Suchergebnisse

Praca dotyczy badań nad stopniem wykorzystania handlu i biznesu elektronicznego w przemyśle tekstylno-odzieżowym oraz ich wpływu na ten przemysł. W tym celu przeprowadzono badania empiryczne wśród polskich przedsiębiorstw ww. sektora, przeanalizowano uwarunkowania prawne dotyczące handlu i biznesu elektronicznego międzynarodowych organizacji zajmujących się handlem (takich jak Światowa Organizacja Handlu - WTO, Unia Europejska, i inne), a także przeanalizowano wszystkie dostępne programy Unii Europejskiej pod kątem ich przydatności w finansowaniu projektów związanych z handlem elektronicznym oraz technologiami ICT (ang. information and communication technologies) dla firm sektora tekstylno-odzieżowego. ; The structure of the thesis was subordinated to the specific goals and research hypotheses. It consists of four main chapters and conclusions. Chapter one is of an introductory character. It presents a short history of internet, basic aspects of electronic commerce and business, such as its models or unique features with respect to traditional commerce. Basic statistical data concerning the electronic commerce with particular reference to trade of products from textile and clothing sector, as well as those concerning the number of users of internet in the world and in Poland are given. The conclusions from the report concerning the electronic commerce in the textile and clothing sector in the European Union prepared by the eBusiness W@tch organization in 2005 with the comments of the author, and the new ICT paradigm are also presented. Chapter two is devoted to the legal aspects of electronic commerce. At first the regulations of the international organizations such as the WTO, OECD and UNCITRAL are presented. In the next part of this chapter the EU directives are thoroughly described, as Poland is a member of this organization and its regulations are the most important for our country. The last part of the chapter is devoted to the analysis of Polish legal system and its adjustments to the regulations of international organizations. Chapter three is dedicated to presenting and analyzing the empirical research carried out on the basis of questionnaires among enterprises from Polish textile and clothing sector, and drawing conclusions from those results. The research was aimed at checking the level of utilization of electronic commerce and business in those companies and evaluation if their influence on the firms was positive. From the point of view of the main goal of the thesis it is the most important chapter. Chapter four presents the analysis of a wide range of the EU programs with respect to their usefulness for companies from textile and clothing sector in order to achieve direct (financial) and indirect assistance for projects connected with ICT. The last part of the thesis is dedicated to the final conclusions and summary of the performed researches and analyses.

This thesis is a result of experimental studies carried out as a part of the efforts made in Sweden and within the European Union to develop a technology that will make it technically and economically possible to use biomass as a gas turbine fuel. The process that has been studied is based on cyclone gasification of biomass powder and no further cleaning of the product gas from the gasifier. The study covers four issues that are important for assessment of the possibilities to develop such a process to commercialisation: The feeding of biomass to the gasifier The efficiency of the gasification process The product gas quality The integration of the gas turbine and the gasifier. The studies of the feeding system are presented in papers 1, 2 and 3. Screw feeders were used to control the fuel flow and ejectors driven by pressurised air or pressurised steam were used for injection of the powder into the cyclone. Two approaches for achieving feeding with small temporal variations were studied. One is based on use of a vibrator device in the feeding train, the other on use of a brush-like device positioned after the metering screws. Both systems were found to work reliably during the feeding tests and the subsequent gasification experiments. The gasification tests aimed at determination of the quality of the gas produced from the cyclone gasifier. Stable operating ranges, generation of char residue, heating value of the product gas and amounts of contaminants in the product gas were studied. The results were compared with gas quality criteria provided by ABB Stal. Experiments were made at atmospheric pressure and elevated pressure. The atmospheric gasification tests covered five different biomass powders. The results of these tests are shown in paper 4. Two of the fuels appeared as less suitable in the type of cyclone gasifier that was used. The pressurised gasification tests included commercial Swedish wood powder fuel only. The results of the tests are shown in paper 5. For this fuel, stable gasification could be attained both at the atmospheric and elevated pressure. The gas quality fulfilled the criteria with exception for the amount of large particles (above 8µm). The implications of this will depend on the particle properties. The experiences from attempts to operate the cyclone gasifier integrated with a gas turbine are presented in paper 6. Many difficulties where encountered during these tests. Stable operation of the gas turbine could be however achieved on a few occasions. The longest uninterrupted operation period was 34 minutes. Pressure transients appearing upon ignition in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine and design of the char discharge system at the cyclone bottom are the main unresolved problems. ; Godkänd; 2001; 20061113 (haneit)

Since the nineteeneighties the study of firm migration has become a full-grown part of Economic Geography in The Netherlands. For the Faculty of Spatial Sciences in Groningen, the study of firm migration is one of its key research issues. Therefore firm migration is an essential element of its research program "demography of firms and the space economy". In this programm attention is focused on the spatial dimensions of processes of the birth, death and relocation of firms, as well as growth and shrink of firms. In the future the Faculty will investigate the trends in firm migration in other European Union Countries. First, the authors will present some theoretical backgrounds and recent information of the most important push, pull, keep and reject factors which determine why firms decide to relocate or not to relocate. The most important factors are space for expansion,a representative location, parkingspace and attainability by car. This introduction is followed by an overview of Dutch Government policy and its influence on firm migration. The recent study from the Ministry of Economic Affairs 'Ruimte voor Economische Dynamiek' (Space for economic dynamism)'(1997) emphasizes the importance of creating enough space for economic activities to sufficient accommodations for further employment growth. The biggest problem for the Dutch Government policy is to make a well-considered choice between space for living, working, infrastructure, nature and recreation in a rather crowded national space (especially in the west of The Netherlands). The authors give a brief description of the most important policy documents from the Ministries of Economic Affairs, Spatial and Environmental Planning, Infrastructure and Internal Affairs and the possible consequences in relation to firm migration. This section ends with an analysis of the contradictions in the Government policy and the influence on firm migration. The second section will provide quantative data regarding firm migration in The Netherlands. There are several statistical databases regarding the quantity, structure, spatial patterns and labour market effects of firm migration in The Netherlands. After the description of the most important backgrounds of firm mobility and relevant spatial Government policy in the preceding section, the authors will present some figures of firm migration in the years 1992-1995 on different spatial levels. These figures will show the increasing pressure on industry, wholesale trade and business services regarding business areas in the Randstad (the west of The Netherlands) and the growing tendency of these firms to migrate to business areas in the intermediate provinces like Noord-Brabant (in the south) and Gelderland (in the east). At the end the authors compare and relate the information of the two sections and give some recommendations for Dutch Government policy in the future.

The University of Malta set up the first full-time course with a conservation theme in 1996, when an MSc in Conservation Technology for Masonry Buildings was organised by the then Institute for Masonry and Construction Research - now integrated within the Faculty for the Built Environment as the Department of the Built Heritage. This course, which is still being held on a biennial basis, is mostly (but not only) attended by young Architects and Civil Engineers who wish to work on building conservation. In 1999, the first hands-on courses in conservation started in Malta - run by the then Malta Centre for Restoration. These courses were divided into four areas, and covered most Cultural Heritage objects, ranging from books to textiles, from canvas paintings to archaeological artefacts. Once the Centre was absorbed into the National heritage agency, Heritage Malta, these undergraduate courses (Bachelor in Conservation and Restoration Studies [Honours)) continued to be run by this organization in strict collaboration with the University of Malta. As of October 2010, all of these courses have fallen under the direct care of the Department of the Built Heritage. The changing needs of the conservation world, both in Malta and abroad, the small numbers of students subscribing to the hands-on courses, the recommendations of ENCoRE, and the restructuring of undergraduate engineering and architecture course of studies led to a recent re-thinking of these conservation courses. Changes are being designed in the case of both courses, which are giving rise to some challenges and a great deal of opportunities. These changes include a revision of the MSc in Conservation Technology for Masonry Buildings, also in the light of structural changes taking place at undergraduate and postgraduate levels within the Faculty for the Built Environment, which lead to the creation of a number of professional and specialisation Masters courses. Even more fundamental are the changes taking place with regards to educating hands-on Conservators. As of October 2012, this training will only take place in Malta at a Masters (MSc) level. The first course will lead to an MSc in the Conservation of Decorative Architectural Surfaces, which will be open to graduates, both Maltese and foreign, from a large number of undergraduate degrees, both in the Sciences and Humanities. This teaching and training will develop in conjunction with legislative changes currently being proposed for the Malta Cultural Heritage Act 2002 (revised 2005), which, for the first time in Malta, had established a Warrant for Conservator-Restorers as mandatory for the practice of the profession in Malta. All these changes are aimed at producing professionals of international standing, capable of working in any European country, and prepared to deliver excellent service to the world of Cultural Heritage. ; N/A

Ukraines vast needs in infrastructure coupled with a constrained fiscal space require concerted efforts in strengthening public investment management. Investments in infrastructure are important for fostering economic growth. Translating public investments into assets crucially depends on how efficiently all types of public investments are management. The structure to handle PPPs is currently inadequate to access the global PPP market. Since a PPP system needs to be built on the foundations of a workable PIM system, the prospects for Ukraine attracting international standard investments from the global PPP market may appear to be out of reach for the time being. Recent reforming legislation aimed at fixing some of the issues highlighted in the 2012 PIM Assessment is encouraging but much will depend on the effectiveness of the implementation and the capacity of the institutional actors to understand and absorb them. This Assessment must by its very nature capture the situation at the time of the Assessment rather than an expectation of future potential.

Women comprise a large proportion of the agricultural labor force in Sub-Saharan Africa, ranging from 30 to 80 percent (FAO 2011). Yet women farmers are consistently found to be less productive than male farmers. The gender gap in agricultural productivity—measured by the value of agricultural produce per unit of cultivated land—ranges from 4 to 25 percent, depending on the country and the crop (World Bank and ONE 2014). This gap exists because women frequently have unequal access to key agricultural inputs such as land, labor, knowledge, fertilizer, and improved seeds. This report estimates the monetary value of the gender gap in agricultural productivity in Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda.

