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The article aims to broaden the subject of the attribution of conduct to a State by pre-senting different grounds for attributing State responsibility. It surveys main the prin-ciples of attribution, which were affirmed in international judicial decisions and specifies circumstances which extend beyond the general rule under which States incur responsi-bility only for the conduct of its organs. The provisions of the Articles on the Responsi-bility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts constitute a primary point of reference of the research and are followed by examples of their practical application.

Abstract This article aims to analyse the meaning of religious and humanitarian approaches in the field of international cooperation, setting out from a study of Norwegian cooperation with indigenous peoples. In so doing it describes and evaluates the differences between missionary and philanthropic trends in the debates on indigenous rights, their contribution to the establishment of contemporary Norwegian national values and state building, and their role as key elements in the control and administration of territories and populations. The article concludes by suggesting a number of research directions connected to the understanding of international cooperation as a space for creating a political agenda connected both to policy proposals and to the building of social movements.

This paper examines the challenges of deploying and using adequately prepared and appropriate skilled police personnel in UN peace operations. It approaches this issue primarily, although not exclusively, through the prism of training. It briefly describes changes in the demand for and role of police in contemporary peace operations, and the existing system of recruitment, selection and training of police peacekeepers. It then considers four types of problems encountered in deploying effective police personnel in the areas of supply of personnel, skillsets, predeployment training, and performance. The paper holds that problems in these interconnected areas undermine the effectiveness and impact of police components in peace operations. While the UN has made some important efforts to improve recruitment and selection of police peacekeepers, and to standardize peacekeeping training of police prior to deployment, both selection and training standards continue to be inconsistently applied and inadequate. Resolving the perpetual problem of getting police peacekeepers with the needed capabilities deployed to missions will require more than simple technical fixes; the human resources challenge for police (as well as military and civilian personnel) in UN operations goes beyond recruitment and training to include questions of effective guidance, management, resourcing, and the monitoring and evaluation of peacekeeper performance to support institutional learning and adjustment of recruitment and training processes. The problem is complex and multifaceted, not least because the UN is an international organization with management challenges that are distinct from those encountered by national public service organizations. The UN's organizational structures and processes themselves require attention. Solutions call for commitment and corrective action by PCCs, UN HQ, and the leadership of UN field missions. The paper contributes to broader ongoing discussions about what is required to improve the impact and effectiveness of peacekeeping personnel, and of peace operations more broadly. ; publishedVersion

Categorizes & evaluates support materials for international politics textbooks including instructor manuals, print, & Web. The support materials are evaluated by their ease of use & featured offerings. L. Collins

Il ne suffit plus, aujourd'hui, de comprendre le droit du travail selon une perspective exclusivement nationale. Idéalement, les juristes devraient connaître également les rapports qui existent entre le droit du travail suisse et le droit international et européen, et s'apercevoir de la densification normative dans ce domaine. L'analyse de la dimension internationale et européenne du droit du travail en Suisse est le but principal de l'ouvrage intitulé « Arbeitsrecht im internationalen Kontext – Völkerrechtliche und europarechtliche Einflüsse auf das schweizerische Arbeitsrecht », rédigé par Kurt Pärli, Tobias Baumgartner, Eylem Demir, Cornelia Junghanss, Sara Licci et Wesselina Uebe. Juristen und Juristinnen können heutzutage das schweizerische Arbeitsrecht kaum mehr nur aus innerstaatlicher Sicht benutzen und verstehen. Idealerweise kennen sie auch seine völker- und europarechtlichen Bezüge und können es in einem normativ dichten internationalen Kontext situieren. Die Analyse der internationalen Dimension des schweizerischen Arbeitsrechts ist die Hauptzielsetzung des Werkes mit dem Titel «Arbeitsrecht im internationalen Kontext – Völkerrechtliche und europarechtliche Einflüsse auf das schweizerische Arbeitsrecht», verfasst von Kurt Pärli, Tobias Baumgartner, Eylem Demir, Cornelia Junghanss, Sara Licci und Wesselina Uebe.

"This book explores the scope and applicability of chapter XII of the United Nations Conventions on Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), relating to the enforcement of international maritime legislation on air pollution. It focuses on enforcement of Annex VI of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL Annex VI) and the strengthened global sulphur limit which comes into force in 2020. The book also examines enforcement of the international regulatory measures on Greenhouse Gasses (GHG) for shipping which the UN's International Maritime Organization (IMO) is set to adopt through its GHG Strategy. The first chapters in Part I provide an overall introduction to relevant regulations of MARPOL Annex VI, UNCLOS, Port State Control (PSC), the EU Sulphur Directive and basic jurisdictional principles of international law. Part II analyses the amplified enforcement and notifying obligations of UNCLOS chapter XII placed on flag States and the broadened jurisdictions for port and coastal States to enforce. This includes extraterritorial enforcement by port States on the high seas and how overlapping jurisdictions are resolved. These theoretical discussions on jurisdiction are tied to practical applications pertaining to PSC, detention and sanctions. Part III builds upon the conclusions of Part II in relation to the enforcement of other IMO legislation. Finally, with the increased environmental challenges relating to global warming, and given the special legal status of ships, Part IV offers an analysis of whether the IMO's regulatory measures on GHG could, in the future, be considered peremptory norms of a 'jus cogens' character, also addressing the legal implications relating to State responsibility and enforcement"--