Suchergebnisse

This chapter aims at assessing the impact of the European integration on the political institutions of federal Belgium. Over the last 50 years, Belgian federal political institutions witnessed, in parallel, a pooling of their sovereignty to the EU level and a process of decentralization at the domestic level. Indeed, in EU federal Member States like Belgium, while some competences are highly Europeanized - e.g. agriculture, environment - they are, at the same time, regionalized or shared between the regional and national governance levels. This situation raises numerous questions, among which how are regional and national institutions in federal countries shaped by the multi-level setting in which they operate? Against this background, the chapter tackles the following question: how does Europeanization affects Belgian federal political institutions? In particular, the chapter analyses and compares the direct and indirect consequences of the European integration on both executive (i.e. government and their administration) and legislative (i.e. regional and national parliaments) institutions. It discusses whether acting within a multi-level setting triggers, on the one hand, a rise of the degree of centralization and cooperation between political institutions or, on the other hand, whether it stimulates pressure for more decentralization. In fine, the chapter contributes to the literature on the differentiated impact of European integration as well as on federal studies.

This chapter aims at assessing the impact of the European integration on the political institutions of federal Belgium. Over the last 50 years, Belgian federal political institutions witnessed, in parallel, a pooling of their sovereignty to the EU level and a process of decentralization at the domestic level. Indeed, in EU federal Member States like Belgium, while some competences are highly Europeanized - e.g. agriculture, environment - they are, at the same time, regionalized or shared between the regional and national governance levels. This situation raises numerous questions, among which how are regional and national institutions in federal countries shaped by the multi-level setting in which they operate? Against this background, the chapter tackles the following question: how does Europeanization affects Belgian federal political institutions? In particular, the chapter analyses and compares the direct and indirect consequences of the European integration on both executive (i.e. government and their administration) and legislative (i.e. regional and national parliaments) institutions. It discusses whether acting within a multi-level setting triggers, on the one hand, a rise of the degree of centralization and cooperation between political institutions or, on the other hand, whether it stimulates pressure for more decentralization. In fine, the chapter contributes to the literature on the differentiated impact of European integration as well as on federal studies.