Part one of an interview with Dorothy Giadone Poirier. Topics include: Where in Italy her grandparents came from and what they were like. Her father's work history. What her parents were like. The foods her mother would prepare. What her parents thought when Dottie's first marriage ended and their acceptance of her new husband. Memories of her family. Dottie is half Italian and half Sicilian. What family meals were like when Dottie was growing up. How Fitchburg, MA has changed over time. Her family moved to Leominster, MA. Her father's activity in the community and in politics. Memories of working in her father's furniture store. How her father got into the business. What it was like when her father passed away. What the customers were like at the furniture store. ; 1 DOTTIE: Oh, I bumped into her a lot at [Shritzer] or whatever. SPEAKER 1: [Unintelligible - 00:00:09]. DOTTIE: Joe and Alice. SPEAKER 1: Mm-hmm. DOTTIE: A lot of times they say well, come by and have a drink before, and I say no I'm going out. Uh, so I met him in the parking lot, and he said you better not say you can't meet -- you can't come for breakfast. Oh, I says, no. I'll be there. SPEAKER 1: Okay. [Unintelligible - 00:00:27] with the Center for Italian Culture 1002, and being interviewed five minutes of eleven. So thank you, Dottie. DOTTIE: Pleasure. SPEAKER 1: So you were telling me a little bit about your father, your father Bill Giadone. DOTTIE: Yes. Yes. SPEAKER 1: And just how influential he was in Fitchburg. DOTTIE: Very, very. SPEAKER 1: Mm-hmm. Can you tell me a little bit? Mm-hmm. LINDAY: Oh yes. His grand -- his mother and father both, they were still -- I mean, they didn't die until I was, had -- I was a young adult. SPEAKER 1: Mm-hmm. DOTTIE: Uh, his father was a very typical Italian, very stern. Mother was the salt of the earth. Just a sweet lady. In fact, one time I made a comment, I says to my husband, "Gee, sorry you didn't meet my grandmother, you would have just adored her." And then I says, "My grandfather—this is no baloney—you would have gotten along good with him." So he was man's man, my grandfather. But as a child, you don't realize that and you became frightened of him. SPEAKER 1: Mm-hmm. DOTTIE: If he said be quiet, be quiet, except my younger sister. SPEAKER 1: Where did they come from? DOTTIE: My grandfather came from a small town in Sicily called [Pepepezzia]. 2 SPEAKER 1: Would you know how to spell…? DOTTIE: [Unintelligible - 00:01:43]. SPEAKER 1: Okay. So he came from Sicily? DOTTIE: Yes. SPEAKER 1: What about your grandma? DOTTIE: My grandmother also. They were both -- came over. I'm not sure of the exact -- well, maybe if we kind of -- my father was born in 1908, and he came here when he was six years old. So that was 1913? SPEAKER 1: Fourteen. DOTTIE: Fourteen, yeah. So that's when they came here. And they settled in Fitchburg, but I'm not sure exactly where they -- well, I guess at one time they lived on Hale Street when they were kids. I mean, I don't remember. I mean, back when my father was a kid. And my father went to -- I think he went to start the sixth grade, and then he left, and he worked around here in a bakery shop, I guess. I think it was Padua. And when he was 15, 16 years old, he [unintelligible - 00:02:40] something for a young fella to do that. And, I guess he went with some fellas, his friends from the area, and they got an apartment. And the reason he started shaving with a straight razor, which because every time he went to shave his razors were gone or dull or whatever. So he says I'll fix them. I'm going to learn how to shave with a straight razor. So he shaved with a straight razor up until the time he got an electric razor. SPEAKER 1: Really. DOTTIE: Yeah. So as a kid growing up, he shaved with a -- he had the strap and he shaved with a straight razor. SPEAKER 1: So you remember watching him do that? DOTTIE: Yes. Yes. And then he said that he worked his way up to bellboy, bell captain. He worked for the Yale Club in New York, and he said he got an education there as being a bellboy with the guys from Yale. Also, while he was in New York, he said he only did it for a while because the people were not clean at [unintelligible - 00:04:00]. I guess he tried everything, 3 and he says -- my mother tells the story, and she said, "Well, he gave that up quickly because someone came in that wasn't clean," so your father says, not doing this. So then he came back to Fitchburg for maybe a visit, and at the time they would have dances, and that's how he met my mother. He was running a dance thing. And he started an oil business and married in '32, so almost right away, and he had that oil business -- I want to say until [Audies], and that's when he started a furniture store. Actually, it was -- he was selling appliances. SPEAKER 1: Mm-hmm. Right on Water Street? DOTTIE: Right on Water Street. And then he had a small little store, and then he bought a larger store where we lived. The bottom part was the store, and then upstairs was -- we had a fairly large apartment. SPEAKER 1: And that was at 3 -- 320 Water Street. DOTTIE: 320 Water Street. SPEAKER 1: Now, the oil business that he started, do you remember -- do you know the name of that? DOTTIE: Yes. Giadone's. And then he also had a gas station. SPEAKER 1: Now, how did he get involved in that? Do you know? DOTTIE: I don't remember. All I know is he had the gas station and he also had the oil business. I guess he started the gas business as someplace to put his trucks. So -- and he also, I guess, they delivered ice at the time too. SPEAKER 1: Okay. Do you remember…? DOTTIE: My mother, Fiona [Barzarelli], she was in Fitchburg, and it came from [unintelligible - 00:06:01]. SPEAKER 1: Okay. So they first were connected in New York? DOTTIE: Yeah, that area. That's where -- but she was very young. When she -- my mother had a very, very hard life because her mother was paralyzed, so she had to feed and clothe my grandmother, plus she had to do all the cooking. She had two brothers that she had to do the cooking and cleaning for. SPEAKER 1: And this was in Fitchburg by that time.4 DOTTIE: This was in Fitchburg, yeah. So…. SPEAKER 1: What did her father do? DOTTIE: Her father worked at a foundry in Fitchburg [unintelligible - 00:06:35] another foundry. And he worked in the Fitchburg area. And my grandfather too. I forget where he worked, but he worked in the area. SPEAKER 1: Now, did you know them also? DOTTIE: My grandmother I didn't remember. She died when I think I was two or three years old. I mean, these are the stories that -- Alice would know my grandmother better because she was older. SPEAKER 1: Okay. And Alice…. DOTTIE: Adante, yes. SPEAKER 1: Is she a [unintelligible - 00:06:59]? I don't remember. DOTTIE: Yes. Yes. Her father and my mother were brothers and sisters, so. And we were brought up close. She has -- well, she had -- there's only three now because one passed away. She had four brothers. SPEAKER 1: Okay. DOTTIE: And her mother and my mother were very close even though they were sister-in-laws. So my mother was close with my father's sister also. SPEAKER 1: So your mother had to take care of her mother? What happened when she got married? DOTTIE: Her father lived with us. My grandfather lived with us until I think I was seven or eight years old. I remember him just a little. Then my mother's brother, the other brother, went away and came home with this cousin of theirs, and he lived with us until he passed away. And he was only a cousin, and my mother would get -- 'cause men, you know, have as they get older they get a little sloppier and stuff. So my father would [unintelligible - 00:08:04] a relative. SPEAKER 1: So was that kind of expected back then…? DOTTIE: Yes. Just take care of your mother and father. They lived, like I said, they lived with us. My father, really -- today most men I don't think put up 5 with it. But my mother took care of her parents and her cousin. I mean, they never lived alone as a couple. SPEAKER 1: Ever lived alone? DOTTIE: Nope. Because when they got married she had my grandmother, and then she had my grandfather, and then we got Renaldo, which was her cousin. Excuse me. And then the kids came along. SPEAKER 1: Now, when grandparents live with their daughter or a son, what happens when…? DOTTIE: Well, see I wasn't too young to have known that, but as far as I know it's because of the way my father was. I'm sure he made the decision. When I was -- my grandfather was a very quiet man, my mother's father, so I don't know about the mother, because like I said, I was only two or three when she died, and I don't remember her. She had arthritis; her hands were closed. But my mother said she was a strong lady as far as her personality, because she would stick a broom in her hand, you know, this way, and make sure her bed was made to her satisfaction. And my mother cooked like better than most chefs. SPEAKER 1: Your mother did? DOTTIE: Not even having recipes and stuff, and she would just -- unbelievable. My friends would say, we're going to take you to a restaurant that you're not going to complain about. And I'd say, well, okay. But even today, to this day I go out and I still complain about where we've been and what we've -- you know, the food is not -- like I said, my mother was such a good cook. SPEAKER 1: Give me some examples of what she would cook. DOTTIE: Anything. I mean, we never had -- I mean, I'd come home and her dining room buffet would be covered with all kinds of pastries. I'd go, "Ma, we having company?" And she says, "No, I felt like baking," and she baked, but every night we had some form of pasta, because my father liked a little dish of pasta, or it would be soup or a little dish of spaghetti. But he always had to have his meat and vegetables and salads. We always had a balanced meal, and we didn't even know it because, we'd have the pasta 6 first, and then we'd have meat, and vegetables and we'd have salad last. And we'd have dessert. And that was -- I mean, that's how we ate. I mean, when the holidays came around, I mean, we had a little more, but every -- they would say, do you eat like that all the time? And we'd say, what do you mean? We just took that for granted because that's how my mother cooked. My father didn't like leftovers. So if he had a meeting or something, she would call my friends and say come for supper, and we're having leftovers, and my girlfriend's husband says, Fiona's leftovers are better than most restaurants' first course. So they came. I mean, she'd switch around, right. She'd call Tommy and [unintelligible - 00:11:39] and say come for supper, and my father didn't like beef stew or stuff like that. So if he was going to be away or a meeting or going to go to a convention or something, we would have that when my father wasn't around. So she would do things that. I mean, she pleased my father -- my father came first. If my father -- we would have the store closed at 6:00 so we would have dinner at 6:30. So my father got stuck with a customer, we would not eat until my father came home. So it was -- we had sat down to have dinner every night together. And when I started working at the store and then my father would say, he'd start talking about business and then I'd start clearing the table and my mother would say, "Well, I'm not done." I'd say, "Well, I am," because she would, you know, I would say, "Dad, you know what? You're a great father, but a boss, you leave a lot to be desired." SPEAKER 1: And how did he…? DOTTIE: He laughed. But he was an ace. Oh, you're lucky [unintelligible - 00:12:47]. "What are you, crazy? I can't take a day off." The day off I get is the day I have. I can't take just the day off and tell him I'm going shopping. What are you, crazy? Well, play sick. I live at home. How can I play sick? SPEAKER 1: But you stayed? 