Culture politique et politique culturelleToute activité non-professionnelle vouée à la poursuite des loisirs possède sa propre culture, laquelle influence la culture politique. La culture des loisirs constitue done un composant important de la formulation des demandes politiques d'une société. De même, les politiques gouvernementales ont un effet sur la culture des loisirs. A l'aide de multiples exemples, l'auteur illustre ces influences mutuelles entre culture des loisirs et culture politique, influences qui s'avèrent être beaucoup plus complexes et étendues qu'on ne le croit.La science politique actuelle, en négligeant aussi bien les aspects « input-output » de la culture des loisirs que ses effets sur la culture politique, en est venue à ignorer l'existence d'une partie essentielle de la réalité politique et sociale. Bien que l'étendue de cette ignorance ne permette pas pour le moment de déterminer jusqu'à quel point il sera nécessaire de reviser le champ d'étude et les méthodes de la science politique, il n'en demeure pas moins que le crucial probléme des dimensions politiques de la culture des loisirs doive reçevoir à court terme une attention toute particulière de la part des chercheurs. Cette tâche est d'autant plus urgente que la culture des loisirs a des implications importantes pour le contrôle de la pensée individuelle et collective.
This study utilizes National Opinion Research Center (NORC) surveys in 1967, 1987, and 1988, and Survey Research Center/Center for Political Studies (SRC/CPS) data from 1960 to 1986 to explore trends in Americans' knowledge of public affairs. NORC and SRC/CPS data indicate that, despite being better educated, the public in the 1980s is slightly less informed than in the 1960s. The primary culprits for diminished political information are diminution in political interest and lessened reliance on newspapers.
A majority of US adults are concerned about a rise in misinformation regarding current issues and events. The spread of inaccurate information via social media and other sources has coincided with a massive transition in the news industry. Smaller newsrooms now have fewer journalists, and their responsibilities have shifted toward producing more stories, more quickly, while contributing to their outlets' blogs and social media feeds. Lean newsroom budgets also eliminated in-house professional development for journalists, making external training programs an essential vehicle for reporters and editors to gain new content knowledge, sources, and skills in a constantly evolving news landscape. The loss of specialized beat reporters in many newsrooms since the mid-2000s has made training especially critical for journalists covering complex, science-based topics such as climate change and public health. In the USA, relatively few organizations offer science training opportunities for journalists, but the need and demand for these programs are growing as newsrooms increasingly rely on generalist reporters to cover a wide range of scientific topics. This perspective summarizes the challenges that non-specialist reporters face in covering science-based stories and describes a successful training model for improving science and environmental news coverage to yield reporting that is not only accurate but also offers the nuance and context that characterizes meaningful journalism. Americans have been bombarded with claims of "fake news" since November 2016, when Donald Trump began to reference the term following the US presidential election. The term had previously been used to refer to satirical television comedies such as "The Daily Show" and "The Colbert Report" that used a faux-journalistic format (Borden and Tew, 2007). As of late 2016, however, "fake news" became part of the cultural zeitgeist in the USA, inspiring responses ranging from comedians' punch lines to rumor-based vigilantism (Fisher et al., 2016). The purposeful spread of inaccurate information is nothing new, but a wide range of people have become concerned about fake news. In a December 2016 poll by the Pew Research Center (2016c), 64% of US adults reported feeling that "fabricated news stories cause a great deal of confusion about the basic facts of current issues and events." In this same survey, 84% of respondents reported feeling somewhat to very confident in their ability to detect fake news. Their confidence seems at odds with the continuous spread of misinformation (Chan et al., 2017). This has become a more pernicious problem in the era of social media, when anonymity and a much-accelerated version of the old-fashioned rumor mill (Zubiaga et al., 2016) allow misinformation to be spread easily, quickly, and without fear of repercussion. The freedom to spread false information on social media is exacerbated by broader communication challenges related to cognitive bias, motivated reasoning, and increasingly deep identity divides along socio-economic, political, and/or cultural lines (Kahan, 2015; Flynn et al., 2017). Selective exposure to specific information sources may be another culprit (Boxell et al., 2017; Schmidt et al., 2017). As a result, people experience a daily flood of information that may or may not be accurate. Often, individuals are left to determine the legitimacy of this information on their own, through the disparate lenses of their own biases. Against this backdrop, public discourse about environmental issues, especially climate change, has become a political minefield (Painter, 2013; Kahan, 2015) in which science is often perceived as just another opinion, rather than a foundation for discussion about policy options and practical solutions.
Greta Thunberg has called on politicians to "listen to the science" and take climate change seriously. But climate communication strategies can be more effective when "listening to the science" is complemented with "listening to society".
FROM THE BACK COVER: Over the past century, Israel has been transformed from an agricultural colony, to a welfare-warfare state, to a globally integrated "market economy" characterised by great income disparities. What lies behind this transformation? Why the shift in emphasis from "war profits" to "peace dividends" – and back to conflict? How did egalitarianism give rise to inequality? Who are the big winners here, and how have they shaped their world? Never before have these questions been answered as they are in this highly original book. In order to understand capitalist development, argue Bichler and Nitzan, we need to break the artificial separation between "economics" and "politics", and think of accumulation itself as "capitalisation of power". Applying this concept to Israel, and drawing on seemingly unrelated phenomena, the authors reveal the big picture that never makes it to the news. Diverse processes – such as global accumulation cycles, regional conflicts and energy crises, ruling class formation and dominant ideology, militarism and dependency, inflation and recession, the politics of high-technology and the transnationalisation of ownership – are all woven into a single story. The result is a fascinating account of one of the world"s most volatile regions, and a new way of understanding the global political economy.
