Suchergebnisse

Kultur- und sozialwissenschaftliches Wissen hat über die letzten 50 Jahre eine beständige Verbreitung erfahren und wurde zu einem festen Bestandteil gegenwärtiger Gesellschaften. Dies bezieht sich allerdings nicht nur auf die Ergebnisse der Disziplinen, sondern trifft im besonderen Maße auf deren grundlegende theoretische Konzepte zu. In verschiedensten gesellschaftlichen Bereichen repräsentiert dieses Wissen eine Ressource für die Akteur*innen, um Produktionsprozesse anzuleiten. Die Theorien liefern daher nicht nur Beschreibungen des Sozialen, sondern sie wirken "performativ". Diese Open-Access-Publikation fokussiert auf den Bereich der Kulturproduktion und zeigt auf, welche Bedingungen zur Verwendung der theoretischen Konzepte außerhalb der Wissenschaft geführt haben, wie die Theorien in Prozessen zur Anwendung kommen und welche Veränderungen daraus folgen. Hierzu wird zuerst ein konzeptioneller sowie methodologischer Rahmen präsentiert, bevor die empirische Studie einer Kulturwelt detaillierte Einblicke in die Wirkungsweisen ermöglicht. Anhand der so verdeutlichten Aspekte der Performativität von kultur- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Theorien lässt sich schlussendlich aufzeigen, wie Kulturproduktion in gegenwärtigen Gesellschaften eine zentrale Stellung einnehmen konnte. ; Kultur- und sozialwissenschaftliches Wissen hat über die letzten 50 Jahre eine beständige Verbreitung erfahren und wurde zu einem festen Bestandteil gegenwärtiger Gesellschaften. Dies bezieht sich allerdings nicht nur auf die Ergebnisse der Disziplinen, sondern trifft im besonderen Maße auf deren grundlegende theoretische Konzepte zu. In verschiedensten gesellschaftlichen Bereichen repräsentiert dieses Wissen eine Ressource für die Akteur*innen, um Produktionsprozesse anzuleiten. Die Theorien liefern daher nicht nur Beschreibungen des Sozialen, sondern sie wirken "performativ". Diese Open-Access-Publikation fokussiert auf den Bereich der Kulturproduktion und zeigt auf, welche Bedingungen zur Verwendung der theoretischen Konzepte außerhalb der Wissenschaft geführt haben, wie die Theorien in Prozessen zur Anwendung kommen und welche Veränderungen daraus folgen. Hierzu wird zuerst ein konzeptioneller sowie methodologischer Rahmen präsentiert, bevor die empirische Studie einer Kulturwelt detaillierte Einblicke in die Wirkungsweisen ermöglicht. Anhand der so verdeutlichten Aspekte der Performativität von kultur- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Theorien lässt sich schlussendlich aufzeigen, wie Kulturproduktion in gegenwärtigen Gesellschaften eine zentrale Stellung einnehmen konnte.

This open access textbook introduces and defines digital humanism from a diverse range of disciplines. Following the 2019 Vienna Manifesto, the book calls for a digital humanism that describes, analyzes, and, most importantly, influences the complex interplay of technology and humankind, for a better society and life, fully respecting universal human rights. The book is organized in three parts: Part I "Background" provides the multidisciplinary background needed to understand digital humanism in its philosophical, cultural, technological, historical, social, and economic dimensions. The goal is to present the necessary knowledge upon which an effective interdisciplinary discourse on digital humanism can be founded. Part II "Digital Humanism – a System's View" focuses on an in-depth presentation and discussion of the main digital humanism concerns arising in current digital systems. The goal of this part is to make readers aware and sensitive to these issues, including e.g. the control and autonomy of AI systems, privacy and security, and the role of governance. Part III "Critical and Societal Issues of Digital Systems" delves into critical societal issues raised by advances of digital technologies. While the public debate in the past has often focused on them separately, especially when they became visible through sensational events the aim here is to shed light on the entire landscape and show their interconnected relationships. This includes issues such as AI and ethics, fairness and bias, privacy and surveillance, platform power and democracy. This textbook is intended for students, teachers, and policy makers interested in digital humanism. It is designed for stand-alone and for complementary courses in computer science, or curricula in science, engineering, humanities and social sciences. Each chapter includes questions for students and an annotated reading list to dive deeper into the associated chapter material. The book aims to provide readers with as wide an exposure as possible to digital advances and their consequences for humanity. It includes constructive ideas and approaches that seek to ensure that our collective digital future is determined through human agency.