7 DOTTIE: Yeah. Stayed there until I got married. So I mean, you do what you do because -- we had a girl working for us, and she would be black and blue because my father would go -- he would start, you know, you didn't do this right, you didn't do that right, and I'd be pitching it because I didn't want to answer him. And so she'd go, "He's your father." I'd go, but he's wrong. I'd be, "Josie, if he's told you this was black and it was white and you would say, 'Yes, Bill, you're right.'" I'd go, "Josie, that's not right." And she'd say, "But he's your father and he's your boss. You've got to say yes," and I'd go, I can't do this. SPEAKER 1: But evidently he liked having you around. DOTTIE: God, yes, because we argued, but we still, you know, he would say, "Well, my daughter will -- she'll pick out the colors for you, and she'll do, you know, whatever," but he was tough. But I loved him dearly. I mean, he was, you know -- my first husband I separated from and I started to date Teddy, and I wasn't really -- your father that you're dating again. You know, I'm in my 30s now, I mean, I'm still -- but you know what they got you over here. SPEAKER 1: [Unintelligible - 00:14:35]? DOTTIE: Yep. So I go and I tell -- I said, "Dad, I'm dating," and he says, "Yes, I know." I mean, who told you? He says nobody. He says your whole personality changed. SPEAKER 1: And he waited for you to say. DOTTIE: Yes. But I, you know, if you think they don't. You think they don't know you but they do. LINSAY: Now, did you move back in with your parents when you got separated? DOTTIE: Yes, I did. But I got separated and I went back home, and then we got together again and we went back to an apartment, and then the second time I just stayed in the apartment. SPEAKER 1: What did your parents think of your getting separated? DOTTIE: Well, they were glad because they didn't really like him. Teddy, they adored. Teddy they adored, because he was wonderful to my parents. He 8 was absolutely -- if he did nothing else for me he was just wonderful to my parents. To me, it was important. I mean, he -- my father called him and said I have to go here. He'd go, "Okay, Bill. When?" and I'll pick you up and whatever. He would do that. And my mother by then was in a nursing home. Before that, he just loved her. So he, you know, would take her out to dinner, and she just loved that, because my father was always busy with other things, and so we'd take her. And she just, you know, she just thought Teddy was -- she'd say, I want to go somewhere that we don't bump into someone he knows, because he was that type of person. If he didn't know someone when we walked into the place, he knew them when we left. That's sure. I actually believe, and the reason it's felt that way is because when -- I think they had a French priest that baptized my mother, and he couldn't -- that was how he felt it. So that's how -- the only other person that has that name is a cousin. SPEAKER 1: And was she named after her? DOTTIE: I think maybe she -- her real name is Virginia. In fact when people refer to her as Virginia… but you knew her as, you know, we always called her [Bunah]. SPEAKER 1: But her first name is Virginia? JENNIEFER: Yes. SPEAKER 1: Okay. DOTTIE: And she was -- her father died before she was born, which was my mother's brother. My mother had two brothers, and the two brothers had large families. Alice comes from -- which there was five and the other was eight. And this last one that was born was the Balderelli, but she never met her father because he died before she was born. The mother was pregnant for him when he died. That's a large family. And my mother's nieces and nephews were all close. They would all stop by and see her -- not every day, but three of the girls were -- I mean, they would come at least once a week to see her. SPEAKER 1: Now, what made them so close?9 DOTTIE: My mother -- one of my mother's niece was getting married and the father didn't approve, so my mother and father did the wedding for them. And for one reason or another, she was -- but even the guys would -- one of the guys worked for my father, and we'd just -- I don't know, I just can't explain it. And my father's family too, we were close, too. I never had any brothers, and my two cousins on my father's side are the brothers that I never had. During the holidays, my father's -- not so much the Balderellis because they were such a large family and they, you know, they but on the holidays, my father's brother and sister, we would always get together on Christmas Eve, and then it got to be too much for my mother, and then one of my cousins took over on Christmas Eve over at his house. And then as we got older, everybody, you know, got their own family. So we started to go to my sister's home. SPEAKER 1: Now, did your mother work? DOTTIE: She worked at the store. UNKNOWN: She also worked at home. DOTTIE: My father never had her on the payroll until later, until the doctor says, you know what, she works as hard as anybody, in fact, when the help saw my mother come, they'd go, oh, my God. She would work as hard as anybody. She cleaned the store. She decorated the store. She did the windows until later on. I mean, she worked as hard, so when she became -- when it came time for her to collect Social Security, they came and interviewed me. I and her. So this little twirp, I said, would you fire your mother? He's such a -- he's so -- he didn't even ask for help if she came into work. I mean, we weren't lying. She worked there as hard as anybody else. SPEAKER 1: But there wasn't any record? DOTTIE: There wasn't any record until later on when he put on her the payroll, but it wasn't really a record type thing. So they said, well, she never -- I says, well she worked harder here than most of us did. SPEAKER 1: So you mentioned the doctor? 10 DOTTIE: Dr. Silva was a close friend of my father's, and he said you should have her on the books because she's there as much as anybody. And so my father said, yeah, you're right. So he put her on his, you know, in [unintelligible - 00:20:43]. SPEAKER 1: So how did you mother feel about that? Was that kind of liberating, or…? DOTTIE: No. She didn't care one way or another. I mean, my father paid for everything. You know, we would just, you know, he would -- my mother'd go uptown and she'd, you know, the [unintelligible - 00:20:58] charges all over. And so she says your father is gonna complain. I says, "Ma, if you spend $5 or $500, he's going to complain. So spend the $500. He's going to complain one way or another." I says, "Ma, he's been saying that since you've been married he's going to shut your account. Did he ever do it? No, he's not going to do it." SPEAKER 1: Before we turn the recorder on, you had mentioned that you're half Italian, half Sicilian. DOTTIE: Yes. SPEAKER 1: So tell me about that. DOTTIE: I mean, I never thought about it. I just said, if anybody asked me what I was, I would say I'm Italian. And so I still say I'm Italian. But people who live in Sicily and other -- see, they figure that's the boot part and we're close to Africa. It was just a big joke. And it still is. But I feel that I'm Italian, and in my heart I know I am. So I say I'm half [Mathogen] and half Sicilian, which I am. And I'm proud of my heritage. SPEAKER 1: Mm-hmm. So if you could think of what attributes are given to the Sicilians? DOTTIE: I don't know. I just think that what I could -- the only thing I could see is because my mother is such a good cook, and that's one thing, and my father was forceful in his -- and that's how I perceive to be a Sicilian. They're kind of, you know, forceful. And the [Mathies] are on the quiet side because my uncles were quiet. Well, I don't remember the one that 11 died early, but my other uncle was just this solemn man and just a sweetheart. I mean, just [unintelligible - 00:22:44]. SPEAKER 1: Was there any good-natured jesting done? DOTTIE: Yes. SPEAKER 1: You know, about being Sicilian in the house. DOTTIE: Oh yes. Oh god, between my Uncle Jeff, you're lucky that my sister married you and you're Sicilian, you're up close to Africa. I mean, just jokingly, you know. But when my uncle was [unintelligible - 00:23:06] took sick, he and my father went on a trip for almost two months. They toured the United States, and my father would say, "Oh my god, if you stopped in this restaurant and your uncle looked at it, he'd say we're not eating here." He said, he'd be starving but if he didn't like the looks of it, he said we'd have to drive another 50 miles. SPEAKER 1: So food was very important? DOTTIE: Yes. SPEAKER 1: To the family? DOTTIE: Yes. My uncle married a French woman, and she cooked as good as my mother. Alice's mother is French. And she was as good a cook as my mother. SPEAKER 1: Tell me about the preparation of the food and the table, you get the impression all of that is very important, the presentation. DOTTIE: Yeah. When I tell you it's -- another thing my mother had a knack to do, if my father came home with five extra people for dinner and didn't call my mother, there was still enough food to serve these people. If he phoned after a meeting with people, my mother would put out a spread, and I'd look at sisters and say, where did she get that? She just had a knack of, you know, putting things together and making it look beautiful. In fact, my husband did all the cooking and I set the table so it looked pretty. SPEAKER 1: But did your mother also set the table each day too? DOTTIE: Well, I guess, us kids did that. But it was -- when we all sat down to dinner together, both sisters got married early so there was -- if I was 12 working she'd say, okay, and I was living in my own apartment, she says, "Well, come for supper before you go home," and I'd say, yeah okay. My sisters say, "Oh, you're lazy. You don't want to cook." I'd go, yep, you're right. So she would make sure that we stopped at least two or three nights, and most of the time if it was someone's birthday, she would have us all for dinner and cook our special, whatever we liked. And it was obvious whoever's birthday it was, and most of the time it was one of the other sisters that was there. So one night we're all there and my father says, whose birthday is it because nobody assisted, and we called everybody. But most of the time, I mean, she'd -- I mean, she could have 10 people at dinner and think nothing of it. SPEAKER 1: So there was always enough to eat? DOTTIE: Oh. If you asked my mother if you wanted her to go shopping at [Filene's] or go to a gourmet grocery store, she'd say I want to go to the gourmet grocery store. I mean, she -- I'm going into Boston in the north end and like to try different -- she says, "Okay, I got to go to the grocery store before you take me home." I said I just got to go in for a loaf of bread and she'd be in there an hour. I'd say, "Ma, Ma, you said a loaf of bread." "Well, I decided I need to get this, this, and this." Mm-hmm. Things that people consider gourmet now. We had polentas growing up. We had risotto growing up. We had baked Alaska pie growing up. I mean, we had lobster [nugood]. We had baked stuffed lobster. We had razor clams. Some people don't even know what razor clams are today. SPEAKER 1: Tell me, how would she make those? I'm familiar with them. DOTTIE: Razor clams. She would just -- what she would do is steam them first, take the, you know, the clams out and then chop them up and make stuffing with it, and then put them back in the shell and put a little bread crumbs and bake them in the oven. I think they were absolutely delicious. I'm telling my husband about razor clams, he says, "I've never hear of razor clams." We're at the [unintelligible - 00:27:18] walk in the beach 13 and I said see, see that, see that clam? That's a razor clam. Of course, I think you had to -- I hadn't seen them in years. SPEAKER 1: I never see them in the stores. I've seen them at the beach. DOTTIE: Yeah. I've never, ever seen them -- I haven't seen them in the stores for years. And another thing is that -- well, she didn't do this because there were certain things that she didn't make. Uncle did. SPEAKER 1: French uncle? DOTTIE: No, my Italian uncle on my father's sister's husband. I think he was from Poland. My middle sister was the finicky eater. I mean, my father would say, "Barbara, have a little wine." "But daddy, I don't like it." "Honey, just try the wine, it'd do you good." So, but my sister and I would, you know, we always had the wine and the champagne. We've had the, you know, he always made sure we had a little just so that when we were older that we were accustomed to drinking and we didn't go out, and you know, and the cabinets would be -- whatever was in the house would be open to all of us. All of us. So now my sister gets married and she lives upstairs from my aunt and uncle, and she called and said, "Oh, Uncle Charlie made me --" we called them "babaluccis" in Italian, and I said, oh yeah. My sister says, "That's nice, thank you. Bye," and hung up. I called and I said, "Uncle Charlie, you like Barbara better than me." He says, no honey—because he had an accent—I like you both the same. I said nope. Oh no, he says, I like you both. I said, well, you make Barbara babaluccis and I didn't get any. The next day I had a pair. SPEAKER 1: What are babaluccis. DOTTIE: They're the snails. They're little snails -- he used to do them in a sauce that was absolutely delicious. And another thing my mother never made was tripe. And I never had it because I didn't like the smell. My grandmother would cook it and it was ugh. It was bad. They bought it and they had to clean it, and it was terrible. So now I used to have to go with Teddy, and we'd go out and they have tripe. I got ugh. So he goes, try it. So I say okay. I tried it. Delicious. Now, my aunt's sister-in-law 14 comes from New Jersey, and she makes a whole batch for my husband, but my mother still never cooked that. That was one thing she never cooked, and baccala. But 99 percent of everything else, she did, so. My favorite was that she used to do this roast pork with the center cut that she used to have, then we cut the bone so that we could have the bone. We would fight for the pork, so she'd make sure that we'd all get a piece of it. But that was my favorite, favorite dish that she did. SPEAKER 1: Now, I know that everyone would sit at the table. Was your father given priority, first serving? DOTTIE: He was given the first serving, but we all had -- the only thing that we didn't have that he had because we didn't like it was liver, because he liked liver occasionally. But he was served first. But