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This work will be a useful guide for those who look for rules and practice on the relations between neighboring States in the absence of maritime boundaries. The main question the author is trying to tackle is how to handle the relations between neighboring coastal States when there is no maritime boundary in place. This book attempts to clarify the legal issues of exploitation of oil, gas and fisheries resources, and jurisdictional conflicts with regard to marine scientific research and protection of the marine environment in disputed areas. This book shows numerous instances of provisional arrangements in disputed areas around the globe together with as many as forty-five valuable maps. The author, a scholar and diplomat of Korea, gives an up-to-date and in-depth analysis of the complicated legal issues of maritime delimitation and provisional arrangements in North East Asia. The English texts of the provisional arrangements in the region annexed to the book are also valuable materials

Intro -- Table of Contents -- Introduction -- Acknowledgements -- SECTION 1 LAND, WATER, AND CLIMATE -- SECTION 2 POPULATION -- SECTION 3 MIGRATION -- SECTION 4 BIRTHS AND DEATHS -- SECTION 5 MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE -- SECTION 6 HEALTH -- SECTION 7 FOOD AND NUTRITION -- SECTION 8 LABOR -- SECTION 9 NATIONAL INCOME AND WEALTH -- SECTION 10 CONSUMER INCOME AND EXPENDITURES -- SECTION 11 SOCIAL WELFARE -- SECTION 12 EDUCATION AND LEARNING -- SECTION 13 LAW ENFORCEMENT, COURTS, AND PRISONS -- SECTION 14 ARTS, ENTERTAINMENT, RECREATION, AND TRAVEL -- SECTION 15 AGRICULTURE -- SECTION 16 FORESTRY AND FISHERIES -- SECTION 17 MINERALS -- SECTION 18 CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING -- SECTION 19 MANUFACTURING -- SECTION 20 TRANSPORTATION -- SECTION 21 COMMUNICATIONS -- SECTION 22 ENERGY -- SECTION 23 DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICES -- SECTION 24 INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS AND FOREIGN COMMERCE -- SECTION 25 BUSINESS ENTERPRISE -- SECTION 26 PRODUCTIVITY AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT -- SECTION 27 FINANCIAL MARKETS AND INSTITUTIONS -- SECTION 28 POLITICS AND ELECTIONS -- SECTION 29 GOVERNMENT - FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL -- SECTION 30 PUBLIC FINANCE -- SECTION 31 NATIONAL DEFENSE -- INDEX

List of Tables and Figures -- Preface -- List of Abbreviations -- PART 1 THE FRAMEWORK In the Beginning Britain and Europe -- The Evolving Community Institutions: Council and Court Institutions: Commission and Parliament -- PART 2 THE THEORY OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION The Economics of Integration -- Trade Creation and Trade Diversion -- Scale and Externalities -- Terms of Trade and Dynamic Effects -- Empirical Testing of the Theory -- The Impact on Britain -- PART 3 MICRO-ECONOMIC POLICIES Competition Policy -- Industrial Policy -- The Birth of the Common Agricultural Policy -- The Life of the Common Agricultural Policy -- The Common Fisheries Policy -- Transport Policy -- Energy Policy -- Social and Environmental Policy -- Tax Harmonisation -- PART 4 MACRO-ECONOMIC POLICIES The Community Budget -- European Monetary -- Union 1: The Theory European Monetary Union -- 2: The Practice Regional Policy -- Commercial Policy -- 1: Friends and Neighbours Commercial Policy -- 2: The World at Large -- PART 5 CONCLUSIONS 1992 and all that Statistical Appendix -- Index.

Agribusiness is an important support in national economic development. This research aims to determine the complete agribusiness system that is interrelated with economic activities. This research methodology is a literature review which is based on Indonesian government regulations. The results of this research show that agribusiness has a strategic role in the formation of GDP, employment, international trade, regional economic development, national food security, environmental preservation, and equal distribution of development results. In the development and implementation of agribusiness that is already underway, there are still many obstacles. To solve very complex economic problems, especially in the agricultural sector, Indonesia requires sharpening (focusing) economic development strategies which are expected to be able to provide solutions to existing problems. So synergy is needed in the agribusiness sector, namely between agriculture, plantations, animal husbandry, fisheries, and forestry with the development of upstream and downstream agricultural industries as well as the development of related service sectors therein.