The European Neighbourhood Policy: The challenge of demarcating a complex and contested field of study / Tobias Schumacher -- Beyond enlargement. Conceptualizing the study of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Frank Schimmelfennig -- EU actorness and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Arne Niemann and Nils Hoffmann -- The challenge of analysing the performance of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Dorina Baltag and Iulian Romanyshyn -- Power and leadership in the European neighbourhood: contending role concepts / Lisbeth Aggestam -- Realism and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Adrian Hyde-Price -- Constructivist approaches to the study of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Petr Kratochvil and Elsa Tulmets -- The study of the European Neighbourhood Policy through the lenses of critical approaches / Asne Kalland Aarstad and Niklas Bremberg -- Methodological and theoretical challenges to the study of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Theofanis Exadaktylos -- Legal perspectives on the study of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Peter Van Elsuwege and Roman Petrov -- The construction and deconstruction of the EU's neighbourhood / Christopher Browning -- Of borders and boundaries. The neighbourhood as the EU's buffer zone / Andreas Marchetti -- The EU and the European Neighbourhood Policy: The re-making of Europe's Identity / Jan Zielonka -- Strategic narratives of EU foreign policy and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Alister Miskimmon -- The challenges of a changing eastern neighbourhood / Elena Korosteleva -- The challenges of a changing southern neighbourhood / Thomas Demmelhuber -- Coherence, cohesiveness and consistency in the European Neighbourhood Policy / Tanja Borzel and Bidzina Lebanidze -- European Neighbourhood Policy decision-making at critical junctures: EU institutions, the Member States and neighbourhood countries / Mark Furness -- EU Member States and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Amelia Hadfield -- The European Parliament as an actor in its own right in the in the EU's neighbourhood / Cristian Nitoiu -- Financial instruments and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Anna-Sophie Maass -- The European Neighbourhood Policy between bilateralism and region-building / Federica Bicchi, Gergana Noutcheva and Benedetta Voltolini -- The EU and civilian missions in the neighbourhood / Dimitris Bouris and Madalina Dobrescu -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and the politics of sanctions / Clara Portela -- Ukraine in the European Neighbourhood Policy: A paradoxical partner / Kataryna Wolczuk -- EU-Belarus relations in the context of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Giselle Bosse -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and Moldova: A resilient oligarchic system wedged between the EU and Russia / Florent Parmentier -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and the South Caucasus / Licinia Simao -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and EU-Maghreb relations / Irene Fernandez Molina -- EU-Mashreq relations: Differentiation, conditionality and security / Peter Seeberg -- Israel and Palestine and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Sharon Pardo and Patrick Muller -- Libya and Syria: At the crossroads of European Neighbourhood Policy and EU crisis management / Nicole Koenig -- Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreements / Bernard Hoekman -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and energy / Bernd Weber -- Migration: Moving to the centre of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Florian Trauner and Jean-Pierre Cassarino -- Counter-terrorism cooperation and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Chantal Lavallee, Sarah Leonard and Christian Kaunert -- Aid in the European Neighbourhood Policy / Fabienne Bossuyt, Hrant Kostanyan, Jan Orbie and Bruno Vandecasteele -- Perceptions of the European Neighbourhood Policy and of its values and norms promotion / Elisabeth Johansson-Nogues -- European Neighbourhood Policy mechanisms: Conditionality, socialisation and differentiation / Laure Delcour and Eduard Soler I Lecha -- Geopolitics and democracy in the European Neighbourhood Policy / Anna Khakee and Richard Youngs -- Democracy promotion by functional cooperation / Tina Freyburg and Sandra Lavenex -- Human rights in the European Neighbourhood Policy / Rosa Balfour -- The promotion of civil society / Silvia Colombo and Natalia Shapovalova -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and Islamist actors in the southern neighbourhood / Michelle Pace and Sarah Wolff -- The neighbours of the EU's neighbours: Overcoming geographical silos / Sieglinde Gstohl and Erwan Lannon -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and the CFSP/CSDP: From the European Security Strategy to the Global Strategy / Thomas Henokl.

The European Union now consists of twenty-five member states, but there is confusion and disagreement about its future design. This book investigates how the Union should develop and organise itself.

EU Federalism and Constitutionalism: The Legacy of Altiero Spinelli is the first book-length study devoted not only to how Spinelli's advocacy for a federal Europe shaped European integration but also how Spinelli's ideas are essential to understanding the EU constitutional system today. The volume integrates perspectives from law, history, and political science to offer a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of the history, evolution, and future of federal principles and institutions in the European integration process.