whatever he had, we had. And the other thing, I don't think as kids, we didn't like lamb chops, so my mother would make something else for us. But now lamb is my favorite meal now. But you know, like I said whatever my father had, we had. Nothing was taken from us. I mean, he would serve for us. But if he had steak, we had steak. I mean, we'd choose not to have it. That was because didn't want it. But I have a friend that came from a family of nine, and father would have butter and the kids would have margarine, and so we said that if he could have steak and the kids would have something else, and so we had a brother, so this brother says, "When am I going to have this steak and butter?" He says when you start to work, and you know, contribute. They came home and he says, well, here's my money I want steak and butter or whatever, and the father says, oh no, some of it's for your room, some of it's for the clothes, and some of it's for this. You still don't have enough money for steak. SPEAKER 1: Now, who served the food at the table? DOTTIE: My mother never sat down. She did. I should say she was always on the edge. My father -- we always ate in the dining room in Leominster because we'd -- I'd say 90 percent of the time -- we had a large kitchen but my father felt claustrophobic, so 90 percent of the time we ate in the 15 dining room because it was it the stove and this thing was here and the dining room was here. So it was actually closer to the dining room than it was to go across the kitchen to the other part. But my mother served. SPEAKER 1: Now, would your father…? DOTTIE: It didn't matter. No. It didn't matter. SPEAKER 1: You know what I want to do? It's because just that you're… DOTTIE: Sure. I'm sorry. SPEAKER 1: No, right here, because you're… DOTTIE: Oh, I'm sorry. SPEAKER 1: No. It's all right. I'm just afraid it will [unintelligible - 00:33:02]. Okay. Back to your father. Do you have any idea why his parents chose Fitchburg? DOTTIE: They must have had friends here. Not really. No. I don't know why they really, no, I don't -- no, I don't. No, I don't remember hearing why they choose here. SPEAKER 1: And also, but I think the recorder wasn't on; you were talking about an experience… DOTTIE: They just said that it was tough growing up because they originally -- they lived in the patch, which is considered Italian when they were growing up. First it was Irish, and then they moved out and then the Italians moved in, and they moved out. Now I think it's the Puerto Ricans that live mostly in that area. I don't think there's anybody left even down, you know, beyond it, because this is Water Street, and down this way almost every house was Italian. SPEAKER 1: Well, there's Doris… DOTTIE: Oh yeah, she's still there. Yeah, she's still there. I forgot. Yes, she is. She lives down Railroad Street. Yes. Lovely lady. I mean, you see her, she makes you feel she's so happy to see you. She comes and gives you -- so good to see you. SPEAKER 1: She's special. DOTTIE: Yes, she really is. 16 SPEAKER 1: So do you remember any…? DOTTIE: All I can remember is that, you know, I grew up there. I worked there, and so I was, you know, eight years ago. So I was there, you know, all my life, and you see the changes as, you know, you grow up but… SPEAKER 1: So tell me about the changes. DOTTIE: Well, you could walk down the street, and you know, you knew everybody, and it was amazing how many [unintelligible - 00:34:57] that was on that street growing up, and each one of them -- I don't know how they survived, because each one of them had a large family, and there must have been a dozen stores from 5th Street to 1st Street. And they had -- there was [colors] and there was the [Cabones], there was [Ilinestis]. There was another two Cabones. There was a [Casthetes]. There was a Gloria chain, which is -- I still, I don't know if they should have one in Leominster too, but part of the Gloria chain was in where our store is now. It was -- my father's furniture store originally was built as the garage where they would park cars. And when we were across the street, he bought this building, and he converted it into a furniture store. And one time, Coca-Cola had rented the warehouse, and they had 12 trucks on the roof of this building. The building is still standing very, very strong. Some of the parts of the building are fallout shelters. That's how -- 'cause it was built so well. And it is -- it [unintelligible - 00:36:37] Water Street up to Spruce Street up to Hale Street, 'cause when you look at the building in the front, it doesn't appear to be latched. It goes all the way up to Spruce Street and Hale. Spuce Street is the street just before the store. Okay. And Hale Street is the street that runs parallel with Water Street. So that building goes all the way up to Hale Street. SPEAKER 1: And you mentioned that it was a fall out? DOTTIE: Part of it is. SPEAKER 1: Wow. Yeah. And when did that come about? DOTTIE: Well, I think World War II. They came in and they, you know, they check out the buildings and stuff and put up these things. 1953, that's when he 17 converted the garage into the store because, well, right now, if you were to go in there the ceilings don't appear high, but there is six more feet. They dropped the ceiling. Or they dropped it to a, you know, a fall ceiling. But beyond that there's six more feet. SPEAKER 1: I thought you just mentioned -- were those grocery stores? DOTTIE: Yes, they were little groceries, and… SPEAKER 1: Your mother must have been in heaven. DOTTIE: She did -- she [unintelligible - 00:37:49] I said no. I'm going to a different store. Well, this one has this one in her [unintelligible - 00:37:53], and as they stopped, you know, maybe they'll pass away or whatever, they, you know, they spaced up, because there's nothing on there now. There's not a grocery store on Water Street now. Maybe there is, but up for a -- but after they stopped existing -- she bought very, very little meat from the supermarkets. She bought it from Sal's Grocery Store up in -- they would deliver to -- 'cause I've been everywhere in Leominster. They would deliver to the store, then we'd take it. I would say, "I want a pound of this, I want a pound of that. I want two pounds," whatever she wants, she'd give them an order and he'd deliver it. SPEAKER 1: So they still have these grocery stores, they weren't run by the -- they were run from daughters? DOTTIE: Maybe, not really, no. I can just remember just one. It was -- he adopted, but it was not even a son. It was someone that worked for him, but he ran it for a while. And it's actually a parking lot now of this [unintelligible - 00:39:04]. There was a grocery store there in the building up above it. I mean, they had like tenement houses that we needed parking lots, so then my father bought that building and tore it down. SPEAKER 1: Know everyone who lived in the patch more or less. DOTTIE: More or less. In fact, it was about -- I wanna say 12 years ago, they had a patch reunion, and it was wonderful. They had, you know, it was some people you hadn't see in years and wonderful. We should do it again, of 18 course. It's a lot of work, but no one has, you know, taken any initiative and done it again. SPEAKER 1: Did anyone take pictures? DOTTIE: But I do remember, I had this lady, this Mrs. [Impressor], was just a sweetheart of a lady and sometimes she would just come in the store just to fill her -- she was turning 100, and [unintelligible - 00:40:01] called me. She says, "Dottie, how come you haven't sent in your return?" I says, I was hurt, because one of my girlfriends got invited, and I says, I wonder why [unintelligible - 00:40:11] sisters, Dottie? How come you didn't send in the return?" I says, 'cause I didn't get -- that was when, again all Italians were there, so it was, I went to a wedding and hadn't seen people in a lot of years. SPEAKER 1: So do you remember who the organizers were of the class reunion? I may like to talk to them. DOTTIE: I'm going to say Marie Cabone had something to do with it, but that's not her married name, her married name is… SPEAKER 1: We can get it later. DOTTIE: Okay. She may have had something to do with it. I'm not sure. SPEAKER 1: So tell me about the changes in the patch. So when did… DOTTIE: Interesting. You know what? You go to work every day you're going to see some things -- I want to say it started to change -- my aunt was walking down in front of the store, someone knocked her down and stole her bag. I says, I don't this believe this happening. First of all, it's my aunt, and second of all, in front of our store, so that was heartbreaking. SPEAKER 1: When was that about? DOTTIE: I want to say maybe 30 years ago. SPEAKER 1: Wow. DOTTIE: Time goes by so fast, because my aunt's been dead since I want to say '80. Time goes by so fast, maybe it was 25 years ago. At that time they'd leave the doors open, and you know, you never locked your doors or anything. You never thought about it, never thought about having an alarm system.19 SPEAKER 1: Did you ever [unintelligible - 00:41:57]? DOTTIE: No. First of all to let the store, anything [unintelligible - 00:42:04] built a store for furniture must be, and we had it, so we just -- fortunately we had a good clientele, and things were, you know, we were all right as far as, you know, our customers would come in and we'd advertise, so it was fine up until [unintelligible - 00:42:27] and then it just wasn't fun anymore. SPEAKER 1: Did your parents continue living about? DOTTIE: No, no, we moved to Leominster when I was… and we moved to… SPEAKER 1: Why was that done? DOTTIE: Why was that done? Well, my father and mother needed -- they bought the land on I'd say Ellis Street, and at that time my uncle, who was a plasterer and bricklayer, came and said to my father and mother there's a beautiful house in Leominster that's for sale. It's only six months old, and my father and mother went to look at it, and they fell in love with it because it was -- it is a brick Tudor, I want to say an English Tudor. And it was at that time one of the nicest houses in Leominster. So they got it for a good deal so they bought it. SPEAKER 1: Did life change after moving from [unintelligible - 00:43:32] Street? DOTTIE: No, because we still went to church in Fitchburg, I still worked, all my friends were in Fitchburg, I went to school in Fitchburg. In fact, someone said to me later on in life Dottie, how do you like living in Leominster, I said I've lived here most of my life, they said you wouldn't think so. In fact, up until a few years ago, people would ask me where I was from and I would say Fitchburg, and I'd say -- now I'd tell them I'm from Leominster because things have changed you know, it's a different… it's changed immensely. It's not the small community that it was. In fact, up until I worked, because I had property in Fitchburg I voted in Fitchburg up until ten years ago. SPEAKER 1: Ten years ago.20 DOTTIE: I would say. Of course I wasn't active like I was when I was working. I belonged to the Chamber of Commerce; I belonged to the government stations. And when you retire, you get away from that, and it isn't as… see, my father was active in everything, he was active in politics, he was active in the community, he was active in the church, he was active in the Sons of Italy, he was active in politics, so he was very active in the community. In fact he and a couple of his friends were instrumental in him getting elected mayor. SPEAKER 1: So he was instrumental with that. DOTTIE: They were very good friends, yep. In fact he was instrumental in John Volpe becoming governor. SPEAKER 1: Really? Tell me about that. DOTTIE: He and John Volpe became friendly when they belonged to the Sons of Italy on a state level. So John Volpe called my father and said to him, "I am running for governor," and "Can you help?" My father said sure. So he called one of his, campaign manager called my father and he says, "We're coming into Fitchburg on Monday, can you introduce him to -- or can I introduce him to a lot of people in a short period of time?" So he actually closed the store down and had every one of us call our friends, customers that we thought would come, and he had open house at his house. And at that time, well he still, he belonged to the Rotary and he belonged to… I don't know if he belonged to [unintelligible - 00:46:19] we got the book and we just called people up and said… I'm not Republican, they said we don't care, just come, we want faces, a lot of people. So we booked. It was the early part of June so he says we'll have it outside, and at that time there was too many people and it wasn't enough time, so we had to have it catered. 