Suchergebnisse

From the first encounters between the Portuguese and indigenous peoples in 1500 to the current political turmoil, the history of Brazil is much more complex and dynamic than the usual representations of it as the home of Carnival, soccer, the Amazon, and samba would suggest. This extensively revised and expanded second edition of the best-selling Brazil Reader dives deep into the past and present of a country marked by its geographical vastness and cultural, ethnic, and environmental diversity. Containing over one hundred selections—many of which appear in English for the first time and which range from sermons by Jesuit missionaries and poetry to political speeches and biographical portraits of famous public figures, intellectuals, and artists—this collection presents the lived experience of Brazilians from all social and economic classes, racial backgrounds, genders, and political perspectives over the past half millennium. Whether outlining the legacy of slavery, the roles of women in Brazilian public life, or the importance of political and social movements, The Brazil Reader provides an unparalleled look at Brazil's history, culture, and politics.

This article discusses the reasons and teaching objectives of an array of new undergraduate courses on public administration and public policy management which have emerged recently in Brazil. While in 2001 there were only two undergraduate courses teaching formal public administration in the country, by 2015, they had risen to 40, and also included more diverse but related courses, such as public policy management, public management, public policy, and other similar ones. If one adds to this figure, distance education, and technological undergraduate courses, the total courses in these areas in Brazil amount to approximately 130 and an estimate of 25,600 students' enrolments. All these courses are understood as belonging to the same field of knowledge, a statement made public by a national movement of professors, course coordinators, and students that stated the specificities and identity of this field of knowledge. This group became known as "The Public Field" movement, declaring the need for training students and future practitioners or academics within courses that are concerned with the public interest and democratic, and ethical governments. The discussion in the article focuses on two main aspects. First, the institutional and political reasons that opened a "window of opportunity" for these courses to emerge in Brazil. Second, the pedagogical objectives of these courses are discussed, and two experiences of innovative teaching in two Brazilian universities are presented as an example of the training objectives these courses are trying to achieve.

"A Social History of Educational Studies and Research examines the development of the study of education in the UK in its broader educational, social and political context since its early beginnings in the first part of the twentieth century. By providing a historical analysis of the contested growth of the field this book examines the significant contribution that has been made by institutions of higher education, journals, text books, conferences, centres, and academic societies. It discusses the problems and opportunities of the field, and its prospects for survival and adaptation to current changes in the decades ahead. The work draws on documentary sources, social network analysis, and interviews with leading figures from across the field. This book highlights international influences on the development of educational studies and research in the UK, its role in the growing internationalisation of the field as a whole, and also comparisons and contrasts with the nature of the field elsewhere. It relates the development to the wider social, political and economic changes affecting higher education in general and educational studies and research in particular. It addresses the historical development of disciplines in higher education institutions and the nature, extent and limitations of interdisciplinarity. A Social History of Educational Studies and Research discuss the problems and opportunities facing the study of education today, and its prospects of adapting to changes in the decades ahead. It is a distinctive and original analysis of educational studies and research that provides the first comprehensive study of its type."--Provided by publisher.

The author paid attention to the importance of small cities in the country, the mechanisms of implementation of educational policy in the state-public management of general secondary education in such cities of Ukraine, the management of the department of education in small cities was modernized, the legislative acts regulating its activities were submitted, as well as strategic documents, which define the conceptual guidelines for the development of general secondary education. The peculiarities of cooperation between the two components of the state and public administration for its development are considered, there were proposed some mechanisms for the implementation of educational policy at the local level.Звернено увагу на значущість малих міст в країні, розкрито механізми реалізації освітньої політики при державно-громадському управлінні загальною середньою освітою в таких містах України, модернізації управління відділу освіти в громадах малих міст, подано законодавчі акти, що регулюють його діяльність, а також стратегічні документи, що визначають концептуальні орієнтири розвитку загальної середньої освіти. Розглянуто особливості співпраці обох складових державно-громадського управління її розвитком, а також запропоновано певні механізми щодо реалізації освітньої політики на місцевому рівні.

Individuals' choices of educational content are often shaped by the political economy of government policies that determine the incentives to acquire various skills. We first present a model to show how differences in educational content emerge as an equilibrium outcome of private decisions and government policy choices. We then illustrate these dynamics in two historical circumstances. In medieval Europe, states and the Church found individuals trained in Roman law valuable, and eventually supported investments in this new form of human capital. This had positive effects on Europe's commercial and institutional development. In late 19th-century China, elites were afraid of the introduction of Western science and engineering and continued to select civil servants - who enjoyed substantial rents—based on their knowledge of Confucian classics. As a result, China lacked skills useful in modern industry. Finally, we present a variety of other contemporary and historical applications of this theory.