WORLD FEDERATION FOR CULTURE COLLECTIONS Newsletter No.23 December 1995 Code Number: NL96003 Size of Files: Text: 51.7K No associated graphics files OFFICERS OF THE FEDERATION WFCC Committees WFCC ANNOUNCEMENT: EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS FOR CULTURE COLLECTIONS (ICCC8 WFCC) - "Culture Collections to improve the quality of life" 25-29 August, 1996, Veldhoven, The Netherlands TENTATIVE PROGRAMME POSTER SESSIONS AND ABSTRACTS NEW WFCC MEMBERS, NAME CHANGES AND NEW ADDRESS WFCC PUBLICATIONS ON SALE 100 Years of Culture Collections The Biodiversity of Microorganisms and the Role of Microbial Resource Centres Guidelines for the Establishment and Operation of Collections of Cultures of Microorganisms WDC DIRECTORY- World Directory of Collections of Cultures of Microorganisms NEWS FROM AND FOR CULTURE COLLECTIONS WFCC World Data Centre on Microorganisms (WDCM) Classification of microorganisms on the basis of hazards Japan Society for Culture Collections European Culture Collections' Organization (ECCO) New shipping brochure available Prevention of Biological Warfare Proliferation: Export Control of Dual-Use Goods by the European Union The use of patent strains in publications NEW CATALOGUES OF CULTURES ATCC/NIH Repository Catalogue of Human and Mouse DNA Probes and Libraries, 8th ed., 1995. ATCC Yeasts Reference Guide, 1995. The Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa MAFF Catalogue of Microorganisms PCC Pasteur Culture Collection of Cyanobacterial Strains in Axenic Culture. CCRC Catalogue of&rains, Supplement 11, 1994. IFO Catalogue of newly accepted strains November 1992 - November 1994. FCR Culture Collection Catalogue REPORT ON MICROBIAL DIVERSITY A GUIDE TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY A publication from IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) RECENT PUBLICATIONS OF INTEREST TO CULTURE COLLECTIONS NEW BOOKS RELEVANT TO CULTURE COLLECTION WORK MULTIMEDIA The World Biodiversity Database: Editor: Expert Centre for Taxonomie Identification (ETI), Amsterdam, The Netherlands FOCUS ON CULTURE COLLECTIONS European Culture Collections' Organization (ECCO) NIVA Culture Collection of Algae CONFERENCES AND MEETINGS WORKSHOPS AND TRAINING COURSES The Editor of the WFCC Newsletter welcomes any contribution you may have. Send contributions to: Dr. Dieter Claus Chemnitzerstrasse 3 D-37085 Gottingen Germany Fax +49 551 55791 or to the WFCC Secretary

AbstractAs soon as the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland was formed in 1953, disgruntled white settler politicians in the new polity pushed for the reconfiguration of its borders. Driven by decolonisation struggles across Africa and a surge of anti-colonial nationalism in Nyasaland in particular, these debates were particularly vibrant among the political establishment in Southern Rhodesia, the Federation's dominant constituent. The question of Southern Rhodesia's relationship to the Federation became divisive in right-wing circles as African decolonisation unfolded. However, as the pattern of imperial retreat solidified, the right wing abandoned interest in a reconstructed Federation and unified around a "Southern Rhodesia First" mantra. The "centrist" ruling party, entangled by the Federation's extant scaffolding, was forced to eventually embrace a partition plan which closely resembled the ideas traditionally espoused by the opposition. The process of this ideological realignment had important ramifications for Southern Rhodesian politics. In particular, it facilitated the reunification of the right wing and the embrace of unilateralism that manifested most dramatically in Southern Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence in 1965.

The EU-Russia Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, which entered into force in 1997 foresees the possible establishment of a free trade area (FTA) between the parties. The aim of our study is to evaluate the possible economic, social and environmental impact of such a free trade agreement between the European Union and Russia. The results of the analysis indicate that an EU-Russia FTA will be beneficial to the Russian Federation and the EU27. Some sectors are expected to contract in the medium term, but their importance in total output is small. Over the long run, the majority of sectors in Russia are expected to expand, while only a few sectors in the EU27 are expected to register negligible decreases in output. We estimate that welfare losses from the environmental damages would be very small for Russia (possibly even smaller due to the implementation of greener technologies), and negligible for the EU. Despite some significant negative medium-term social implications in selected sectors in Russia, the overall increase in economic activity and wages, coupled with likely domestic policies aiming at easing the impact of transitional unemployment, are expected to allow for the overall reduction in poverty rates. Overall, the results show that significant welfare gains (2.24% of GDP for Russia) would accrue from the deep FTA scenario involving a significant reduction of NTBs along with additional flanking measures, particularly on competition, IPR protection and corruption, which would help re-branding of Russia as a safe and attractive investment location. Also a number of countries such as Finland, Ireland, Netherlands, Denmark, Estonia, Slovakia, Slovenia and Sweden are expected to see their welfare increase by around 0.5% of GDP.