21 So I called the caterer, he had all the summer furniture in the store delivered to the house and was going to have it outside. Well, it poured like you can't believe. We had tons and tons of people still and he called my father a few days later and he says Bill, if I have six friends like you throughout the state I'll be elected, and he was elected. SPEAKER 1: [Unintelligible - 00:47:07]. DOTTIE: No, the only job my father ever got for that was -- and because Joe Adante asked him to take it was to be on the Board of [unintelligible - 00:47:18] and so he took that. The only thing he go from helping so much was people would come in and say can you get me a low number plate, and he would buy the letter, and I got a low number plate. In fact because sometimes you don't think, I got my number plate is 99G, so I got that. But the woman that did it had to do some research because it was the ninth month, the ninth day in [unintelligible - 00:47:54]. And my father had -- in fact my brother-in-law still had, it's 52W, he was 52 years old [unintelligible - 00:48:03] the first time. He had 52W. So now he's running again, and Joe Ward is running against him, and he's from Fitchburg. My father, I says, "Are you crazy? You can't go out and campaign for him," I said, "It's suicide." I said, "You have a business." He said, "I also have the right to choose who I want to vote for." So he called up Joe Ward and he says to him, "Joe, I've known you for a good many years, but you know my affiliation with John. We've been friends for years. I would say that if John wasn't running I would help you campaign." He says, "I can't thank you enough for calling, and I still think you're gentleman." He also was Republican chairman in Fitchburg and Leominster area for a long time. SPEAKER 1: Who was? DOTTIE: My father. SPEAKER 1: Your father? DOTTIE: Yeah.22 SPEAKER 1: How did he get involved in politics? DOTTIE: Well, because [unintelligible - 00:49:15] like Pete Levante was running for mayor. That way, he was active with -- he'd gotten involved with John Volpe, and then he just was campaigning, he was Republican chairman for a long time in Fitchburg and Leominster area. That's how he got involved in it. And he would always take people home to the house and we got involved in it. This is changing the subject because he would say yes to you, if someone asked him something and he couldn't do, well he could do it, but to take someone somewhere he'd say yes that's fine, we'll do it. He'd say, "Dorothy, do this," and I'd get angry and I'd say I can't make a decision on my own, but I always had a -- especially with the nuns, when I was young they didn't drive, they didn't have their own car. So if they had to go somewhere, they would rely on the community of, you know, our parish to take them somewhere. Because we always had two cars, they would call my father and say I have to go such and such a place. "No problem. Dorothy, take them." I'd say, "Why do you do that?" He says, "What do you mean why do I do what?" Make decisions for me. He says "I don't make decisions, you do." But it was fun. One time he called me from Florida and said you have to be in so-and-so's wedding. I says dad, I don't know them. He said that's all right. I knew the family but I didn't really know, you know I didn't know the bride at all. He said that's all right, I do. I said but dad, I'm already in five weddings, I can't afford it. He said that's all right, I'll pay for it. So I'm in this wedding, didn't really -- well, I knew the guy that was with me because it was, you know, I knew the family, but the bride and groom. Marty's father, you know Pete Levante, was because most of them were Italian, he was invited to all of the weddings, but he says Dorothy, I says what, he says, you're doing this for a living. My sisters were quiet and 23 they never worked at the store. I should say my middle sister's quiet, my other sister, we call her Mouth because she has to have last lip Susie, she has to have the last word. SPEAKER 1: And from the church, your father was involved with the church also? DOTTIE: He was, you know he'd collect on Sundays, and also if they needed money they'd come and he'd help collect. When I was young they used to have these carnivals or you know when they have people at merry go rounds with stuff. SPEAKER 1: Like an amusement… DOTTIE: Thank you, yes. And they would run those in summer months, and he became very friendly with the pastor. In fact they would go away for a few -- you know, like to go to Florida. My mother wouldn't go because she had us kids, and so my father would go with the priest. SPEAKER 1: And what was his name? DOTTIE: Father [Campanelli]. He ended up being in Worcester, he was Monsignor Campanelli. And we had Father John Capolano who was at our parish for a long time. So one time I said can I have a new dress, not this week, "Well if Father John came and asked you for money you'd give it to him." He'd say, "Listen here, young lady, anything I gave to the church I always got back tenfold." So he was, you know [unintelligible - 00:53:00] he was involved with that. But I was baptized, communion, confirmation, got married out of there, probably die and be buried out of there. So definitely, definitely. SPEAKER 1: Do you think… DOTTIE: That generation, the men were superior. I have two cousins that my father treated, I mean he was wonderful to us, but he treated these guys like they were his sons. And he was just good to them. In fact one of them worked for him for quite awhile, and he's a multimillionaire now in Leominster. SPEAKER 1: Who's that?24 DOTTIE: Charles Tito. But he started with my father, and his brother worked for -- no, Sam never worked for us, maybe on the summer or something. I was close with them, just thought these guys were the best. SPEAKER 1: Was education? DOTTIE: Yes, but he never had it. But he thought it should be, you know, you should have -- in fact I could have gone longer but I chose not to. Then after, two or three years later I decided, I said I think I want to -- he said well if you want to go back you've got to pay. I said well if the [unintelligible - 00:54:39]. SPEAKER 1: Was it an option for you to work at the store or was it just assumed? DOTTIE: Assumed. Because first of all if I had left, when I left [Deed], I should have gone to work out of town for a few years just to get an idea of how things are run differently. But it was assumed that I would come to the store and stay there. Everything. I said it's a good thing I wasn't a boy because… no, good thing I never learned how to drive the truck, because if I did he would have sent me out on the truck too, because I did everything there. I mean, you didn't say, you know, when you go to a store today they go that's not my department or that's not my job. Those words did not exist with my father. I'll never forget one time he says to me call this person up, they owe us money. I says, okay, "Hello, Mrs. Jones or Mr. [unintelligible - 00:55:49]?" And he says, "You haven't been in for a while," and he hung up. So I said he hung up on me, I mean no one ever did that to me. So he said call him back. He says, "If you don't stop calling me back, I'm going to come down and hit you with a baseball bat." Well, I mean I started to cry. My father said, "Give me that phone." But then after a while you learn how… I mean, if he did that to me now I'd say go ahead, come, I'll have one too. 25 But as a kid, I mean first of all you wouldn't talk to anybody that way, we weren't brought up -- I mean, even to this day you know how you see policemen you get nervous, you were always brought up to respect your elders and authority. But today, you know, even like if you said the teacher said this, you never went home and said the teacher said this because they'd say whatever you did you deserved it. But today… I have a friend that's a teacher. He came in the store and his hands were all scratched. I says, "What happened to you." He says, "I was taking a second grader to the principal and he was scratching me." SPEAKER 1: That would have been unheard of? DOTTIE: You would never, ever. I mean, if the teacher said whatever, you never went home and said the teacher said or did whatever, because they were always right no matter what. SPEAKER 1: Did you ever feel that you were treated differently? DOTTIE: I'll tell you what, because all my friends were Italian. In fact, I told this to Alice just recently. I says I was blessed because there's a big difference between my sister and I, there's like almost eight years difference. I was the first girl born in the family, I was the first child born in my mother and father's close friends. So I was [unintelligible - 00:57:55]. I had grandparents that weren't my grandparents that, you know, my mother and father's friend's parents, I mean they couldn't treat me any better if I was their grandchildren. Back then grandchildren missed out because they passed away before, you know, they had kids. So I had -- everybody was my, you know, I was loved a lot, my uncles, my father's friends, my aunt. Like I said I was the first girl in the family. My aunt had two boys, but I was the only girl. And the others didn't have children until later on, so I came along and my sisters came later. And my father wasn't as busy when I was born. And as my sisters came along, he became more and more active in the community. In fact he was even 26 president -- not president, he was treasurer of the Boy Scouts in Nashoba Valley, and he never had any boys. SPEAKER 1: So it seems as though he… DOTTIE: That's right, he was always, he was president of the Chamber of Commerce a couple of times, he was involved with Rotary. SPEAKER 1: What was that about him? DOTTIE: He liked people. He liked to be active. He liked to be busy. See, that was his hobby more or less because he didn't golf, he didn't do any of those things. So he kept busy and active in politics and whatnot. SPEAKER 1: Did he ever have a talk with you as far as being [unintelligible - 00:59:42]? DOTTIE: Maybe we just kind of -- no, I don't think so. I think he just took it for granted that, you know, it was amazing how far he came, he had a lot of foresight because he took chances where, you know, it was unheard of. Like he bought this building that was like a shell, and he -- the man that built was… bought it to… he built it to park cars and it… and my father turned around and he said, "Well we could put a store there, right?" and he did. SPEAKER 1: Well, how did he get involved in the furniture business? DOTTIE: He started with the oil business, then from the oil business he started -- he went to school to learn how to install burners, you know oil burners, 'cause he was selling the oil then he needed the burners. Then from that there he started to sell appliances, and from appliances he started to -- you know, furniture, you know, little by little, and then he would go to the furniture shows and started the [unintelligible - 01:00:55]. SPEAKER 1: Did he have [unintelligible - 01:00:58]. DOTTIE: No. SPEAKER 1: No. DOTTIE: People would say, "Oh yeah, he had [unintelligible - 01:01:02]." No. One time he went to the bank to borrow money because he didn't have -- he wanted to buy I think a car load of, I don't know, refrigerators or 27 something, and he went to borrow I want to say a thousand dollars. I don't remember the exact amount. And because he was not really established, they said no. And he -- the doctor that was friendly with us, he loaned him the money. SPEAKER 1: What was his name again? DOTTIE: The house. But she was -- I said why don't you use this. Oh I can do it quicker. SPEAKER 1: Yeah, I think sometimes, you know, by the time you rent [unintelligible - 01:01:46] you know. Anyway, we just had to replace the batteries, and now we're back in business. So you said -- you were talking about your father and the furniture business, how the doctor helped him, loaned him money. DOTTIE: Yes, and he paid him back, and then they remained… he was like a brother… they were the closest thing to a brother. I mean, he was Jewish, and -- but they really remained friends until they both passed away. SPEAKER 1: Really? DOTTIE: Yes. He was -- in fact, on Christmas day my father and I would… we would go to visit them, bring a gift to both of them, he and his wife, and we would have coffee or whatever on Christmas. We would do that Christmas morning, or was it before? I can't remember if it was Christmas morning or just before Christmas, because -- I mean, they just were you know… he never ever did, never! He had, you know, basically the same friends that he had all his life. [Unintelligible - 01:03:01] too. Where I have, you know, the same friends as we had since I was a kid, I don't -- you know, you acquire a few on the way, but basically the same people I've been involved with most of my life. Well, of course I never… I never moved out of the area, so… My sister one time said that if I was on welfare, I would still be a millionaire because of my friends. Yes, yes. So like I said feel I've been blessed in 28 that respect. Priest last night says how would I want to be remembered? I want to be remembered that I loved and I was loved. SPEAKER 1: Yes, that's… DOTTIE: Well, if you really want to make money you can make money. But I think friendship is more important than anything, because you can't buy that. 