Suchergebnisse

Development approaches and paradigms influence the nature and rate of socio-economic transformation of a country. The approaches manifest in the form of plans, policies or programmes. This conceptual paper seeks to evaluate the prospects and challenges of the Transitional Stabilisation Programme implemented by the government of Zimbabwe in 2019 and draw lessons from other economic blueprints that were implemented prior to it. Zimbabwe has endured economic instability since the Fast Track Land Reform Programme of 2000. This has resulted in a lot of policy transformation in order to try to restore sanity. A desk review of secondary sources was done in collecting data and academic journals and papers were used as sources of data. Furthermore, some data was drawn from interviews made by economic analysts, government officials and academics. The researcher noted success stories and challenges from the different economic policies. We argue that Zimbabwe's socio-economic policies have been affected by poor implementation strategies, corruption and excessive political expediency. Thus, the paper concluded that Zimbabwe's economic status continues to degenerate despite a number of economic blueprints implemented from the year 2000. This is attributed to policy reversals and a lack of protection and security of property rights, leading to a lack of investorconfidence. No meaningful investor is willing to pour out new capital when sovereign risk is high.The research recommends a human factor development approach militating against prudent economic management, while genuinely reengaging the world.

International audience ; The present study investigates the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation announced by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin during his annual speech addressed to the Federal Assembly on 15th January 2020. Methodology: The experience of recent years shows that in a changing economic environment, the network of business processes changes qualitatively and acquires a new economic content. At the same time, the system of economic activity has a systematic character and is characterized by a set of standard economic processes. Conclusion: The research examines how the amendments may affect the social guarantees of the people of the Russian Federation, what role is dedicated to the bodies in the separation of powers, and why it is important to change the conditions for electing a candidate for Presidency. The approach is interdisciplinary and links Russian legal norms, applicable rules and human behavior. The main methods used in the research are analysis, comparative-legal, historical-legal and formal-legal methods. The study provides a legal and political picture of the context of modifications to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020.

International audience ; The present study investigates the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation announced by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin during his annual speech addressed to the Federal Assembly on 15th January 2020. Methodology: The experience of recent years shows that in a changing economic environment, the network of business processes changes qualitatively and acquires a new economic content. At the same time, the system of economic activity has a systematic character and is characterized by a set of standard economic processes. Conclusion: The research examines how the amendments may affect the social guarantees of the people of the Russian Federation, what role is dedicated to the bodies in the separation of powers, and why it is important to change the conditions for electing a candidate for Presidency. The approach is interdisciplinary and links Russian legal norms, applicable rules and human behavior. The main methods used in the research are analysis, comparative-legal, historical-legal and formal-legal methods. The study provides a legal and political picture of the context of modifications to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020.

The article discusses problems of financial support of power generating companies in the environment of the foreign policy and economic instability. The causes of low renewal rates in the power sector are exposed that threaten the implementation of the government program of its development.It is shown that the implementation of industry development projects requires a more effective government financial support along with the search of market financing tools.To solve the above problems, it is proposed to use non-government pension funds (NGPF) with simultaneous expansion of the list of their financial assets allowed for investment. Mechanisms of applying particular financial tools to financing the power companies are developed. Practical recommendations on how to make the program of the power industry development in the Russian Federation more effective are provided. ; В статье рассмотрены проблемы финансирования генерирующих компаний в условиях внешнеполитической и экономической нестабильности. Выявлены причины низких темпов реноваций в электроэнергетической отрасли, которые ставят под угрозу срыва выполнение государственной программы ее развития.Показано, что обеспечение реализации проектов развития отрасли требует усиления государственной финансовой поддержки, а также поиска рыночных инструментов ее финансирования.Для решения поставленных проблем предлагается использовать средства негосударственных пенсионных фондов (НПФ) с одновременным расширением перечня финансовых активов, разрешенных этим организациям для инвестирования. Разработаны механизмы применения конкретных финансовых инструментов для финансирования электроэнергетических компаний. Приведены практические рекомендации, направленные на повышение эффективности реализации по реализации ряда мероприятий, способствующих повышению эффективности программы развития электроэнергетики в РФ.

