Suchergebnisse

Allant au-delà du cas des prisonniers de la Deuxième guerre mondiale et de la question du statut de prisonnier amplement étudiés, le présent ouvrage vise à proposer une vue complète et actualisée du régime juridique des prisonniers de guerre

Main description: Kulturen sind keine monolithischen Blöcke. Sie sind hybrid, setzen sich also aus Elementen verschiedenster Herkunft zusammen und bringen aus ihnen Neues hervor. Das DFG-Schwerpunktprogramm "Integration und Desintegration der Kulturen im europäischen Mittelalter" hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, die Geschichte Europas im Mittelalter vom permanenten Kontakt und Austausch her zu denken und die sich daraus ergebenden Prozesse kultureller Innovationen zu analysieren. -- Auf einer "International Spring School" im April 2008 präsentierte sich das Schwerpunktprogramm einer breiten wissenschaftlichen Öffentlichkeit. Der Band vereint die dort gehaltenen Vorträge und Workshops. Das Phänomen der Hybridität von Kulturen und die Differenzen der mittelalterlichen Welt zwischen Island und der Levante, zwischen Skandinavien und Nordafrika werden aus den Blickwinkeln verschiedener Disziplinen (Byzantinistik, Skandinavistik, Mediävistik, Germanistik, Kunstgeschichte, Orientalistik, Judaistik, Osteuropäische Geschichte) und Wissenschaftsnationen (Ungarn, Italien, Niederlande, Russland, Frankreich, Israel, Griechenland, USA, Island, Deutschland) beleuchtet. -- Mit Beiträgen von -- Cyril Aslanov, Nora Berend, Michael Borgolte, Corinna Bottiglieri, Krijnie Ciggaar, Wolfram Drews, Ásdis Egilsdóttir, Almut Höfert, Benjamin Z. Kedar, Christian Kiening, Gábor Klaniczay, Karin Krause, Hartmut Kugler, Svetlana Luchitsky, Marina Münkler, Robert Ousterhout, Juliane Schiel, Jean-Claude Schmitt, Bernd Schneidmüller, Annette Seitz, Apostolos Spanos, John Tolan, Gia Toussaint und Nektarios Zarras.

Images in international affairs and their legacy for China -- China 'leans to one side' in the Cold War -- China against the world -- China re-joins the Cold War...against the Soviet Union -- A reviving Middle Kingdom for China -- A reviving Middle Kingdom for China's neighbours -- Up against the hegemon, the USA -- China and the world in the twenty-first century -- The international system and China in the twenty-first century

International relation are characterized by continuity and change but many core features endure for centuries[1]. This paper will look in to possibilities to build ties between India and other nations from Central America specifically Guatemala, with the help of Gandhian philosophy. Gandhian Ideas can be explored in relevance to problems faced by these nations. Popularizing Gandhian philosophy can result in goodwill for India in public. This paper will make Suggestions for a road map for making Gandhian ideas more popular and ultimately resulting in stronger ties between India with Guatemala and other Central American nations. Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy and thoughts are the driving force for India not only for general public but also for the policy makers. His values and thoughts can be the core feature for international relations for India and with India. Guatemala–India relations are relatively new, although diplomatic relations were established with each other in the 1970s. The Indian Embassy in Guatemala was opened in December 2009 and became fully functional in mid-2010. Guatemala opened its Embassy in New Delhi in April 2013 and the first resident Ambassador of Guatemala to India, presented his credentials in April, 2014[2]. There is a need to build up people to people connect in this new start of relation between these two nations. Gandhian philosophy can be the bases for a people to people connect and goodwill. Gandhian philosophy needs to be understood as Gandhian values have deeper meaning and different dimensions when it comes to different economic and political concepts. For example - V.K.R.V. Rao explains Gandhi's concept of socialism "In the Gandhian dictionary, it is impossible to distinguish between means and ends, and therefore Gandhi's conception of socialism was basically different from that associated with communism or scientific socialism or the Russian experiment or the Chinese experiment Gandhi's socialism therefore cannot be treated as a first or even a second cousin of Marxian socialism[3]" Same can be said about satyagrah, according to Mahatma Gandhi "satyagrah is like banyan tree with innumerable branches, civil disobedience is one such branch satya (truth) and ahimsa (non-violence) together make the parent trunk[4]". This deeper meaning and different dimensions of Gandhian philosophy requires more groundwork in terms of understanding Guatemalan culture and how Gandhian ideas should be presented to them. This paper will suggest how a beginning can be made for this. Guatemala and India both the countries are very rich in cultural heritage and both are democratic countries. Gandhian Philosophy can address problems faced by people in Guatemala and can give different political and economic perspective, it can help to find and maintain a balance with respect to capital and labor. Gandhian ideas to empower villages can be a way for better quality of life. Racism is a menace and Gandhian philosophy can give solutions prevent violations of the civil rights of citizens. This paper will look into specific political and social issues in Guatemala and other Central American nations and will suggest how Gandhian philosophy gives ways in resolving them. This paper will also look into the issues and how Gandhian thoughts can be taken to general public in Guatemala other Central American nations. [1] J. Martin Rochester (2010). Fundamental Principles of International Relations: Vol. 1. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle, U.K, ISBN - 9781458781802/ 1458781801 [2] India-Guatemala Relations, Retrieved from - http://www.mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/Guatemala_2015_07_10.pdf [3] . V.K.R.V. Rao (1985) Trusteeship as the Gandhian instrument for social change, June, Gandhi Marg, Gandhi Peace Foundation, New Delhi [4] Gandhi: Selected Political Writings by Mahatma Gandhi, ed. Dalton, Dennis (Hackett) (ISBN: 0-87220-330-1)

