Suchergebnisse

AbstractThousands of Roma were killed in Ukraine by the Nazis and auxiliary police on the spot. There are more than 50,000 Roma in today's Ukraine, represented by second and third generation decendants of the genocide survivors. The discussion on Roma identity cannot be isolated from the memory of the genocide, which makes the struggle over the past a reflexive landmark that mobilizes the Roma movement. About twenty Roma genocide memorials have been erected in Ukraine during last decade, and in 2016 the national memorial of the Roma genocide was opened in Babi Yar. However, scholars do not have a clear picture of memory narratives and memory practices of the Roma genocide in Ukraine. A comprehensive analysis of the contemporary situation is not possible without an examination of the history and memory of the Roma genocide before 1991.

The supervision authority of the Ministry of National Education, which is the central administration in education policies in Turkey, is exercised by various methods in many areas. Auxiliary resources such as Education Information Network (Eba), General Directorate of Secondary Education Material (Ogmmateryal), Student/Teacher Support System (Ods) prepared by the Ministry of National Education for the use of students and teachers in lessons have been made available as an education policy on the basis of equal opportunity in education. However, the supervision and control of these resources by the Ministry of National Education at the policy evaluation stage is carried out only in Support and Training Courses, and there is no supervision or control in their use in other education and training activities. Within the scope of the Kulu District National Education Directorate Equal Opportunity in Education (KEFE) Project, ensuring that the auxiliary resources of the Ministry of National Education are used by teachers and students in lessons is supervised within a system integrity, taking into account local needs in addition to the central administration's supervision system. This research examines an example of how the KEFE project can be implemented by taking initiative in provincial organizations within the local decision-making process, which is mostly seen in local governments, by extending the partial control system of the central administration to all education and training activities, outside the central administration in the supervision of education policies. Keywords: Public Policies, Education policies, Local decision-making process, Ministry of National Education.

Population health (measured in terms of life expectancy and under-five mor-tality rate) has improved under the era of the Millennium Development Goals. The aim of the thesis was to examine the association between population health and health care resources in poor countries, to better understand the situation and how to improve it. I have done an ecological analysis of aggregate data. The sample consisted of 91 low- and lower-middle-income countries. Changes in life expectancy and in under-five mortality rate from 1995 to 2009 were used as dependent variables. Included as independent variables were gross national income (GNI) per capita, total health expenditures (THE) as percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), governmental expenditures as percentage of THE, external resources as percentage of THE, separate densities of physicians and nurses, and measles vaccination coverage. The predictors of life expectancy and child mortality rate were in a large degree different. Total health expenditure (% of GDP) and external resources (% of total health expenditure) stood out as the strongest predictors. Large increase in THE as percentage of GDP and/or large increase in the percentage of THE originating from external resources, independent of the level in 1995, was considered as the most important of the predictors of improved population health. Keywords: life expectancy, under-five mortality rate, health care resources, GNI per capita

Rationale and extent of Soviet labor turnover, 1970s and 1980s. Partial contents: Recent trends in unplanned mobility; Industrial turnover and branch employment; Technological change and worker mobility; Workers' discipline: limits and potential.

Сучасні процеси регіонального розвитку об'єктивно свідчать про те, що вирішення складних управлінських завдань неможливе без комплексного дослідження регіонів. Роль соціально-економічного аналізу в умовах ринкової економіки та глобалізаційних процесів важко переоцінити, оскільки аналіз пронизує всі стадії управління. Реалізація функцій публічного управління неможлива без здійснення соціально-економічного аналізу: для планування й організації необхідний аналіз можливих варіантів рішень,; для керівництва і контролю важливим є порівняння фактичних результатів з установленими завданнями, що забезпечує проведення управлінського контролю. Проблемні питання діагностики стану соціально-економічної системи регіонів в Україні набувають особливої актуальності, адже нині ця необхідність визначається геоекономічними та геополітичними особливостями. В умовах реформування всіх сфер економічного життя країни, основний тягар реформ переміщується на місцевий, тобто регіональний рівень, виникає необхідність змін у методах управління окремою територією, місцевістю, зоною. Для того, щоб розробити ефективну національну і регіональну економічну політику, концепції та стратегії розвитку окремих регіонів, територіально-адміністративних одиниць, точно визначити депресивні території, які вимагають пріоритетної державної підтримки, необхідно провести аналіз найрізноманітніших питань у регіональному аспекті. Modern processes of regional development objectively indicate that the solution of complex management problems is not possible without a comprehensive study of the regions. The role of socio-economic analysis in a market economy and globalization is difficult to overestimate, since analysis permeates all stages of government. Implementation of public administration functions is impossible without carrying out socio-economic analysis: planning and organization requires analysis of possible solutions; for management and control, it is important to compare actual results with assigned tasks, which ensures management control. The problematic issues of diagnosing the state of the socio-economic system of regions in Ukraine are of particular relevance, because now this need is determined by geoeconomic and geopolitical features. In the conditions of reforming all spheres of economic life of the country, the main burden of reforms is shifting to the local, ie regional level, there is a need for changes in the methods of managing a particular territory, locality, and zone. In order to develop effective national and regional economic policies, concepts and strategies for the development of individual regions, territorial-administrative units, to identify precisely the depressed territories that require priority state support, it is necessary to analyze a variety of issues in the regional aspect

In this article, presented as the Second Annual Thesis Eleven Centre Lecture in 2003, Bernard Smith discusses the practice of writing art history in, and about, Australia and Europe. Smith defends periodization, and argues for the necessity of henceforth viewing what is typically called modernism as what he calls the formalesque. Further discussion includes problems of classification, the role of theory, and the place of Aboriginal art in white art history. The article thus surveys the condition of art history in Australia, its emergence and consolidation as a discipline, and its present situation as part of contemporary world culture.