From different epistemological spheres, the interconnection between the phenomena of poverty, exclusion, gender violence and the perspectives of change that allow optimizing the role of human development in the fight against these severe problems is perceived. With an interdisciplinary approach, the content of articles and experiences that examine the relationship of the rates of violence that arise from these phenomena is analyzed, with special emphasis on discrimination and violence against women. The contributions of gender studies that record the negative impact of poverty, inequality and the economic, social, political and cultural segregation of women in the modern world are prioritized. Other forms of violence that restrict their rights and development are also revealed, undermining their dignity and self-esteem, which leads today's society to a social and political struggle for the defense of life and gender equality. ; Desde diferentes ámbitos epistemológicos se percibe la interconexión existente entre los fenómenos de pobreza, exclusión, violencia de género y las perspectivas de cambio que permitirían optimizar el papel del desarrollo humano en la lucha contra esos severos problemas. Con enfoque interdisciplinario se analiza el contenido de artículos y experiencias que examinan la relación de los índices de violencia que surgen a partir de esos fenómenos poniendo especial acento en la discriminación y violencia contra la mujer. Se priorizan las contribuciones de los estudios de género que registran el impacto negativo de la pobreza, la desigualdad y la segregación económica, social, política y cultural de la mujer en el mundo moderno. Se develan también, otras formas de violencia que restringen sus derechos y desarrollo atentando contra su dignidad y autoestima, lo que lleva a la sociedad actual a una lucha social y política por la defensa de la vida y la equidad de género.

Public choice has been one of the most important developments in the social sciences in the last twenty years. However there are many people who are frustrated by the uncritical importing of ideas from economics into political science. Public Choice uses both empirical evidence and theoretical analysis to argue that the economic theory of politics is limited in scope and fertility. In order to arrive at a more comprehensive understanding of political life, political scientists must learn from both economists and sociologists

The purpose of the article was to characterize the processes related to the genesis of the legal guarantee of the Ukrainian pharmacy. The methodological basis meant a set of general scientific and special legal methods of scientific knowledge, the use of which was determined by the purpose, objectives and specifics of the subject. It has been concluded that the emergence and formation of the legal guarantee of pharmacy has ancient origins, but its development is taking place at the present time, as new standards of Ukrainian pharmacy are still being formed. Four stages in the formation of pharmaceutical relations have been distinguished. It has been emphasized that the current state of the legal guarantee of pharmacy begins its development from the moment when Ukraine gained independence. That led to the emergence of new forms of economic management within the pharmacy, which affected its formation of legal guarantee. In particular, it was necessary to create the system of state control over the quality of medicines. The processes of globalization of the markets of production and sale of medicines required the updating of technologies for the production of drugs by domestic manufacturers.

Mauritania's abundant endowment of natural resources, its strategic location at the gateway between Sub‐Saharan and Northern Africa, its richly diverse, yet stratified, cultural and social make‐up and its position in a restive region, increasingly beholden to the ravaging effects of climate change, create a complex development space for poverty reduction and shared prosperity. The end of the commodity super‐cycle brought these challenges to the fore, marking a decisive turning point in Mauritania's quest to end poverty and achieve shared prosperity by 2030. This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Mauritania lays out the program for the period of FY18–FY23 and reflects lessons from the Completion and Learning Review (CLR) of the preceding FY14‐FY16 Country Partnership Strategy (CPS), which was discussed at the Board in September 2013. The CPF will support the transition to a more inclusive, diversified and resilient model of growth, building on Mauritania's natural resource wealth. First, it expands opportunities for economic diversification with interventions to raise productivity in traditional livestock, fisheries, and agricultural activities; improves household welfare through access to basic services; and enables increased participation in economic activity which will further sustain growth. Second, interventions in education, health and social protection will emphasize quality and access for the most vulnerable population segments and employability of youth and women. Third, it supports improvements in economic governance to optimize revenue mobilization and public spending, create opportunities for the private sector and strengthen the transparency of the extractives sector. The CPF emphasizes adaptation to the effects of climate change and building environmental resilience, as well as macroeconomic stability to ensure economic resilience. Finally, the CPF will feature a sharpened focus on private sector development, seeking to foster a more level playing field to accelerate the nascent transition from public to private sector‐led growth. This will be achieved through even closer collaboration between IDA, IFC and MIGA in maximizing finance for development.