The Department of Political Geography and Regional Studies at the University of Łódź is considered to be the biggest research centre, with the largest group of researchers involved in the field of political geography in Poland. Over the last 25 years Professor Marek Koter has managed to create in Łódź the Polish school of political geography, stimulating the development of this science in Poland, educating new political geographers every year and enjoying certain international esteem. The Łódź political geography centre draws on the beautiful tradition of Polish political geography developing in the interwar period in Lvov, Cracow, Poznan and Warsaw.
AbstractThe purpose of the article is to study the foreign science of administrative law and to determine certain areas of its adaptation in Ukraine. To achieve this purpose, we have used such methods of scientific cognition as dialectical, historical, formal and logical, system, and structural. The authors of the article have studied the content and specific features of foreign administrative and legal science, as well as have suggested possible ways to implement it into the scientific and legal system of Ukraine. It has been stated that the effective development of the national system of public administration is impossible without the quality functioning of science, which deals with studying forms and methods of administration, and an effective management system is essential for the success of any country. It has been noted that to achieve high results in the work of state agencies, their staff must be well educated on the use of optimal forms and methods of administration activity. Professionals who represent the state or local self-governments while performing their professional duties must have all the necessary skills (means) to achieve the tactical and strategic objectives set before them. The leadership of such agencies must be able to think globally and be able to set specific and objective tasks, as well as to provide the most effective means for their implementation. The historical aspects of the formation and development of administrative and legal science as a key element of the administrative system in different countries have been studied.Keywords: Administrative Law, Legal Regulation, Administrative, and Legal Science, Administrative Activity, Legislative Provision. Abstrak:Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk mempelajari ilmu asing dari hukum administrasi dan untuk menentukan area tertentu dari adaptasinya di Ukraina. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, penulis menggunakan metode kognisi ilmiah seperti dialektis, historis, formal dan logis, sistem, dan struktural. Penulis artikel telah mempelajari konten dan fitur khusus dari ilmu hukum dan administrasi asing, serta telah menyarankan cara yang mungkin untuk diterapkan ke dalam sistem ilmiah dan hukum Ukraina. Telah dinyatakan bahwa pengembangan yang efektif dari sistem administrasi publik nasional tidak mungkin tanpa fungsi ilmu pengetahuan yang berkualitas, yang berkaitan dengan mempelajari bentuk dan metode administrasi, dan sistem manajemen yang efektif sangat penting untuk keberhasilan negara manapun. Perlu dicatat bahwa untuk mencapai hasil yang tinggi dalam pekerjaan lembaga negara, staf harus dididik dengan baik tentang penggunaan bentuk dan metode kegiatan administrasi yang optimal. Profesional yang mewakili pemerintah sendiri negara bagian atau lokal saat menjalankan tugas profesional mereka harus memiliki semua keterampilan (sarana) yang diperlukan untuk mencapai tujuan taktis dan strategis yang ditetapkan sebelumnya. Pimpinan lembaga tersebut harus mampu berpikir secara global dan dapat menetapkan tugas yang spesifik dan obyektif, serta menyediakan sarana yang paling efektif untuk pelaksanaannya. Aspek historis pembentukan dan perkembangan ilmu administrasi dan hukum sebagai elemen kunci dari sistem administrasi di berbagai negara telah dipelajari.Kata Kunci: Hukum Administrasi, Peraturan Hukum, Tata Usaha, dan Ilmu Hukum, Kegiatan Administrasi, Ketentuan Legislatif. АннотацияЦелью статьи является изучение зарубежной науки административного права и определение направлений ее адаптации в Украине. Для достижения поставленной цели использованы следующие методы научного познания: диалектический, исторический, формально-логический и системно-структурный. В статье исследуется содержание и особенности зарубежной науки административного права, а также предлагаются возможные пути ее внедрения в научно-юридическую систему Украины. Указывается, что развитие отечественной системы публичного управления невозможно без качественного функционирования науки, занимающейся изучением форм и методов администрирования, а действенная управленческая система является крайне необходимым для успешной жизнедеятельности любой страны. Отмечается, что для достижения высоких результатов в работе государственных органов их кадровый состав должен быть хорошо образованным по вопросам использования оптимальных форм и методов управленческой деятельности. Специалисты, которые во время выполнения своих профессиональных обязанностей представляют государство или органы местного самоуправления, должны обладать всеми необходимыми навыками (средствами) для достижения поставленных перед ними тактических и стратегических задач. Руководство таких органов должно быть способным к глобальному мышления и уметь ставить конкретные и объективные задачи, а также предоставлять для их выполнения наиболее эффективные средства.Ключевые слова: Административное право, Правовое регулирование, Наука административного права, Управленческая деятельность, Законодательное обеспечение.
Explains why there are so many questions regarding the Central Intelligence Agency in the 1990s by focusing on some key political variables. The international policy context, the Washington political and bureaucratic contexts, and unrealistic expectations.
Investment will create a multiplier effect for the economy, especially investments from abroad which may also encourage the technology spillover and innovation process. Political risk and government investment policy are two factors considered by investors in investing. This research aimed to determine the effect of these two factors on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Indonesia. This research used data of FDI in Indonesia in 2010-2017, during which there were three changes in foreign direct investment policies in Indonesia and one political year. Using panel data analysis, this research found that government policy in revising the negative investment list had no significant effect on FDI flows in Indonesia. It can be seen that the sector effect experiencing a tightening of foreign asset ownership limitation on FDI was greater than the sector effect experiencing loosening of asset ownership limitation by foreign parties. In addition, this research found that political risk had no significant effect on FDI in Indonesia.Keywords: FDI, Politics, Policy.
