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The period 1978–83 saw swift escalation of earlier policies to promote rapid fertility decline in China. The government attempted to remove pronatalist economic incentives and replace them with economic benefits to one-child families and economic penalties for those bearing two or more children. China's family planning programme became increasingly compulsory in tone and coercive in methods. The single-minded pursuit of low fertility and low population growth rates has thus far been successful, though an effective political reaction against the policy is possible in the future. Meanwhile, the field of demography, the scientific study of population, has once again become respectable in China and the country's demographers are gaining rapidly in sophistication. After three decades of statistical secrecy, the government has begun to release relatively detailed demographic data, thus greatly increasing world understanding of China's population situation.

A collection of miscellaneous pamphlets. ; American federation for sex hygiene. Report of the special committee on the matter and methods of sex education, presented before the subsection on sex hygiene of the fifteenth International congress on hygiene and demography . [1913] -- Carter, H. D. Family resemblances in verbal and numerical abilities [1932] -- Dollard, J. . The changing functions of the American family . 1931. -- [Joint committee on social hygiene] The attitudes of mothers towards sex education . 1929. -- McKeever, W. A. Home training bulletin, no. 1-8 . [1900?] -- Marvin, D. M. . Occupational propinquity as a factor in marriage selection . 1918. -- Newland, H. C. . The change in attitude towards sex freedom as disclosed by American journals of opinion during the years 1911 to 1930 . 1935. -- Sellin, J. T. Marriage and divorce legislation in Sweden . [1922] ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 14

This thesis aims to analyse Russia's international relations through its demographics. The choice is justified by the scale of socio-political changes in the country since the end of USSR and by the seriousness of the Russian demographic situation since 1991. The country is facing a lasting demographic decline and the regional demographic disparity has been accentuated. The question becomes therefore a major political issue. This demographic decline has impacts on the territory, the economy and the army, redefining thus the Russian power. International relations theories show the complexity of the connection between demographics and international relations of a State. The demographic factor seems less integrated by leaders but it offers further analysis that puts Russian foreign policy rhetoric into perspective. The demographic criteria could have a larger influence on Russia's international issues. It offers also opportunities. Demography plays an ambiguous role in Moscow's Chinese and Asian policies. The Russian demographic decline has had an impact on the redefinition of the relations between Russia and CIS countries. Migration ties with Russia are the result of a demographic interdependence that becomes an economic and then political one. The demographic reality in the post-Soviet area favours a soft power based policy for Moscow in Central Asia, especially in Kazakhstan. The Russia demographic reality has contributed to a shift within Russian foreign policy and a change of position for Russia in the world. ; Cette thèse a pour objectif d'analyser les relations internationales de la Russie par le biais de sa démographie. Ce choix se justifie par l'ampleur des changements socio-politiques du pays depuis la fin de l'URSS, et par la gravité de la situation démographique russe depuis 1991. Le pays connaît un déclin démographique durable, et l'hétérogénéité démographique régionale se renforce. La question devient alors un enjeu politique majeur. Ce déclin démographique a des impacts sur le territoire, l'économie et l'armée, redéfinissant ainsi la puissance russe. Les théories des relations internationales montrent la complexité du lien démographie/relations internationales d'un Etat. Le facteur démographique semble peu intégré par les décideurs, mais apporte un complément d'analyse qui relativise le discours de politique étrangère russe. Le critère démographique pourrait jouer un rôle plus important sur des enjeux internationaux de la Russie. Il lui offre même des opportunités. La démographie a un rôle ambigu dans les politiques chinoise et asiatique de Moscou. Le déclin démographique russe a participé à une redéfinition des relations entre la Russie et les pays de la CEI. Les liens migratoires avec la Russie sont le résultat d'une interdépendance démographique qui devient économique et ensuite politique. La réalité démographique de l'espace post-soviétique favorise une politique de soft power de Moscou en Asie centrale, notamment au Kazakhstan. Le déclin démographique russe a donc contribué à un changement de la politique étrangère et de la place de la Russie dans le monde

Part 1: Introduction -- Rising inequalities and a changing social geography of cities. An introduction to the global segregation book -- Residential segregation between income groups in international perspective -- Part 2: Africa -- Income inequality, socio-economic status and residential segregation in Greater Cairo: 1986-2006 -- Social inequality and spatial segregation in Cape Town -- Income inequality and socio-economic segregation in the city of Johannesburg -- Part 3: Asia -- Dual land regime, income inequalities and multifaceted socio-economic and spatial segregation in Hong Kong -- Income inequality and socioeconomic segregation in Jakarta -- Socio-spatial segregation and exclusion in Mumbai -- Social polarisation and socio-economic segregation in Shanghai, China: Evidence from 2000 and 2010 censuses -- Increasing inequality and the changing spatial distribution of income in Tel-Aviv -- Changes in occupational structure and residential segregation in Tokyo -- Part 4: Australia -- The land of the 'fair go'? Mapping income inequality and socioeconomic segregation across Melbourne neighbourhoods -- Part 5: Europe -- Making sense of segregation in a well-connected city: the case of Berlin.

Contextualising Citizenship, Nationalism and Refugeehood: The Case of Rohingya -- Precarity and the dilemma of citizenship of Rohingya -- Problematizing national identity: conceptualization of nationalism amongst Rohingya refugees -- Politics of Statelessness and Citizenship: Rohingyas Quest for 'Home' -- The Indian media and the Rohingya question -- 'Maritime Ping-Pong?': The Rohingyas on boat' -- The Silence of Democracy: The question of Rohingyas in Myanmar.

