Suchergebnisse

Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction: Puerto Rican Radical Politics in the 1970s -- Puerto Rican Radical Activism -- Narrow Readings of the Puerto Rican Left -- Ideological Inspirations -- Counternarratives -- El Comité-MINP's Political Path -- 2 Operation Move-In and the Making of a Political Movement -- Puerto Ricans and New York's Political Economy: 1960s-1970s -- Political Protest in New York in the 1960s -- Urban "Renewal" or Urban "Removal"? -- Operation Move-In -- Spontaneous to Conscious Political Activism -- 3 Colonialism, Migration, and Nationalism in Political Identity -- Operation Bootstrap -- Nationalism in Political Identity -- The "National Question" -- Political Evolution -- 4 From Community Organizing to Radical Politics, 1971-1975 -- Part I: Think Globally, Act Locally-Struggles for Democratic Rights -- Community Control in Education -- Por Los Niños -- Bilingual Education in District 3 -- Latino Programming at PBS and Gypsy Cabs in New York -- Workers' Rights -- Minority Construction Workers Fight for Inclusion -- Part II: Development of the Cadre Organization -- Diverse Composition -- "Revolutionary Morality" -- Women's Commission -- Political Studies -- Education and Resource Mobilization -- Democratic Centralism and Government Surveillance -- Dual Objectives -- 5 Resisting Cutbacks and Imagining Revolution, 1975-1980 -- Latin Women's Collective -- Resisting Setbacks in Education and Health Care -- Frente Estudiantil Puertorriqueño: Defending SUNY Old Westbury's Mission -- Student Strikes -- Coalition to Save Metropolitan Hospital -- Unifying Theory and Practice -- 6 Solidarity Work and Party-Building -- Solidarity with Puerto Rico -- Campaigns to Free Political Prisoners -- United Nations Decolonization Committee Hearings -- Vieques Support Network

""The picture of Hume clinging timidly to a raft of custom and artifice, because, poor skeptic, he has no alternative, is wrong, "" writes John Stewart. ""Hume was confident that by experience and reflection philosophers can achieve true principles."" In this revisionary work Stewart surveys all of David Hume's major writings to reveal him as a liberal moral and political philosopher. Against the background of seventeenth-and eighteenth-century history and thought, Hume emerges as a proponent not of conservatism but of reform. Stewart first presents the dilemma over morals in the modern natu

Interethnic romantic relationships can be perceived as indicators of integration, but they can also be facilitators of successful social integration. This is why we considered it important to study Roma people who had already had a non-Roma partner. We were looking for answers to the question of what is characteristic of these people compared to those who have only been in a romantic relationship or marriage with a Roma partner throughout their lives. In our study, we investigated the correlations using a Khi2 test and decision tree analysis on a sample of 535 Roma people in Hungary. Among the sociodemographic characteristics, gender, marital status, actual relationship status, educational attainment, belonging to a Roma community (Romungro, Olah, Boyash), occupation and settlement type were significantly associated with whether Roma respondents had ever had a non-Roma partner. Roma people with less than eight years of primary education had the most homogeneous partner choice habits. Roma people with more than eight years of education, unmarried, cohabiting with their partner or not living with their partner had had non-Roma partners in the highest proportion. As educational attainment increases, it can be assumed that more and more Roma-non-Roma romantic relationships and marriages will be formed in Hungary.

This social, cultural, and political history of Slavic Muslim women of the Yugoslav region in the first decades of the post-Ottoman era is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of the issues confronting these women. It is based on a study of voluntary associations (philanthropic, cultural, Islamic-traditionalist, and feminist) of the period. It is broadly held that Muslim women were silent and relegated to a purely private space until 1945, when the communist state "unveiled" and "liberated" them from the top down. After systematic archival research in Bosnia, Croatia, Serbia, and Austria, Fabio Giomi challenges this view by showing: • How different sectors of the Yugoslav elite through association publications, imagined the role of Muslim women in post-Ottoman times, and how Muslim women took part in the construction or the contestation of these narratives. • How associa­tions employed different means in order to forge a generation of "New Muslim Women" able to cope with the post-Ottoman political and social circumstances. • And how Muslim women used the tools provided by the associations in order to pursue their own projects, aims and agendas. The insights are relevant for today's challenges facing Muslim women in Europe. The text is illustrated with exceptional photographs

AbstractA common group decision‐making problem is that in which: (a) several judges express their subjective preference rankings regarding some objects of interest and (b) these rankings should then be aggregated into a collective judgement. The authors recently developed an aggregation technique – denominated "ZMII" – aggregating these rankings into a ratio scaling of the objects, which represents the solution to the decision‐making problem of interest. This technique also includes a flexible response mode, which tolerates incomplete rankings and can, therefore, be adapted to various practical contexts, such as quality improvement activities, field surveys, product‐comparison surveys, etc.The aim of this article is proposing an original approach to verify the robustness of the ZMII‐technique under the influence of various factors, especially those concerned with the degree of "completeness" of preference rankings (e.g., number of objects identified by judges, whether these objects are ordered or not, etc.). The methodology in use relies on the simulation of several thousand decision‐making problems, in order to organically study the effect of the factors of interest. Results show a certain robustness of the ZMII‐technique, even under relatively "unfavourable" practical conditions, characterized by very incomplete preference rankings. Description is supported by instructive examples.