'Cause once the money is gone, the people that you bought are gone. You have money going up and you don't coming down and you have true friends; your friends are going to be there for you. Not really, no, I think that's an individual thing. I don't know, 'cause I -- first of all I think because my mother and father always entertained, I tend to still do that. I don't do it as much because my husband was the one that did the cooking and stuff, so not a lot of, you know, people coming into dinner and… SPEAKER 1: You and me. DOTTIE: I mean we would have brunches like, we'd invite half the, you know, the complex. I mean… SPEAKER 1: Did you live in Maine or was that… DOTTIE: We just had a summer -- I mean, it was the condo that we would go in, in the winter months, but not like going in the summer. We would still just go on the weekends. But I would take Saturday… I'd work Saturday and leave Saturday, and then I would take Monday and Tuesday off instead of taking a -- sometimes I would take a couple of weeks, but towards the end we just would take longer weekends [unintelligible - 01:05:21]. So we had it up until… I sold it -- it's going to be three years. We were together about 25 years but legally married about 12, I guess. Eighty-four, but he was just a -- like I said, like the people that we went last night to the funeral, they said we were just talking about Teddy Christmas time. He was the type that -- like I said, he would holler and scream, but that would be over within two seconds. And I mean, he just 29 [unintelligible - 01:06:00] go get him, give him a cup of coffee, get him a drink, do this. I think so. I'm not so much as business-minded, but personality wise I think he had a lot of my father's traits because they all, they both like people. SPEAKER 1: [Unintelligible - 01:06:20] furniture store? DOTTIE: He was actually a leather [unintelligible - 01:06:25] he managed -- he was bartender and he managed it. It was at that -- right now it's where the weather vane is. It used to be called King's Corner, and he worked there for a good many -- but he looked after when my father passed away and I had to run the store so he would come in to help out, but not really work at it. But he helped out. SPEAKER 1: When did your father pass away? DOTTIE: 1984, the year I got married. SPEAKER 1: Oh. [Unintelligible - 01:06:54] DOTTIE: Yes, yes, yes. SPEAKER 1: What was that like? DOTTIE: That was not as enjoyable, because first of all I loved, I loved to wait on customers, and you know, sew and decorate. That was my forte. Than I had to worry about bills, I had to worry about hiring, I had to worry about firing, I had to worry, had to -- all the responsibilities that go with running a business, and it wasn't as fun. One time Teddy said I stopped doing that because it wasn't fun. I guess it comes to that point when you realize, 'cause I -- you know, sometimes it's "Oh, I hate going to work, I hate it, I hate it, I hate it." But you say that just to [unintelligible - 01:07:41]. Actually I enjoyed working with the customers, and even to this day if I'm out and they said, "Oh, I'm sorry you don't have the store anymore," or, "You know what? I still have the sofa that you sold me 20 years ago." So it's just a store, it was when it was time to close it. So I know what I 30 should have probably done, and I still have the building, which has been up for sale, really, for the last couple of years… of last year, but it's, you know, we should have done it two years ago. SPEAKER 1: So you were involved for so long in this store. How long did you work there about? DOTTIE: I got out at -- let's see I was 18, 19, 20… till I was about 58, so 20 to 58. SPEAKER 1: I imagine your customer base, did it change over time? DOTTIE: Believe it or not, if we started with the grandmother and father, then we got the daughter or the son, and then we got the son's kids, and so we're -- a lot of it was just the same generation. I mean, we got new customers; don't get me wrong. I think the biggest -- at one time we had Devon's, you know, Devon used to have soldiers, okay, so I said it was Fort Devon's. And I had a customer come in and said so and so sent me, and I says -- of course the name didn't hit a bell, and they says, "Oh yeah, they were in Germany." Excuse me? Yeah they said they knew we were coming here, and they said we'll need furniture, and they said to make sure they said you come see us. And we did we got a lot of word of mouth and had one customer that they would come in every week, and I would chat with them and they'd buy a chair or something small. I'd give them -- we always had coffee, we had coffee, so we'd offer my customers coffee. I mean, I would tell the girls or the people that were selling -- when they come in that door you treat them like they are coming into your home and bring me to them. So when a customer -- I would try to cultivate them. And so like this customer buys this enormous house, and now they need it furnished, and so now they also need draperies and… oh, my sister [unintelligible - 01:10:25] just had a flair for decorating. You are going to handle the drapes, you are going to -- we have this company that we 31 dealt with where, you know, on a small basis as far as if you came in and said I want some draperies, I said, "Okay, measure your walls and whatever," and we had a small company that we would deal with. So this was -- and when I tell you, this house, they called it the castle. I mean, it had -- it was unbelievable! Now she did all the draperies, and I sold them every room of furniture except I think they had already bought a dining room set, but everything else I did. Now, at the time -- this is over 20 years ago, thousand dollars, so that was a lot of money, but with the furniture, [unintelligible - 01:11:19] says, "Well, how are they going to pay for this?" I says, "I don't know." I just was going crazy. About two or three days later the lady walks in and she says, "Can we go somewhere?" "Yeah, we can go in my father's office," so she closed the door, and she goes boom-boom-boom, she whipped out $20,000 of cash. I almost had a heart attack. That was my biggest sale. I mean, one person. Did they have a complaint on anything? Nothing, except something I gave them -- the man says, "Oh, the top of the shelf is scratched." I said, "Oh, you didn't pay for that." Oh, okay. It was pebble stone base, and it was going to be [unintelligible - 01:12:07] going to put a statue on it. So I said well, I'm not going to charge you for this because it's got a few scratches on it. So he says everything's okay except, you know, the base of this is scratched. I said, "Well, you didn't pay for that." "Oh, okay. Thank you." SPEAKER 1: So how in the beginning of your involvement, how did customers pay? DOTTIE: How do they pay? On a weekly basis. They would come in, and they would -- I don't even know if we charged them interest. I guess then we started doing what we called a pre-payment plan, which was considered cash in 90 days, but it had to be broken into three payments. 32 And then we had the company that would buy the paper if, you know, rather than carry -- I forget the company we used. I don't know if it was… one of those companies. And then sometimes if it was a good customer that's been doing business they didn't want to go through that, then we would charge them the interest for the year, however long it took. And then we had customers that just paid weekly that came in for years and years and years. That was part of their, I mean, weekly… I had friends that would come in just to have coffee. I mean, they would have the day off, and they'd come in with their -- one friend had a grandmother that was -- she says, "Oh, let's go see Dottie. We'll have a cup of coffee." That like that Mrs. [unintelligible - 01:13:42], she's like, "Oh, let's go see Dottie. We'll have coffee with her." So I miss that part; I miss that closeness with the customers. Like I said, I treated my customers like they were my friends. Just because -- I did it mainly because it was easier to sell them, and then they kept coming back. And like I said, I enjoyed that part of it. Well, the trends went from outer out -- you know, they have the outer margin, and then it went to your country, which stayed in for until I almost closed, and then they had a lot of traditional, which was -- I remember one time a customer came in and said, "That sofa is down the street for $500 less," and I says, "I don't think… /AT/pa/mb/es

"According to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO) Commission on the Social Determinants of Health, "a girl born in Sweden will live 43 years longer than a girl born in Sierra Leone." The report goes on to observe that "in Glasgow, an unskilled, working-class person will have a lifespan 28 years shorter than a businessman in the top income bracket in Scotland" (see Footnote 1, p. 5). Commenting on these sobering statistics of health disparities around the world in an invited address, Vicente Navarro (2009) of Johns Hopkins University noted that: the mortality differentials among countries are enormous. But such inequalities also appear within each country, including the so-called rich or developed countries. . . . We could add here similar data from the United States. In East Baltimore (where my university, the Johns Hopkins University, is located), a black unemployed youth has a lifespan 32 years shorter than a white corporate lawyer. Actually, as I have documented elsewhere, a young African American is 1.8 times more likely than a young White American to die from a cardiovascular condition. Race mortality differentials are large in the US. . . . In the same study, I showed that a blue-collar worker is 2.8 times more likely than a businessman to die from a cardiovascular condition. (p. 5) The challenges of health disparities for racial and ethnic minorities in this country have been publicized in the scientific community by reports such as Unequal Treatment and articles like Navarro's (2009) address. However, much less attention and research have been focused on occupational health disparities (OHDs) among racial and ethnic minority groups. Despite an increasing number of immigrant and nonimmigrant racial and ethnic minorities in the United States, little is known about OHDs among these populations. Worker groups in the United States have differential exposure to workplace hazards, and in many cases, these hazards are disproportionately experienced by racial and ethnic minorities. As a result, any research and policy efforts to address health disparities among racial and ethnic minorities will also need to address the differential impacts of working conditions on their health. These OHDs are exacerbated by barriers resulting from language issues, socioeconomic factors, and cultural beliefs and attitudes. Therefore, a multicultural perspective on OHDs is needed to understand the unique barriers and stressors that they encounter in the workplace. This volume will provide a state-of-the-art review of the literature as well as a road map to guide future research to address the challenges in OHDs among racial and ethnic minorities"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Business schools have long enticed students into their MBA programs with the promise that, after a short stint spent studying the ins and outs of the business world, they will be able to step right into the upper echelons of management or launch a business that soon has them flitting about the world in a private jet. "Sounds great," you say. "Sign me up!" Not so fast. Sure, business school might prove a necessary prerequisite for those aiming to gain employment at a large financial institution, land a job with a consultancy, or accelerate their journey to managerial superstardom at a Fortune 500 company. But for aspiring entrepreneurs and established business owners alike, the truth of the matter is this: The ability to get a business off the ground and running successfully is not the byproduct of toiling away in a classroom, learning esoteric subjects like the economics of competition. Rather, all it takes to start and run a truly successful business are a few sensible, time-proven techniques that have been needlessly forgotten in business innovators' haste to reinvent the wheel. That's why, in The Street Smart MBA, Steve Babitsky and James J. Mangraviti, Jr., encourage you to ditch class or, better yet, ditch school altogether and go back to the business basics with a series of ten simple steps that will do more for your company than the letters M, B, and A ever will. There are no forays into game theory in The Street Smart MBA, no parables, and no intellectualizing. Instead what you will find is a practical, easy-to-understand, step-by-step business strategy guide that encourages you to revive a handful of basic yet essential practices that many business owners have lost sight of, such as: Building a brand that is so synonymous with quality that you'll be able to maximize your company's profits in no time; Turning your company's products and services into profits by finding your company a niche, working with deadlines, and honoring your company's image above all else; Dealing with customer complaints head-on so that you can turn gripes into opportunities; Doing favors, mentoring, and sending gifts, in order to grow your business network; And much more. With its emphasis on ten simple yet time-honored principles that lead to business success, The Street Smart MBA is all the business education that entrepreneurs with great ideas and business owners with the drive to succeed will ever need.

