchosque Sócrates practica sobre las opiniones de Calicles en el diálogo Gorgias. Asumo como punto de partida que Sócrates aspira a que su interlocutor modifique su disposición anímica y adopte un modo de vida filosófico, abandonando el retórico. Para ello, desarrolla unelenchosirónico que posee tres momentos: una fingida aceptación por parte de Sócrates de la dicotomía presentada por Calicles entre la vida del político, digna de imitación, y la del filósofo, merecedora de reproche; una inversión de dicha dicotomía; y finalmente una puesta en cuestión de dicha inversión. Concluiré sosteniendo que este tercer momento constituye una nueva maniobra socrática para instar a Calicles a que suspenda sus actividades políticas y examine previamente con él, de manera filosófica, el camino para volverse virtuoso.

This research aims to determine the role of human resource management in organizations. This research uses a literature review method. From the discussion, it can be concluded that human resource management has three functions, namely managerial functions, operational functions, and functions to achieve organizational goals in an integrated manner. Meanwhile, the duties of human resource management are staff procurement, human resource development, compensation management, occupational safety and health, labor relations, and industrial relations. The main objective of human resource management is to increase the contribution of human resources (employees) to the organization. It can be understood that all organizational activities in achieving its goals depend on the humans who manage the organization. Therefore, employees must be managed properly so that they can assist the organization in achieving the organizational goals that have been determined. To achieve the objectives of human resource management carried out by HR managers, and managers on all lines of the company and outsourcing.

The rise of various cases that befell teachers in carrying out their professional duties is proof that legal protection for the teaching profession has not been running properly. This study consists of 3 (three) main problems, including legal protection for teachers as professionals, the weaknesses of legal protection for teachers as professionals, and efforts to realize legal protection for teachers as professionals based on the value of justice. This study uses a normative legal method by using a literature study. The results of this study state that the legal protection of the teaching profession as a professional educator is currently regulated in Law no. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System and Law no. 14 of 2005 concerning Teachers and Lecturers. Weaknesses in the legal protection of teachers as professionals, namely the teaching profession do not yet have the right not to be prosecuted in carrying out their professional duties and many cases go to the police (criminal), civil courts, and even state administrative courts. Efforts to realize the protection of teachers as professionals based on the value of justice through the reconstruction of articles 39 and 44 of Law no. 14 of 2005 concerning Teachers and Lecturers relating to the principle that teachers cannot be prosecuted either civilly, administratively, or criminally in carrying out their professional duties in good faith and or pedagogical principles for the benefit of education in the learning process.

Muchos autores consideran a Spinoza un adalid del liberalismo. No poca razón tienen, pues en el Tratado teológico-político (TTP) defiende el autor algunos de los pilares fundamentales de la democracia liberal: la exaltación de la democracia como la mejor forma de gobierno, la libertad de expresión como consustancial a la actividad política, una teoría del pacto social (transferencia del poder) y un énfasis en el papel clave del individuo en el Estado político. Este artículo propone que una lectura de conjunto de la teoría spinozista, impide entenderlo como un pensador liberal o, por añadidura, como un filosofo utilitarista. Analizaremos tres elementos esenciales: el rol del individuo y su constitución, sus concepciones epistemológicas y su entendimiento de lo propiamente político. Se concluye que la filosofía de Spinoza contiene una contundente crítica a la democracia liberal.