The world food crisis (1972–1975) gave rise to new development concepts. To eradicate world hunger, small peasants were supposed to use 'modern' inputs like high-yielding seeds, fertilizer, pesticides and irrigation. This would turn subsistence producers into business owners, transform rural areas, invigorate national economies and the crisis-stricken world economy and thus stabilize capitalism. Together with an in-depth account of the world food crisis, this book analyses how this global scheme largely failed. It shows its diverse initiators, their reasoning and motives, its political breakthrough, the degrees to which it was implemented globally and nationally in the following decades and its socioeconomic effects in rural areas. Despite internationally coordinated policies and coercive means, the scheme failed on all levels: situation analysis, design, policies, incapable institutions (including big business), implementation and peasants' responses. Selective realization in certain regions and for certain crops and the appropriation of funds by local elites often aggravated inequality and hunger. Case studies are about Bangladesh, Indonesia, Tanzania and Mali. The book shows limits to global social engineering, imperialism and state control. It is aimed at students, scholars, activists and non-specialists interested in development and the world food problem.

This open access handbook offers a unique and unprecedented global comparative account of student politics and representation in higher education. It provides a systematic and structured range of specially commissioned chapters reflecting on the history, contemporary practices and current debates on student political agency and collective action in higher education. The chapters analyse the organisational characteristics and political activities of student governments, and map opportunities for students to intervene in and influence higher education institutions and higher education policies. The handbook re-examines and further develops the existing theoretical concepts on student agency and student impact on higher education, and analytical lenses on systems of student representation and organisational models of student governments. It depicts empirical insights from 25 countries from all world regions, 4 transnational regional student federations and the Global Student Forum. The volume is unique in bringing together established scholars with a highly diverse group of current and former student leaders, specially trained and empowered to conduct research for this handbook. It offers a major contribution to the study of higher education, and politics and governance of higher education specifically. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.

This is an open access book. As the world continues to recover from the fear and uncertainty of the Covid-19 pandemic, a new set of challenges like increased geopolitical tensions and climate change have become increasingly prominent. This open access book, which contains the views of ambassadors to Beijing on topics ranging from bilateral relations to potential cooperation, global development and even more of the most immediate issues, aims to help readers make sense of our changing world and China's role in it. Building on the success of our previous volumeChina and the World in a Changing Context: Perspectives from Ambassadors to China, the Center for China and Globalization (CCG) has invited 27 ambassadors to examine China's role in this context of constant flux, focusing specifically on China's perspective, including its trade and investment ties with other countries, as well as its role in multilateral regional relations and global governance. These diplomatic envoys from countries around the world serve as pivotal contact points between nations across a wide range of fields, from economics and culture to health and the environment. Their perspectives, representing both developing and industrialized countries, are both invaluable and illuminating—not only in conveying the views and experiences of their own country, but also for their insights into global affairs and China's development. It is our hope that the views expressed in this volume will inspire even more discussion on the next best step to take in finding solutions to the problems we face, and in particular how China can use its own experience and wisdom to better contribute and engage with the world in finding solutions together. This book provides a wealth of perspective and insight that we hope will benefit not only academics and policy makers, but also the private sector and individuals.