Minimal chemical pollution, increased offshore wind farms and energy production sustainability
Coordinator of the Anemoi project, Bavo De Witte (ILVO), discusses the path to minimal chemical pollution and increasing the sustainability of offshore wind energy. Offshore wind energy production is a relatively sustainable yet fast-growing industry, contributing to the UN development goals on green energy and climate actions. Europe's total offshore wind power capacity as of September 2023 is 32 GW (1), only 20% of the European target to produce >150 GW by 2030. The vast increase in offshore energy production urged different European countries to monitor the potential effects of offshore wind farms (OWFs) on the marine ecosystem, including the impact of underwater noise, the introduction of novel habitats, and the exclusion of fisheries. However, the potential risk of chemical emissions by OWF structures remains largely unknown though estimated to be small.

The inter-connectedness of marine ecosystems has been repeatedly acknowledged in the relevant literature as well as in policy briefs. Against this backdrop, this article aims at further reflecting on the question of to what extent the law of the sea takes account of or disregards ocean connectivity. In order to address this question, this article starts by providing a brief overview of the notion of ocean connectivity from a marine science perspective, before taking a closer look at the extent to which the law of the sea incorporates the scientific imperative of ocean connectivity in the context of four examples: (i) straits, (ii) climate change and ocean acidification, (iii) salmon and (iv) the ecosystem approach to fisheries. Tying the findings of the different examples together, this study concludes by stressing the need of accommodating ocean connectivity not only in the interpretation and implementation of the existing law (of the sea) but also in its further development.

Marine fisher communities of Kwale in the South Coast of Kenya have, for generations, depended nearly exclusively on fisheries and fish-based livelihoods. In recent times, dwindling fish catch has threatened their livelihoods. Diversification of livelihood sources is touted as a potential remedy, but much less is understood about the available alternative sustainable options and their viability. This study examined the potency and viability of the alternative livelihood options for the fishermen communities. It used a cross-sectional descriptive survey design premised on mixed qualitative and quantitative methods to collect and analyse the data from 346 randomly selected households. Emerging livelihood options with potency for adoption include apiculture, seaweed farming, agriculture, small business enterprises and mangrove conservation, among others. Preference is given to supplemental livelihood sources as opposed to alternative livelihoods. Implications for policy include the need for public extension services and training to invigorate households' income.

Unprecedented and dramatic transformations are occurring in the Arctic in response to climate change, but academic, public, and political discourse has disproportionately focussed on the most visible and direct aspects of change, including sea ice melt, permafrost thaw, the fate of charismatic megafauna, and the expansion of fisheries. Such narratives disregard the importance of less visible and indirect processes and, in particular, miss the substantive contribution of the shelf seafloor in regulating nutrients and sequestering carbon. Here, we summarise the biogeochemical functioning of the Arctic shelf seafloor before considering how climate change and regional adjustments to human activities may alter its biogeochemical and ecological dynamics, including ecosystem function, carbon burial, or nutrient recycling. We highlight the importance of the Arctic benthic system in mitigating climatic and anthropogenic change and, with a focus on the Barents Sea, offer some observations and our perspectives on future management and policy. ; SCOPUS: ar.j ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published

International audience ; Migratory marine species cross political borders and enter the high seas, where the lack of an effective global management framework for biodiversity leaves them vulnerable to threats. Here, we combine 10,108 tracks from 5775 individual birds at 87 sites with data on breeding population sizes to estimate the relative year-round importance of national jurisdictions and high seas areas for 39 species of albatrosses and large petrels. Populations from every country made extensive use of the high seas, indicating the stake each country has in the management of biodiversity in international waters. We quantified the links among national populations of these threatened seabirds and the regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) which regulate fishing in the high seas. This work makes explicit the relative responsibilities that each country and RFMO has for the management of shared biodiversity, providing invaluable information for the conservation and management of migratory species in the marine realm.