This paper directs attention to Abigbo, an outstanding traditional music of Mbaise people of Igbo south, east of the Niger. It gears to interrupt and challenge willful observations by western-oriented music lovers' derogatory opinion, contrary to music in traditional setting such as 'Abigbo'. To realize this objective and prove wrong the ill-informed critics, 'Abigbo's uniqueness in song rendition and peculiarity in music making is conspicuously examined here as a case study. The origin and development of Abigbo, its uses, and relationship with other aspects of Mbaise culture are discussed in this work. The musical challenges are highlighted with the dance formation, movements/steps and the ensembles costumed critically analyzed. All these are essentially adumbrated in association with music making trends in contemporary Mbaise. Equally reviewed where applicable are Abigbo's relevance and inevitable roles in achieving the goal of societal well being. Song communication supported with body language and phonic emission via vocals are equally matters of great interest here. Methods employed in the data collection are library source of information obtained from associated printed materials documented in the library shelves. The researcher consulted relevant ones, read through them during desk work, and use their extracts as backup information to the subject of discourse which he initiated. Few of the procured print media materials are equally paraphrased as and when due. Datum is also secured through participant observation. At this juncture, the researcher's sense of sight and aural perceptions are actively utilized along with retentive memory with the view to capturing the salient points needed for the paper. A few literature reviews that border round music making in rural culture are altogether, examined to guide and back up the thrust of this discourse. Abigbo has proved its worth beyond all reasonable doubt during its performance presentation in Mbaise social culture. The musicians' close attention to the masses, particularly the zealous ones who are inclined to get at African tribes' traditional music to subject them to western notation is a spring board to its fame. At this juncture, we resolve that for music making through song communication to logically reign supreme in Abigbo, its practice by interested artistes should be enhanced and encouraged even beyond the ensemble's environmental origin. This done helps to secure indigenous interest akin to norms and values within the fabric of Mbaise society.

The present paper examines the impact of personal characteristics of head of state on the foreign policy behaviour. The article is based on the assumption that during a crisis or war, compared to peaceful times, leaders are under a greater influence of their personal traits and cognitive determinants, including their biases and beliefs. The chosen method is the LTA coding system, as it allows obtaining measurable results showing which traits of the leaders are meaningful and how they determine leaders'actions in different situations (crisis and lack thereof). The aim of this paper is to analyse the personality-based decision-making determinants in foreign policy in the context of an international conflict based on the example of Aleksander Kwaśniewski's presidency (1995–2005). The analysis focuses on the president's decisions and their psychological background during over a year long period preceding the invasion of Iraq by the coalition forces (March, 2003) and his statements made between 1995 and 2001 with the objective of identifying potential differences in leadership style of an individual decisionmaker in two different situations, one of which meets the definition of an international crisis. The research proves that in the conditions of a crisis, the president trends a higher belief to be able to control events, reduced conceptual complexity, and enhanced the need for power. Using available evidence on Polish decision-making, the paper shows how Kwaśniewski's personality and leadership style did indeed shape both the process and outcome of foreign policy toward the Iraq War. It allows identifying his leadership style in the period preceding the invasion of Iraq that started in March 2003.

This is the inaugural volume of 'Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy'. Since its revival in the 1970s, political philosophy has been a vibrant field in philosophy-one that intersects with jurisprudence, normative economics, political theory in political science departments, and just war theory. This series aims to publish some of the best contemporary work in political philosophy and these closely related subfields. This first volume addresses a range of central topics grouped into four main themes: democracy, political liberalism and public reason, rights and duties, and method

AbstractConstitutional change in the UK in 1998 led to the establishment of devolution for Scotland, and the Scottish Parliament was reconvened in 1999 after a gap of nearly 300 years. Devolution promised the development of policies that were more in tune with 'Scottish needs', and was heralded as delivering 'Scottish solutions for Scottish problems'. Now with a Scottish Nationalist Party (SNP) Government in power in Edinburgh committed to greater devolution for Scotland and with a goal of full independence for Scotland, it is timely to assess the ways in which the SNP have approach the question of social policy — and more specifically poverty and inequality. While key areas of social welfare policy, notable in relation to benefits, employment policy and most areas of taxation remain reserved to the UK parliament in London, the Scottish Parliament enjoys powers over most areas of social policy as they affect Scotland: health, housing, education, community development, regeneration and criminal justice. This paper considers some of the main influences on SNP policy making, and in particular explores its concern to develop policies that promote solidarity, cohesion and fairness. However, these are secondary to a strategy which promotes economic growth and Scottish economic competitiveness. The paper also considers the importance of nationalism for the analysis of social welfare arguing that social policy making is often central to nation building, and particularly so in the context of multi‐national devolution of the kind that has developed in the UK and elsewhere in recent times.

Abstract. The study of the relationship between media and politics has long been marginal in French political science. The take–off of research has been stimulated by the impact of the Presidential election under the Fifth republic and by the increasing role of television and spin–doctors in this new electoral context. If French studies on political communication converge with international research, they are also characterised by strong peculiarities. The material of case–studies is not campaign–centred, but gives room to various TV programmes, to a wide range of media uses by French politicians. The contribution of historians, the influence of a literary tradition of 'textual' analysis of political speech are important. The publishing of books on this topic also reveals a surprisingly intense participation from spin– doctors, journalists and even politicians. Three main 'schools' are contributing to the dynamics of French research. Linked to the tradition of semiological and literary studies the first one focuses on the study of political discourse in the media. Merging the legacy of English–speaking studies and the French tradition of electoral studies a second one develops an analysis of the campaigning process and of its effects. More recently, a new generation of researchers has widened the object of research to the complex network of relations between politicians, journalists and consultant. Linking successfully the most recent developments or international research and the peculiarities of academic tradition, research on political communication appears as one of the most dynamic areas of French political science.

This paper investigated a policy-making debate in Chile, by examining the construction of the Netherlands as a new "reference society". It focused on a reform agenda that aimed at a transformation of the neo-liberal school governance model. Based on the analysis of government documents, parliamentary debates, and media materials, the paper concludes that in addition to the consideration of PISA results the identification with the Netherlands served fundamentally as a political compromise solution. ; Peer Reviewed