This book examines how the COVID-19 pandemic has engendered a new and challenging environment in which borders drawn around people, places, and social structures have hardened and new ones have emerged. Over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, borders closed or became unwelcoming at the international, national, sub-national, and local levels. Debate persists as to whether those countries and territories that tightly managed their borders, like New Zealand, Australia, or Hong Kong, got it 'right' compared to those that did not. Without doubt, a majority of those who suffered and died throughout the pandemic have been those from vulnerable populations. Yet on the other hand, efforts taken to manage the spread of the disease, such as through border management, have also disproportionately affected those who are most vulnerable. How then is the right balance to be struck, acknowledging, too, the economic and other imperatives that may dissuade governments from taking public health steps? This book considers how international organizations, countries, and institutions within those countries should conceive of, and manage, borders as the world continues to struggle with COVID-19 and prepares for the next pandemic. Engaging a range of international, and sub-national, examples, the book thematizes the main issues at stake in the control and management of borders in the interests of public health. This book will be of considerable interest to academics in the fields of health law, anthropology, economics, history, medicine, public health, and political science, as well as policymakers and public health planners at national and sub-national levels.

Kritische politische Theorie lässt sich nur im Plural denken: als kritische politische Theorien. Dieser Band porträtiert deshalb zentrale ideengeschichtliche und zeitgenössische Autor*innen des Diskurses kritischer politischer Theorie und stellt die konstitutive Vielfalt dieses Diskurses heraus. Der Fokus liegt nicht allein auf Politischer Philosophie, Theorie und Ideengeschichte, sondern bezieht ebenso Positionen aus der Sozialphilosophie, der Gesellschaftstheorie, den Gender Studies, den Postcolonial Studies und den Cultural Studies ein. Der Betrachtung liegt ein epistemischer und ontologischer Postessentialismus zugrunde – ein gemeinsames Denkmotiv der kritischen politischen Theorie unserer Gegenwart. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode

Wer sich aufmacht, der Rede vom Plausiblen nachzuspüren, kommt zu einem eigenartigen Befund: In Alltag und Wissenschaft sind Aussagen, dass etwas »plausibel« ist, nahezu allgegenwärtig. Auf der anderen Seite zeigt sich, dass wissenschaftliche Konzeptualisierungen der im Begriff anklingenden Bedeutungen selten sind. Der Band bietet daher eine interdisziplinäre kulturwissenschaftliche Erkundung des Konzepts der Plausibilität und der Praxis des Plausibilisierens. Dabei beleuchten die Beiträger*innen soziokulturelle Erscheinungsformen, Modalitäten, Funktionsweisen, Dynamiken und Strategien des Plausibilisierens - jeweils in unterschiedlichen historischen und regionalen Kontexten.

Schon lange versuchen Psychiatrie und klinische Psychologie, der Depression auf den Grund zu gehen. In den letzten Jahrzehnten richten sich die Forschungsanstrengungen auf Biomarker, das heißt biologische Parameter, mit denen depressive Erkrankungen greifbar gemacht und im Körper verankert werden sollen. Jonas Rüppel arbeitet mit einem Fokus auf genetische und neurowissenschaftliche Studien heraus, dass diese Suche nach Biomarkern jedoch nicht in der ersehnten körperlichen Fundierung resultiert. Stattdessen mündet die »Biomarkerisierung der Depression« in einer zunehmenden Destabilisierung dieses psychiatrischen Krankheitsbildes. Erkennbar wird ein neues psychiatrisches Dispositiv, das auf eine Dekonstruktion und biowissenschaftliche Neuzusammensetzung der etablierten Krankheitskategorien abzielt: das »postgenomische Prisma«.

Lizenzierung:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

This open access book provides a comprehensive overview of education in China, covering 12 critical topics including basic education, higher education, professional education, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education, mental health education, and international education and excellence initiatives. Drawing from current research, theoretical literature, and real-life stories, this book examines the developmental trajectories, achievements, and best practices in the above-mentioned topics, to reflect realities of education transformation in China. It also incorporates a global comparison of key indicators to explore strengths of and gaps in Chinese education with its global counterparts. Setting its context in an ever-changing world, this book intends to explore conceptual support to develop "a modern education system with Chinese features and world standards", to provide implications for further developing quality education in all sectors, and topromote understanding and inspire critical discussion on education development in China and around the world. This book serves as a valuable resource for students, scholars, and policy makers in the field of education studies, as well as for the general public who are interested in Chinese education.