Cover -- CONTENTS -- INCOME INEQUALITY IN HONG KONG SAR -- A. Background -- B. Empirical Analysis -- C. Policy Recommendations -- References -- TABLES -- 1. Panel Regression Estimates of the Drivers of Inequality -- 2. Summary Results from Literature on Growth and Inequality -- FINANCIAL CONDITIONS AND GROWTH-AT-RISK IN HONG KONG SAR -- References -- TABLE -- 1. Underlying FCI Variables by Category -- FIGURE -- 1. Changes in Financial Conditions Affect Growth Risks -- APPENDIX -- I. Estimation of the Conditional Quantiles -- POSSIBLE SPILLOVERS FROM INTERNATIONAL TAX REFORMS -- A. The 2018 U.S. Tax Reform and Other Recent Reforms -- B. Impact on Hong Kong SAR from U.S. Tax Rate Cut -- C. Impact from Other Reforms -- D. Conclusions -- References

Introduction -- Chapter 1: Positive Aging Theories and Views on Aging -- Chapter 2: The Politics of Positive Aging -- Chapter 3: The Social Reality of Aging -- Chapter 4: Perceptions of the Precarious Life: The Middle-Aged Precariat in Germany -- Chapter 5: Views on Aging in Precarious and Financially Secure Individuals -- Chapter 6: Preparing for Old Age -- Chapter 7: Precarity and Views on Aging -- Chapter 8: Precarity and Preparing for Old Age -- Chapter 9: Positive Aging in the Context of Precarity: Conclusions and Implications

Das vorliegende Buch zum Deutschen Alterssurvey (DEAS) stellt mit einem breiten Themenspektrum dar, dass die Lebensphase Alter vielfältig ist und sich wandelt: Ältere Menschen sind heute aktiver als vor 20 Jahren. Sie sind länger erwerbstätig, engagieren sich häufiger ehrenamtlich, sie treiben mehr Sport und sind mehrheitlich sozial gut eingebunden. Nehmen aber auch die Ungleichheiten im Alter zu? Befunde zu dieser Frage liefert der DEAS, die bundesweit wichtigste repräsentative Langzeitbefragung von Menschen, die sich in der zweiten Lebenshälfte befinden, also 40 Jahre und älter sind. Der DEAS wird seit 1996 vom Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend (BMFSFJ) finanziert. Das Buch zum DEAS 2014 stellt einen wesentlichen Teil der Sozialberichterstattung zum Thema Alter dar, ist Grundlage der Seniorenpolitik auf Bundesebene und Impulsgeber der sozial- und verhaltenswissenschaftlichen Alternsforschung. Der Inhalt Aktuelle Ergebnisse zum Wandel der Lebenssituation älterer Menschen in Deutschland innerhalb der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte Die Zielgruppen Wissenschaftler/innen aus dem Bereich der Altersforschung • Lehrende und Studierende der Sozialwissenschaften • Politische Entscheidungsträger/innen Die Herausgeber/innen Dr. Katharina Mahne, Dr. Julia K. Wolff, Dr. Julia Simonson und Prof. Dr. Clemens Tesch-Römer arbeiten am Deutschen Zentrum für Altersfragen (DZA), einem auf dem Gebiet der sozial- und verhaltenswissenschaftlichen Gerontologie tätigen wissenschaftlichen Forschungsinstitut des Bundes

Machine generated contents note: -- PART I: -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Interactive Effects of States and Societies on Censuses -- PART II: -- 3. Fiscal Information Gathering -- 4. Fiscal Information Gathering on the Italian Peninsula before National Unification -- PART III: -- 5. Towards Population Censuses -- 6. The Population Census for Legislative Representation in the United States -- 7. Precocious Censuses in the Italian Regional States -- 8. Conclusions

Happiness and Place is about places -- cities, suburbs and towns -- and happiness of people living there. Taking an interdisciplinary, approach, Okulicz-Kozaryn examines the relationship between human happiness and the infrastructure of the places they live in. The work takes the increasing urbanization of the United States as its focus, but draws on global examples, discussing the factors that attract people to live in cities and suburbs and the decreasing happiness associated with that lifestyle. Amidst the common pro-urbanism or pro-sub-urbanism, this thought-provoking book argues for the often overlooked idea that we are happiest in smaller areas.

This book mainly focuses on the status, trends and countermeasures of carrying capacity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region. It presents the results a comprehensive survey and systematic research on the carrying capacity of this region and its mega-cities, conducted in the hope of providing decision-making support for the governments of this region. The primary goals are to be able to actively respond to the new challenges of global climate changes and environmental resource constraints; fully practice green development concepts; and actively promote transformation in the development of the population, resources, environment, economics, society and ecology in this region.

Europe's population is ageing and decreasing. Demographic change is making not only regional and territorial adaptation necessary, but also new region-specific spatial planning and regional development. This publication focusses on demographic change and its implications for the economy and social systems in the Alpine areas, which differ widely from their surrounding metropolitan areas. It provides a specific regional in-depth study in order to help establish suitable adaptation and development programs. It covers various aspects including demographic analysis, onsite participatory strategies and implementation processes, as well as generalized adaptation strategies. Reports on pilot actions in various regions across the Alps demonstrate how demographic change can be approached from a practitioner's perspective. The volume is based on the results of the project DEMOCHANGE, which was co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund in the frame of the European Territorial Cooperation "Alpine Space" program