The Agreement on the Association of Ukraine and the European Union creates powerful bases for the full integration of Ukrainian science into the European scientific community. The main prerequisite for integration is the reform of the scientific sphere, which, first of all, should begin with an assessment of existing resources, preservation of promising directions and renewal of scientific potential. The evaluation of the scientific field should include the development of relevant indicators and criteria for assessing the potential of scientific research, the effectiveness of the scientific institution as a whole, and assessing the individual scientific activity of each scientist. Of course, such an assessment should be carried out with the obligatory use of modern information technologies, which make it possible to largely automate routine procedures for monitoring the effectiveness of scientific activity. Automation simplifies procedures, improves the efficiency and reliability of such activities, and reduces the likelihood of errors occurring in the normal organization of work. Therefore, the task of constructing automated information systems for the evaluation of scientific activity can be considered relevant and has practical value for research institutes of various departmental subordination. Purpose is development of the technology of integrated rating evaluation of the effectiveness of individual scientific activities to provide information support for the adoption of objective management decisions and to improve the effectiveness of the quality management system of scientific activities in a research institute of a natural profile of various departmental subordination. Results is the technology of the complex rating evaluation of the individual performance of the research staff with differential indicators has been developed. The technology makes it possible to calculate the effectiveness of scientific activity on an interval scale using numerical characteristics without loss of informativeness. The physical model of the developed technology is realized in the form of an automated information-computing system with a Web-interface "Questionnaire of a scientific employee" based on the MySQL database, the server part of which is developed using the PHP scripting language. The presented technology can be used to increase the level of information support for decision-making in the Natural Science Research Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. ; Соглашение об ассоциации Украины и Европейского Cоюза создает мощные основы для полноценной интеграции украинской науки в европейскую научную общественность. Главной предпосылкой интеграции является реформирование научной сферы, которое, в первую очередь, должно начинаться с оценки существующих ресурсов, сохранения перспективных направлений и обновления научного потенциала. Оценка научной сферы должна включать разработку релевантных индикаторов и критериев для оценки потенциала научно-исследовательских работ, результативности и эффективности деятельности научного учреждения в целом и оценки индивидуальной научной деятельности каждого ученого. Конечно, такая оценка должна осуществляться с обязательным использованием современных информационных технологий, которые позволяют в значительной степени автоматизировать рутинные процедуры мониторинга и контроля результативности научной деятельности. Автоматизация упрощает процедуры, повышает эффективность и надежность такой деятельности и уменьшает вероятность ошибок, возникающих при обычной организации работы. Поэтому, задача построения автоматизированных информационных систем для оценки научной деятельности может считаться актуальной и имеет практическую ценность для научно-исследовательских институтов различного ведомственного подчинения. Целью работы является разработка технологии комплексного рейтингового оценивания результативности индивидуальной научной деятельности для обеспечения информационной поддержки принятия объективных управленческих решений и повышения эффективности системы управления качеством научной деятельности в научно-исследовательских институтах естественного профиля различного ведомственного подчинения. Результатом работы является технология комплексной рейтинговой оценки индивидуальной результативности деятельности научных сотрудников с дифференциальными показателями. Технология позволяет рассчитать эффективность научной деятельности по интервальной шкале с использованием числовых характеристик без потери информативности. Физическая модель разработанной технологии реализована в виде автоматизированной информационно-вычислительной системы с Web-интерфейсом "Анкета научного сотрудника" на базе системы управления базой данных MySQL, серверная часть которой разработана с применением скриптового языка программирования РНР. Представленная технология может быть использована для повышения уровня информационной поддержки принятия управленческих решений в научно-исследовательских институтатах естественного профиля Национальной академии наук Украины. ; Угода про асоціацію між Україною та Європейським Союзом створює потужні засади для повноцінної інтеграції української науки в європейську наукову спільноту. Головною передумовою інтеграції є реформування наукової сфери, яке, в першу чергу, має починатись з оцінки існуючих ресурсів, збереження перспективних напрямків і оновлення наукового потенціалу. Оцінка наукової сфери повинна включати розробку релевантих індикаторів та критеріїв для оцінювання потенціалу науково-дослідних робіт, результативності та ефективності діяльності наукової установи в цілому та оцінювання індивідуальної наукової діяльності кожного вченого. Звісно, що така оцінка повинна здійснюватися з обов'язковим використанням сучасних інформаційних технології, які дозволяють в значній мірі автоматизувати рутинні процедури моніторингу і контролю результативності наукової діяльності. Автоматизація спрощує процедури, підвищує ефективність і надійність такої діяльності та зменшує імовірність помилок, які виникають при звичайній організації роботи. Тому, задача побудови автоматизованих інформаційних систем для оцінки наукової діяльності може вважатися актуальною і має практичну цінність для науково-дослідних інститутів різного відомчого підпорядкування. Метою є розробка технології комплексного рейтингового оцінювання результативності індивідуальної наукової діяльності для забезпечення інформаційної підтримки прийняття об'єктивних управлінських рішень і підвищення ефективності системи управління якістю наукової діяльності в науково-дослідних інститутах природничого профілю різного відомчого підпорядкування. Результатом роботи є технологія комплексної рейтингової оцінки індивідуальної результативності діяльності наукових співробітників за диференційними показниками. Технологія дозволяє розрахувати ефективність наукової діяльності за інтервальною шкалою з використанням числових характеристик без втрати інформативності. Фізична модель розробленої технології реалізована у вигляді автоматизованої інформаційно-розрахункової системи з Web-інтерфейсом "Анкета наукового співробітника" на базі MySQL, серверна частина якої розроблена із застосування скриптової мови програмування РНР. Представлена технологія може бути застосована для підвищення рівня інформаційної підтримки прийняття управлінських рішень в науково-дослідних інститутах природничого профіля Національної академії наук України.

Угода про асоціацію між Україною та Європейським Союзом створює потужні засади для повноцінної інтеграції української науки в європейську наукову спільноту. Головною передумовою інтеграції є реформування наукової сфери, яке, в першу чергу, має починатись з оцінки існуючих ресурсів, збереження перспективних напрямків і оновлення наукового потенціалу. Оцінка наукової сфери повинна включати розробку релевантих індикаторів та критеріїв для оцінювання потенціалу науково-дослідних робіт, результативності та ефективності діяльності наукової установи в цілому та оцінювання індивідуальної наукової діяльності кожного вченого. Звісно, що така оцінка повинна здійснюватися з обов'язковим використанням сучасних інформаційних технології, які дозволяють в значній мірі автоматизувати рутинні процедури моніторингу і контролю результативності наукової діяльності. Автоматизація спрощує процедури, підвищує ефективність і надійність такої діяльності та зменшує імовірність помилок, які виникають при звичайній організації роботи. Тому, задача побудови автоматизованих інформаційних систем для оцінки наукової діяльності може вважатися актуальною і має практичну цінність для науково-дослідних інститутів різного відомчого підпорядкування. Метою є розробка технології комплексного рейтингового оцінювання результативності індивідуальної наукової діяльності для забезпечення інформаційної підтримки прийняття об'єктивних управлінських рішень і підвищення ефективності системи управління якістю наукової діяльності в науково-дослідних інститутах природничого профілю різного відомчого підпорядкування. Результатом роботи є технологія комплексної рейтингової оцінки індивідуальної результативності діяльності наукових співробітників за диференційними показниками. Технологія дозволяє розрахувати ефективність наукової діяльності за інтервальною шкалою з використанням числових характеристик без втрати інформативності. Фізична модель розробленої технології реалізована у вигляді автоматизованої інформаційно-розрахункової системи з Web-інтерфейсом "Анкета наукового співробітника" на базі MySQL, серверна частина якої розроблена із застосування скриптової мови програмування РНР. Представлена технологія може бути застосована для підвищення рівня інформаційної підтримки прийняття управлінських рішень в науково-дослідних інститутах природничого профіля Національної академії наук України. ; Соглашение об ассоциации Украины и Европейского Cоюза создает мощные основы для полноценной интеграции украинской науки в европейскую научную общественность. Главной предпосылкой интеграции является реформирование научной сферы, которое, в первую очередь, должно начинаться с оценки существующих ресурсов, сохранения перспективных направлений и обновления научного потенциала. Оценка научной сферы должна включать разработку релевантных индикаторов и критериев для оценки потенциала научно-исследовательских работ, результативности и эффективности деятельности научного учреждения в целом и оценки индивидуальной научной деятельности каждого ученого. Конечно, такая оценка должна осуществляться с обязательным использованием современных информационных технологий, которые позволяют в значительной степени автоматизировать рутинные процедуры мониторинга и контроля результативности научной деятельности. Автоматизация упрощает процедуры, повышает эффективность и надежность такой деятельности и уменьшает вероятность ошибок, возникающих при обычной организации работы. Поэтому, задача построения автоматизированных информационных систем для оценки научной деятельности может считаться актуальной и имеет практическую ценность для научно-исследовательских институтов различного ведомственного подчинения. Целью работы является разработка технологии комплексного рейтингового оценивания результативности индивидуальной научной деятельности для обеспечения информационной поддержки принятия объективных управленческих решений и повышения эффективности системы управления качеством научной деятельности в научно-исследовательских институтах естественного профиля различного ведомственного подчинения. Результатом работы является технология комплексной рейтинговой оценки индивидуальной результативности деятельности научных сотрудников с дифференциальными показателями. Технология позволяет рассчитать эффективность научной деятельности по интервальной шкале с использованием числовых характеристик без потери информативности. Физическая модель разработанной технологии реализована в виде автоматизированной информационно-вычислительной системы с Web-интерфейсом "Анкета научного сотрудника" на базе системы управления базой данных MySQL, серверная часть которой разработана с применением скриптового языка программирования РНР. Представленная технология может быть использована для повышения уровня информационной поддержки принятия управленческих решений в научно-исследовательских институтатах естественного профиля Национальной академии наук Украины. ; The Agreement on the Association of Ukraine and the European Union creates powerful bases for the full integration of Ukrainian science into the European scientific community. The main prerequisite for integration is the reform of the scientific sphere, which, first of all, should begin with an assessment of existing resources, preservation of promising directions and renewal of scientific potential. The evaluation of the scientific field should include the development of relevant indicators and criteria for assessing the potential of scientific research, the effectiveness of the scientific institution as a whole, and assessing the individual scientific activity of each scientist. Of course, such an assessment should be carried out with the obligatory use of modern information technologies, which make it possible to largely automate routine procedures for monitoring the effectiveness of scientific activity. Automation simplifies procedures, improves the efficiency and reliability of such activities, and reduces the likelihood of errors occurring in the normal organization of work. Therefore, the task of constructing automated information systems for the evaluation of scientific activity can be considered relevant and has practical value for research institutes of various departmental subordination. Purpose is development of the technology of integrated rating evaluation of the effectiveness of individual scientific activities to provide information support for the adoption of objective management decisions and to improve the effectiveness of the quality management system of scientific activities in a research institute of a natural profile of various departmental subordination. Results is the technology of the complex rating evaluation of the individual performance of the research staff with differential indicators has been developed. The technology makes it possible to calculate the effectiveness of scientific activity on an interval scale using numerical characteristics without loss of informativeness. The physical model of the developed technology is realized in the form of an automated information-computing system with a Web-interface "Questionnaire of a scientific employee" based on the MySQL database, the server part of which is developed using the PHP scripting language. The presented technology can be used to increase the level of information support for decision-making in the Natural Science Research Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

