This book offers a comprehensive international law analysis of the European Union's maritime safety legislation. Acts of EU law since 1993 have been dealt with a variety of subjects, such as port State control, classification societies, vessel traffic management, ship construction, environmental protection and pollution sanctions. This legislation is analysed from the point of international law, notably the law of the sea and the international maritime conventions. The relationship between EU law and international law within the internal EU legal system is also analysed from the specific perspective of maritime safety law.
El marco teórico de la adhesió́n de la Unión Europea al Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos -- Los problemas jurídicos de la adhesión de la Unión Europea al Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos -- La protección de los derechos fundamentales en Europa tras el Dictamen 2/13.
Bu çalışma Türkiye'nin Ulaştırma alanında AB'ye entegrasyonunu araştırmaktadır. AB ile Türkiye arasında kurulmuş olan Gümrük Birliği'nin güncellenmesinin tartışıldığı bu günlerde, Ulaştırmanın ikili ekonomik ilişkilere olan katkısı göz ardı edilmemelidir. Bunun yanında, Ulaştırma entegrasyonu halen Türkiye'nin tam üyelik öncesi çözüme kavuşturması gereken konular arasında yer almaktadır. Yakın zamanda yapılmış siyasi söylemler ve önemli yatırımlar, Türkiye'nin Ulaştırma entegrasyonu konusunda hayli ilerlediğini iddia etmektedir. Bu çalışma da bu söylem ve yatırımların etkisini ve geçerliliğini ortaya çıkarmak için düzenlenmiş ve Türkiye'nin AB Ulaştırma politikalarına ne kadar entegre olduğunu bilimsel olarak incelemiştir. Bu bağlamda araştırma üç ayrı vaka analizini karşılaştırmış ve sonuçları gözlemlemiştir. Almanya, Birleşik Krallık ve Türkiye Ulaştırma konularında aynı yönetim modeline sahiptir ve vaka çalışmaları olarak seçilmişlerdir. Üç farklı entegrasyon teorisinin hipotezleri değerlendirilmiş ve Çok düzeyli yönetişim modelinin Ulaştırma entegrasyonu için uygunluğu vurgulanmıştır. Yapılan bu testler sonucunda Türkiye'nin entegrasyon bağlamında gerekli olduğu savunulan yönetişim modelinin kurulumunda sorunlar yaşadığı tespit edilmiştir. Türk devlet görevlileri ve çıkar grupları ile yapılan toplantılar sonucunda bu tespitin nedeninin Türkiye ve AB arasında Ulaştırma alanında yaşanan yüksek derece siyasallaşma ve seçiciliğin olduğu belirtilmiştir. --- This study investigates Turkey's integration to the EU on transport. While Turkey and the EU still negotiating the terms of the Customs Union modernization, transport still constitutes an important place in the bilateral economic relations. Moreover, alignment on transport is still a condition for Turkey before full membership. Recent political declarations and huge investments on transport claimed a far advanced progress on the integration process. This study is designed to validate these claims and take out how far Turkey achieved on this alignment. With respect to these goals, the research question asserts the extent of the Turkish integration on transport. In the empirical part, this study offers a case study comparison between Germany, United Kingdom and Turkey, countries that have the same governance model with Turkey when it comes to transport. By using three different integration theories, the empirical data shows that Multi-level governance is the key for these countries to thrive over alignment. However, Turkey has somehow failed to form this anticipated web of interactions. The outcome of the interviews with Turkish state officials and interest groups lead to the conclusion that the high politicization and intense selectivity could be the reasons of the missing links between different decision-making levels.
"While the European integration project is facing new challenges, abandonments and criticism, it is often forgotten that there are powerful legal instruments that allow citizens to protect and extend their rights. These instruments and the actions taken to activate them are often overlooked and deliberately ignored in the mainstream debates.This book presents a selection of cases in which legal institutions, social movements, avant-gardes and minorities have tried, and often succeeded, to enhance the current state of human rights through traditional as well as innovative actions. The chapters of this book investigate some of the cases in which the gap between the conventionally recognized rights and those advocated is becoming wider and where traditionally disadvantaged groups raise new problems or new issues are emerging concerning individual freedom, transparency and accountability, which are not yet properly addressed in the current political and legal landscape. Can political institutions and courts without coercive power of last resort actually foster more progressive rights? This book suggests that the expansion of human rights might be a viable strategy to generate a proper European citizenship.This text will be of key interest to scholars and students of European Studies, Politics and International Relations, Law and Society, Sociology and Migration Studies and more broadly to NGOS and policy-advisers."--Provided by publisher.
AbstractThe aim of this study is to examine: (i) whether investment efficiency is associated with CSR performance and (ii) whether this relationship varies with the strength of investor protection. Using firm level data from Western European countries, we document a positive association between CSR score and investment efficiency. We further find that the effect of CSR on investment efficiency is driven by the areas Human Ressources, Business Behavior, Corporate Governance, and Human Rights. Finally, we find that the documented association is statistically and economically more significant in countries with stronger investor protection.
Most governments of the Central and East European countries adopted in 1990s tax measures for a support of foreign direct investments. Such measures usually include 10-year tax holidays and exemption from import duties. They are mostly accompanied by grants for building an infrastructure and creation of new jobs. As our data indicate and the statistical test has proved, the incentives are effective in attracting new FDI to the countries. However there are some indicators that a tax competition between the CEE countries exists.