In Europa und den USA des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts revoltierten mehrere Bewegungen für einen »starken Liberalismus«: in England die Leveller, in den USA Unabhängigkeitskämpfer um Tom Paine und in Frankreich der Cercle Social. Sie kämpften nicht nur für Menschenrechte und Demokratie, sondern auch gegen eine Machtkonzentration in der Wirtschaft. Trotz großer Anhängerschaft wurden sie verfolgt, eingekerkert oder ermordet und ihr Gedankengut geriet in Vergessenheit. Walter Oswalt macht ihre Ideen und Lösungsvorschläge in diesem posthum erscheinenden Band zugänglich und zeigt, wie aktuell ihre Tradition in der heutigen Welt einer globalisierten Wirtschaft ist. Mit einem Vorwort von Carsten Herrmann-Pillath.

This Handbook presents established and innovative perspectives on involving older adults as co-creators in ageing research. It reorients research and policy toward more inclusive and adequate designs that capture the voices and needs of older adults. The Handbook: introduces types of participatory approaches in ageing research; highlights key methodological aspects of these approaches; gives insights from projects across different cultural contexts and academic disciplines, showing ways in which older participants can be involved in co-designing different stages of the research cycle; examines key issues to consider when involving older participants at each step of the research process; includes the voices of older adults directly; draws out conclusions and points ways forward for future research. This Handbook will be essential reading for researchers and students interested in the field of ageing and/ or participatory methods, as well as for those policy stakeholders in the fields of ageing and demographic change, social and public policy, or health and wellbeing who are interested in involving older adults in policy processes. It will be useful for third-sector advocacy organizations and international non-governmental and public agencies working either in citizen involvement/participation or the ageing sector.

This book brings together leading scholars and practitioners from around the globe to examine the current roles of and future trends in local government structures and mechanisms in 16 different federal and federal-type countries. In doing so, this volume explores pressing topics such as the institutions of local government, constitutional recognition, financial management, intergovernmental relations, political culture, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the role of local government in federal systems. Contributors to this volume provide a timely and comprehensive account of the integral role local governments play in federal countries and offer fascinating perspectives on how these roles may change as individual federal systems evolve. These individual analyses are contextualized in a comparative perspective in order to gain a holistic understanding of the challenges and opportunities of various local government dynamics in different regions around the world. This is an open access book.

This open-access book explores the security dynamics amid the polarization, shifting borders, and liquid governance that define the Zeitenwende era in Europe's eastern neighbourhood and Central Asia. Presenting various case studies, the volume unveils the intricate web of border dynamics and practices, including the nuanced interplay of border disputes within the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) member states. The contributions shed new light on how contested borders and liquid modes of governance have impacted the engagement of international organizations such as the European Union (EU), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and OSCE in security crises and conflict prevention. Delving deeper, a special part dissects the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict and examines European and international responses. By analyzing the stances of diverse European countries, their neighborhood, and international organizations, this section uncovers commonalities and disparities in their approaches to the Ukrainian crisis.

Wie denken Beschäftigte, zum Beispiel in der Industrie, im Handel oder in Krankenhäusern, über Ungleichheit, Parteien oder die Klimakrise? Welche Politik wünschen sie sich und was stört sie? Thomas E. Goes widmet sich diesen Fragen empirisch, um die Erfolgschancen eines Grünen Sozialismus auszuloten. Im Zentrum steht dabei das vorherrschende Alltagsbewusstsein der Arbeiter*innen: Für eine breite Unterstützung muss die Forderung nach Gleichheit, mehr Demokratie und einem wirksamen Klimaschutz hier anknüpfen. Nur so bieten sich Möglichkeiten, eine sozial und ökologisch gerechte Politik nicht nur in der Theorie, sondern auch in der Praxis umzusetzen.