The study focused on Caregivers' Position in Stirring Virtue Based Education in Early Childhood Centres in Rivers State. Virtue is that admirable character or disposition which contributes to social harmony. It enables people to feel appropriately and have the right intention. The development of virtuous character such as cooperation, self-esteem, discipline among others is highly valued in every society worldwide. The realization of the existing gab in the inculcation of these virtues in the early childhood centres is the backdrop for this paper. In doing this, the paper discussed virtue as applied in early childhood education. It discussed also, the role of the caregivers in inculcation of virtue based education, the child's behavior and virtue based learning and the significance of virtue based education. Being a descriptive survey research, the statement of problem was identified, purpose of study, theoretical framework and conceptual framework were developed. Methodology and the findings were discussed. It was concluded among others that virtue is a necessary ingredient needed in the society for political and economic stability. It was therefore recommended among others that caregivers should model, motivate and counsel children for the attainment of virtuous life style among children

Discussion of the cognitive division of labor has usually made very little contact with relevant materials from other disciplines, including theoretical biology, management science, and design theory. This article draws on these materials to consider some unavoidable conundrums faced by any attempt to present a particular way of dividing tasks among a labor team as the uniquely rational way of doing this, given the interdependence of the underlying evaluative standards by which the products of a system of division of labor will be judged. Divisions of labor will typically cut across these interdependencies in ways which leave the outcomes of a process of labor hostage to path dependencies and suboptimalities. Some attempts to avoid these results are shown to be unsuccessful. All these difficulties are compounded by the fact that, in many cases, the division of labor has to be constructed over a ground of values that is itself being constructed simultaneously with the products which they are invoked to assess.

This article introduces a theoretical model that shows how four mechanisms (work–life balance, psychological, gatekeeper bias and diversity mechanisms) explain why pursuing a nomination as list Members of Parliament is the more attractive option for women in mixed-member electoral systems. It also demonstrates how women's resulting greater likelihood of being list Members of Parliament creates what we call a gendered cycle, further reducing women's interest in the single-member district tier. To empirically test our model, we present quantitative data for the case of New Zealand and Germany, as well as qualitative interview data collected from members of German parties' women's auxiliary organisations.

Acknowledgements -- Contributors -- Introduction-- Section I: Pragmatic variation according to macrosocial factors: 1. Regional pragmatic variation in small shops in Mexico City, Buenos Aires, and Seville, Spain / J. César Félix-Brasdefer & Allison B. Yates -- 2. Corner-store interactions in Cartagena and Bucaramanga: A variational pragmatics study / Rebeca Bataller -- 3. 'No, gracias amigo': Refusals of bargaining offers in e-service encounters in Mercado Libre Ecuador and Mercado Libre Venezuela / María Elena Placencia & Carmen García -- 4. Gender variation in address form selection in corner store interactions in a Nicaraguan community / Jeff Michno -- 5. Gender variation in the perception of appropriate behavior in hotel service encounters in Spain / Lucía Fernández-Amaya & María de la O Hernández-López -- 6. The role of gender in Mexican e-service encounters / Laura M. Merino Hernández -- 7. Forms of address and gender in Costa Rican service encounters / Jorge Murillo Medrano -- 8. Pragmatic variation by age in women's use of post-refusal small talk during service encounters in Rosario, Uruguay / Heather R. Kaiser -- 9. Verbal humor and age in cafes and bars in Seville, Spain / Manuel Padilla Cruz -- 10. Socioeconomic variation and conflict in Spanish retailer-consumer interactions on Facebook / Patricia Bou-Franch & Pilar Garcés-Conejos Blitvich -- Section II: Pragmatic variation according to microsocial and situational factors: 11. Interpersonal work in service encounters on Mercado Libre Argentina: A comparison between buyer and vendor patterns across two market domains / Hebe Powell & María Elena Placencia -- 12. The effects of social distance in service encounters in Puerto Rican panaderías / Juan M. Escalona Torres -- Section III: Theoretical and methodological issues: 13. Re-thinking pragmatic variation: The case of service encounters from a modified variational pragmatics perspective / Klaus P. Schneider -- 14. Pragmatic variation in service encounter complaints: Some methodological issues / Ronald Geluykens.

Elementary teachers are professional educators with the primary task of educating, teaching, guiding, directing, train, assess, and evaluate students. Implementation of Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010 on Discipline of Civil Servants and Pemalang decree No. 26 of 2012 on Days and Hours of Work PNS Pemalang regency government, which regulates the working hours of teachers pose problems for elementary school teachers. This research method using sociological juridical approach. The results mentioned: 1) Implementation discipline elementary school teacher for adhering to regulations concerning thediscipline of civil servants in UPPK Park is the implementation of Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010 on Discipline of civil servants, and the decree Pemalang Number 26 Year 2012 on Days and Hours of Work PNS District Government Pemalang. 2) The problems that arise are not all elementary school teachers to obey the rules of discipline of civil servants on working hours of civil servants, 3) solution the problems that arise include: a) Orientation on elementary school teachers on discipline regulations on working hours PNS PNS. b) Monitoring the implementation of discipline Elementary School Teacher of regulations more intensified civil servants workinghours. c) Provision of strict sanctions for elementary school teachers who violate the rules of discipline of civil servants in working hours of civil servants obey. d) The reset of the timingof the task of the teacher so the teacher can carry out all tasks without violating civil service disciplinary regulations on working hours of civil servants.