Угода про асоціацію між Україною та Європейським Союзом створює потужні засади для повноцінної інтеграції української науки в європейську наукову спільноту. Головною передумовою інтеграції є реформування наукової сфери, яке, в першу чергу, має починатись з оцінки існуючих ресурсів, збереження перспективних напрямків і оновлення наукового потенціалу. Оцінка наукової сфери повинна включати розробку релевантих індикаторів та критеріїв для оцінювання потенціалу науково-дослідних робіт, результативності та ефективності діяльності наукової установи в цілому та оцінювання індивідуальної наукової діяльності кожного вченого. Звісно, що така оцінка повинна здійснюватися з обов'язковим використанням сучасних інформаційних технології, які дозволяють в значній мірі автоматизувати рутинні процедури моніторингу і контролю результативності наукової діяльності. Автоматизація спрощує процедури, підвищує ефективність і надійність такої діяльності та зменшує імовірність помилок, які виникають при звичайній організації роботи. Тому, задача побудови автоматизованих інформаційних систем для оцінки наукової діяльності може вважатися актуальною і має практичну цінність для науково-дослідних інститутів різного відомчого підпорядкування. Метою є розробка технології комплексного рейтингового оцінювання результативності індивідуальної наукової діяльності для забезпечення інформаційної підтримки прийняття об'єктивних управлінських рішень і підвищення ефективності системи управління якістю наукової діяльності в науково-дослідних інститутах природничого профілю різного відомчого підпорядкування. Результатом роботи є технологія комплексної рейтингової оцінки індивідуальної результативності діяльності наукових співробітників за диференційними показниками. Технологія дозволяє розрахувати ефективність наукової діяльності за інтервальною шкалою з використанням числових характеристик без втрати інформативності. Фізична модель розробленої технології реалізована у вигляді автоматизованої інформаційно-розрахункової системи з Web-інтерфейсом "Анкета наукового співробітника" на базі MySQL, серверна частина якої розроблена із застосування скриптової мови програмування РНР. Представлена технологія може бути застосована для підвищення рівня інформаційної підтримки прийняття управлінських рішень в науково-дослідних інститутах природничого профіля Національної академії наук України. ; Соглашение об ассоциации Украины и Европейского Cоюза создает мощные основы для полноценной интеграции украинской науки в европейскую научную общественность. Главной предпосылкой интеграции является реформирование научной сферы, которое, в первую очередь, должно начинаться с оценки существующих ресурсов, сохранения перспективных направлений и обновления научного потенциала. Оценка научной сферы должна включать разработку релевантных индикаторов и критериев для оценки потенциала научно-исследовательских работ, результативности и эффективности деятельности научного учреждения в целом и оценки индивидуальной научной деятельности каждого ученого. Конечно, такая оценка должна осуществляться с обязательным использованием современных информационных технологий, которые позволяют в значительной степени автоматизировать рутинные процедуры мониторинга и контроля результативности научной деятельности. Автоматизация упрощает процедуры, повышает эффективность и надежность такой деятельности и уменьшает вероятность ошибок, возникающих при обычной организации работы. Поэтому, задача построения автоматизированных информационных систем для оценки научной деятельности может считаться актуальной и имеет практическую ценность для научно-исследовательских институтов различного ведомственного подчинения. Целью работы является разработка технологии комплексного рейтингового оценивания результативности индивидуальной научной деятельности для обеспечения информационной поддержки принятия объективных управленческих решений и повышения эффективности системы управления качеством научной деятельности в научно-исследовательских институтах естественного профиля различного ведомственного подчинения. Результатом работы является технология комплексной рейтинговой оценки индивидуальной результативности деятельности научных сотрудников с дифференциальными показателями. Технология позволяет рассчитать эффективность научной деятельности по интервальной шкале с использованием числовых характеристик без потери информативности. Физическая модель разработанной технологии реализована в виде автоматизированной информационно-вычислительной системы с Web-интерфейсом "Анкета научного сотрудника" на базе системы управления базой данных MySQL, серверная часть которой разработана с применением скриптового языка программирования РНР. Представленная технология может быть использована для повышения уровня информационной поддержки принятия управленческих решений в научно-исследовательских институтатах естественного профиля Национальной академии наук Украины. ; The Agreement on the Association of Ukraine and the European Union creates powerful bases for the full integration of Ukrainian science into the European scientific community. The main prerequisite for integration is the reform of the scientific sphere, which, first of all, should begin with an assessment of existing resources, preservation of promising directions and renewal of scientific potential. The evaluation of the scientific field should include the development of relevant indicators and criteria for assessing the potential of scientific research, the effectiveness of the scientific institution as a whole, and assessing the individual scientific activity of each scientist. Of course, such an assessment should be carried out with the obligatory use of modern information technologies, which make it possible to largely automate routine procedures for monitoring the effectiveness of scientific activity. Automation simplifies procedures, improves the efficiency and reliability of such activities, and reduces the likelihood of errors occurring in the normal organization of work. Therefore, the task of constructing automated information systems for the evaluation of scientific activity can be considered relevant and has practical value for research institutes of various departmental subordination. Purpose is development of the technology of integrated rating evaluation of the effectiveness of individual scientific activities to provide information support for the adoption of objective management decisions and to improve the effectiveness of the quality management system of scientific activities in a research institute of a natural profile of various departmental subordination. Results is the technology of the complex rating evaluation of the individual performance of the research staff with differential indicators has been developed. The technology makes it possible to calculate the effectiveness of scientific activity on an interval scale using numerical characteristics without loss of informativeness. The physical model of the developed technology is realized in the form of an automated information-computing system with a Web-interface "Questionnaire of a scientific employee" based on the MySQL database, the server part of which is developed using the PHP scripting language. The presented technology can be used to increase the level of information support for decision-making in the Natural Science Research Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

Una modificación en 2012 de la Ley 58/2003, de 17 de diciembre, General Tributaria introdujo un nuevo apartado 8 al art. 81. En su virtud, la administración adquiría potestades para adoptar las medidas cautelares en el seno de un proceso penal por delitos fiscales, decisión que, aunque debe ratificar el juez, hasta ese momento le correspondía en exclusiva a los tribunales. La doctrina entendió que se trataba de un precepto inconstitucional por vulnerar el principio de reserva de jurisdicción, constitucionalmente garantizado en el art. 117.3 CE y se abrió así otro debate sobre el alcance del ámbito material específico reservado por la Constitución al poder judicial. En su STC 141/2020, una de las Salas del Alto Tribunal, al hilo de un recurso de amparo en el que no se planteaba la inconstitucionalidad de ese precepto, aprovecha la ocasión para dar su valoración sobre esa intromisión de la administración tributaria en el ámbito procesal.Tributuen Lege Orokorrari (2003ko abenduaren 17ko 58/2003) 2012an eginiko aldaketak 8. apartatu bat gehitu zuen 81. artikuluan. Hari esker, administrazioak zerga-delituengatiko zigor-arloko prozesu batean kautelazko neurriak hartzeko ahala bereganatu zuen; erabaki hori, epaileak berretsi behar badu ere, auzitegien esku baino ez zegoen ordura arte. Doktrinak ulertu zuen konstituzioaren aurkako manu bat zela, jurisdikzio-erreserbaren printzipioa urratzen zuelakoan (Espainiako Konstituzioaren 117.3 artikuluan bermatuta), eta Konstituzioak botere judizialari erreserbatutako eremu material espezifikoaren irismenari buruzko beste eztabaida bat ireki zen horrela. Goi Auzitegiaren Saletako bat, Konstituzio Auzitegiaren 141/2020 Epaian, eta manu horren konstituzio-kontrakotasuna planteatzen ez zuen babes-errekurtso bati lotuta, aukera horretaz baliatu zen Zerga Administrazioak prozesuko eremuan izandako esku-sartze horri buruzko iritzia emateko.In 2012, an amendment of Act 58/2003 of December 17th, on General Taxation introduced a new paragraph 8 to art. 81. Under that provision, the Administration can adopt interim measures within a criminal procedure related to tax offences, notwithstandig its following judicial ratification. The doctrine understood that it was an unconstitutional provision because it infringed the principle of jurisdiction reserve as constitutionally guaranteed under art. 117.3 of the Constitution and another debate began over the specific material scope reserved to the judiciary according to the Constitution. In its judgment 148/2000, one of the Constitutional Court chambers with regard to an action for the protection of fundamental rights where the unconstitutionality of the provision was not raised, took the opportunity to deliver its assessment about the interference of the Tax Administration within the procedural field.

O presente artigo discute a relação entre as políticas públicas para educação infantil e as possibilidades de interferência da participação popular nas ações que são de responsabilidade dos municípios. Tem como objetivo analisar a influência da participação popular nas decisões para política educativas nessa área, considerando a concepção de infância e suas especificidades. Toma como espaço de estudo o município do Recife e adota como campo empírico documentos concernentes ao assunto. Procurou considerar os avanços e contradições que permearam o processo de reconhecimento da educação infantil como direito da criança. Os dados revelaram que a participação das comunidades e seus representantes foi determinante para a construção do perfil das ações para a educação infantil municipal.Palavras-chave: Políticas Educacional. Participação Popular. Educação Infantil. Recife.The influence of popular participation in early chilhood educaction's public policies in the city of RecifeAbstractThis article discusses the correlation between early childhood education's public policies and the possibilities of popular participation interference in actions which are the city's responsibility. It aims to analyze the influence of popular participation in decisions for educational policies in this field, considering the concept of childhood and its specificities. Takes the city of Recife as a study space, and documents concerning the subject as an empirical field. It pursued to consider the advances and contradictions which permeated the recognition process of early childhood education as a child's right. The data revealed that the participation of communities and their representatives was decisive in developing the action's profile for municipal early childhood education.Keywords: Educational Policies. Popular Participation. Childhood Education. Recife.La influencia de la participación popular em las políticas públicas para la edcación de la primera infancia en el município de RecifeResumenEste artículo analisa la relación entre las políticas públicas para la educación de la primera infancia y las possibilidades de la interferência del participación popular en acciones que son responsabilidade de los municípios. Su objetivoes analizar la influencia de la participación popular em las decisiones del política educativa para primera infância, considerando la concepción de la infância y sus especificidades. La ciudad de Recife fuera lo espacio del estúdio y adopta documentos empíricos sobre el tema. Intentó considerar los avances y contradicciones que permearon el proceso que he reconocido la educación de la primera infancia como un derecho del niño. Los datos revelaron que la participación de las comunidades y sus representantes fue determinante en la construcción del perfil de acciones para la educación infantil municipal.Palabras Clave: Políticas Educativas, Participación Popular, Educación Infantil, Ciudad de Recife.

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar el fracaso escolar y abandono educativo desde una perspectiva interseccional. La investigación cualitativa ha sido el posicionamiento metodológico asumido, con las estrategias de recogida de información ad hoc y desde el que ha sido posible afrontar el proceso de análisis. Los resultados permiten identificar la matriz de dominación que se configura a partir de los diversos sistemas de dominación que juegan un papel clave en la concurrencia del fracaso escolar y del abandono educativo. Se abordan los cuatros dominios de los que se compone: estructural, disciplinario, interpersonal y hegemónico. Se concluye con la evidencia de que la interseccionalidad nos permite situarnos en los dispositivos que definen y causan desigualdades e injusticias, o por el contrario, provocan experiencias y situaciones de privilegio. Incorporar la herramienta de la interseccionalidad para el análisis del fracaso escolar y del abandono educativo nos permite reforzar la idea de que no son neutrales, estáticos e inmanentes. La interseccionalidad, como herramienta de análisis crítico, resulta de gran valor para luchar por los derechos de quienes son excluidos, discriminados, marginados desde un proyecto educativo, social y político, comprometido con el bien común y la equidad. ; The purpose of this paper is to analyse school failure and dropping out from an intersectional perspective. The qualitative research has been the methodological positioning assumed, with ad hoc information collection strategies and from which it has been possible to face the analysis process. The results allow to identify the matrix of domination that is configured from the various systems of domination that play a key role in the concurrence of school failure and dropping out. The four domains of which it is composed are addressed: structural, disciplinary, interpersonal and hegemonic. It concludes with the evidence that intersectionality allows us to situate ourselves in the devices that define and cause inequalities and injustices, or on the contrary, provoke experiences and situations of privilege. Incorporating the intersectionality tool for the analysis of school failure and dropping out allows us to reinforce the idea that they are not neutral, static and immanent. Intersectionality, as a tool for critical analysis, it is our ally to fight for the rights of those who are excluded, discriminated against, marginalized with an educative project, social and political, committed to the common good, equity and social justice.