Preliminary Material -- Introduction -- 1 The Role of Physicians in Armed Conflict -- 2 International Humanitarian Law -- 3 International Criminal Law -- 4 Customary Status of International Humanitarian Law -- 5 The Relevant Human Rights Norms Applicable to the Work of Physicians in Armed Conflict -- 6 The Interpretation of the Reference to Medical Ethics and Generally Accepted Medical Standards pursuant to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties -- 7 Medical Ethics in International Law -- 8 A Pluralistic Approach to Medical Ethics -- 9 The Documents by the World Medical Association (WMA) -- 10 Conclusion, Recommendations and Outlook -- Annexes -- Bibliography -- Index.

Conventional wisdom treats politicization in the international human rights regime as invariant: for any given violation, states condemn adversaries while coddling friends. However, we find that politicization patterns vary markedly across human rights issues. Some norms are more politicized than others, and states are more likely to punish geopolitical partners on certain violations. We offer a novel theory of politicized enforcement wherein states punish human rights violations discriminatively based on their perceived "sensitivity" for the target state. Using data from the UN Universal Periodic Review, an elaborate human rights mechanism, we show that states tend to criticize their adversaries on sensitive issues that undermine the target regime's power and legitimacy while addressing safer topics with friends. By uncovering a strategic logic of human rights enforcement, this research contributes new theoretical insights on the relationship between norms and power politics in global governance.

This paper investigates the dynamics of international government bond market integration in six of the G7 economies over two decades leading up to the global crisis. It examines whether such integration had been significant; the extent to which integration at the short and long end of the yield curve differed; the nature of such integration; and the extent of the decoupling of the long rates from short rates. These issues are investigated using the rigorous smooth-transition copula-GARCH model framework. The results show that integration at the long end of the yield curve had been increasing, had become pronounced, and was significantly greater than at the short end. Decoupling between the short and long end of the yield curve was notable, with important implications for the efficacy of monetary policy in the period before the crisis. � 2010 Elsevier B.V.

This paper investigates the dynamics of international government bond market integration in six of the G7 economies over two decades leading up to the global crisis. It examines whether such integration had been significant; the extent to which integration at the short and long end of the yield curve differed; the nature of such integration; and the extent of the decoupling of the long rates from short rates. These issues are investigated using the rigorous smooth-transition copula-GARCH model framework. The results show that integration at the long end of the yield curve had been increasing, had become pronounced, and was significantly greater than at the short end. Decoupling between the short and long end of the yield curve was notable, with important implications for the efficacy of monetary policy in the period before the crisis. � 2010 Elsevier B.V.

Although political asylum has been at the forefront of contemporaryGerman politics for over two decades, it has not been much discussedin political science. Studying asylum is important, however,because it challenges assertions in both comparative politics andinternational relations that national interest drives decision-making.Political parties use national interest arguments to justify claims thatonly their agenda is best for the country, and governments arguesimilarly when questions about corporatist bargaining practices arise.More theoretically, realists in international relations have positedthat because some values "are preferable to others … it is possible todiscover, cumulate, and objectify a single national interest." Whileinitially associated with Hans Morgenthau's equating of nationalinterest to power, particularly in foreign policy, this position hassince been extended to argue that states can be seen as unitary rationalactors who carefully calculate the costs of alternative courses ofaction in their efforts to maximize expected utility.