This paper is focused on rural education in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The rural areas have verylow educational indicators. As a result of historical processes of urbanization and industrialdevelopment, the rural areas have been excluded of political, social and educationalmodernization. This text looks at the understanding of complex relations amid people, educationalactivities and local territories. This texts is focused on the subjects and pedagogical approachesby teachers working in one-classroom schools in southern Recôncavo (Amargosa, Bahia).Specifically the paper aims to identify and analyze teachers' representations of rural schools onspace (the countryside and the school), the subjects (both teachers and pupils), and one-classroomschools.

Theorie und Praxis der Chancengleichheit in der israelischen Bildungspolitik seit der Staatsgründung. (DÜI-Hns)

The healthcare practices supported by interprofessional education (IPE) and the debate about those processes are in the early stages in Brazil. The SUS is the national public policy in health matters and is geared towards universal access, comprehensiveness, and social participation, articulated around Primary Health Care as the back-bone of the network. In this editorial, we outline social and political processes that have contributed to the development of interprofessional practice (IPP) in Brazil. This promising context and subsequently the need of strengthening the public policies for a reorientation of health professional training were the starting point for summoning a first International Colloquium of Interprofessional Educationand Practice, in Natal (Rio Grande do Norte state, in the Northeast region of Brazil). Several of the IPE experiences analysed were considered aswide-range innovations in the federal universities. As a result of the colloquium, a set of action sand priority areas demanding for investments in order to strengthen IPE in Brazil. The road ahead in Brazil looks extensive, and progress willrequire not only dialogues but an effective alliance amongall those with a stake in the improvement of healthcareand professional training

Forschungsmethode: anwendungsorientiert, politische Stellungnahme, beschreibend. "Die Bildungspolitik in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ist von mehreren, bis heute nicht aufhebbaren Widerspruechen gepraegt. Exemplarisch verfahrend wird auf die Konflikte um die Struktur des Bildungssystems, die ideologischen Fixierungen und das Verhaeltnis von Bund und Laendern aufmerksam gemacht. - Mit der Einsetzung der Enquete-Kommission 'Zukuenftige Bildungspolitik - Bildung 2000' des Deutschen Bundestages wurde Bildungspolitikberatung ins Parlament verlagert. Auch dieser Kommission ist es nicht gelungen, die Widersprueche und Spannungen in der Bildungspolitik zu ueberwinden. Zu fast allen Problembereichen liegen Mehrheits- (CDU/ CSU, FDP) und Minderheitsvoten (SPD, GRUeNE/BUeNDNIS 90) vor. - Der Versuch, zu einer gesamtstaatlichen Bildungsplanung beizutragen, ist erneut gescheitert. Dennoch ist der Schlussbericht ein wichtiges Dokument, als Problemanalyse und Orientierungsrahmen im Pro und Kontra der Bildungspolitik und als Quelle fuer den gegenwaertigen Stand bildungspolitischer Diskussion." (Autorenreferat). (DIPF/Orig.) ; In the Federal Republic of Germany, educational policy is characterized by several, until now indissoluble contradictions. To exemplify this, attention is drawn to the conflicts concerning the structure of the educational system, the ideological fixations, and the relation between the Federal Republic and the individual states. With the constitution of the parliamentary commission "Future Educational Policy – Education 2000" educational-policy counseling has been transferred to the German Bundestag. Yet, this commission has not managed to overcome the contradictions and tensions in educational policy, either. With regard to almost all of the problematic issues, there have been majority (Christian Democrats and Liberals) and minority (Social Democrats, Green Party/Alliance 90) votes. The attempt to contribute to an educational planning for the whole country has failed again. Still, the final report represents an important document offering both a problem analysis and a guideline with respect to the pros and cons of educational policy as well as a source for the ongoing discussion on educational policy. (DIPF/Orig.)

This is the first complete economic and social history of Brazil in the modern period in any language. It provides a detailed analysis of the evolution of the Brazilian society and economy from the end of the empire in 1889 to the present day. The authors elucidate the basic trends that have defined modern Brazilian society and economy. In this period Brazil moved from being a mostly rural traditional agriculture society with only light industry and low levels of human capital to a modern literate and industrial nation. It has also transformed itself into one of the world's most important agricultural exporters. How and why this occurred is explained in this important survey