International audience ; Migratory marine species cross political borders and enter the high seas, where the lack of an effective global management framework for biodiversity leaves them vulnerable to threats. Here, we combine 10,108 tracks from 5775 individual birds at 87 sites with data on breeding population sizes to estimate the relative year-round importance of national jurisdictions and high seas areas for 39 species of albatrosses and large petrels. Populations from every country made extensive use of the high seas, indicating the stake each country has in the management of biodiversity in international waters. We quantified the links among national populations of these threatened seabirds and the regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) which regulate fishing in the high seas. This work makes explicit the relative responsibilities that each country and RFMO has for the management of shared biodiversity, providing invaluable information for the conservation and management of migratory species in the marine realm.

Migratory marine species cross political borders and enter the high seas, where the lack of an effective global management framework for biodiversity leaves them vulnerable to threats. Here, we combine 10,108 tracks from 5775 individual birds at 87 sites with data on breeding population sizes to estimate the relative year-round importance of national jurisdictions and high seas areas for 39 species of albatrosses and large petrels. Populations from every country made extensive use of the high seas, indicating the stake each country has in the management of biodiversity in international waters. We quantified the links among national populations of these threatened seabirds and the regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) which regulate fishing in the high seas. This work makes explicit the relative responsibilities that each country and RFMO has for the management of shared biodiversity, providing invaluable information for the conservation and management of migratory species in the marine realm.

The research about Implementation of minister of marine and fisheries regulation Number 71/PERMEN-KP/2016 was carried out from 3 June to 10 June 2020 in PPN Sibolga, North Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study was to find out implementation, fishermen's responses, and problems that arries because this regulation Number 71/PERMEN-KP/2016 about fishing gear purse seine in PPN Sibolga, North Sumatra Province. The research approach used in this study is qualitative approach with Case study metodhs. Data retrival conducted by researchers is by interviews, observation and documentations. While data analysis is done trough three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion / verification. The results showed that all respondents studied 100% has been implemented this policy Number 71/PERMEN-KP/2016, almost all of the respondents rejected the policy, and the problems that arrise because of the policy is considered detrimental to fisherman who use vessels under 30 GT.

Despite the cultural and economic importance of fisheries to communities in the region, the Mfimi is one of the least well-documented river systems in the central Congo basin. Here we present a preliminary listing of species collected during two surveys sampling 35 sites along the main channel, in major tributaries, and in some marginal habitats. A total of 2195 specimens representing 141 species were collected and archived at the American Museum of Natural History, New York, and in the teaching collections of the University of Kinshasa. Five species are considered as potentially new to science, and range extensions of numerous species into the Mfimi are recorded. Based on the data presented we conclude that the fish communities in the Mfimi share affinities with those of the Cuvette Centrale to the north, rather than the Kasai basin with which the river is currently connected via an inflow at the Kwa-Kasai junction.

The availability of inputs is very decisive in the sustainability of the Toman fish farming business in karamba where the availability of the necessary inputs must be available continuously, both investment and operational. The problem faced by cultivators is the lack of seed availability for cultivation and the difficulty of obtaining fish feed in the form of small fish and small shrimp. This study used a survey method at a purposive research location in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. Results of the study: 1. The availability of inputs and infrastructure for toman fish cultivation in karamba, was fulfilled from HSU Regency in South Kalimantan Province and East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. 2. Supporting facilities for Toman fish cultivation in karamba that can be accessed by Toman fish cultivators are counseling on the technicalities of toman fish cultivation by the government and higher education institutions (Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Affairs, ULM), as well as seed assistance from the government.

Illegal fishing in Indonesia is at an alarming point, that the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries made a policy of ship sinking. There are pros and cons related to these sanctions, not even a little resistance from both the internal government itself and the mafia who have been enjoying the results of Illegal Fishing. The sustainability of this policy has been almost 4 years. Data represents that through this policy, illegal fishing has dropped dramatically, so that when viewed in terms of criminal penalties for deterrence (absolute theory), the policy is very effective. However, whether the policy has an impact on the income of local fishermen, logically, when there is illegal fishing of small fish, the income of local fishermen increases. In order to figure out the effectiveness of illegal fishing sanctions in relation to increasing local fishermen's income, the researchers determined the location of the study in the Tambak Lorok Fishing Village in Semarang.