Suchergebnisse

The subject of this thesis is Polish discourse concerning the Eastern Partnership. The subject creates an opportunity to analyze security policy under current geopolitical conditions in the context of Poland's membership in the EU. Polish literature concerning eastern issues is dominated by classical geopolitical thinking and numerous references to grand narratives. Therefore, the study explores the critical geopolitics theoretical approach. The theory provides a tool for understanding how identity, security discourses and geographical reasoning are being constructed. Security issues, especially those concerning Russia, are in Polish literature and public debates discussed by means of political realism, i.e. a fight over dominance, a sense of threat, and the need of power maximization. The aim of this thesis is to analyze arguments, which are used in Poland to justify the development of the Eastern Partnership Project. Relying on extensive studies on Estonia's situation, I want to follow through correlations between geopolitics and identity and its influence on Poland's perception of Polish and European security. The aim of the thesis was to show the construction of threats in Poland. I will try to answer the question of whether Polish discourse is actually as uniform as it is seen outside Poland, i.e. whether it is only dominated by references to grand narratives and hostile rhetoric. The thesis applies the methodology of the Copenhagen School, which argues that by talking security an actor aims to move a topic away from conventional politics and legitimatize extraordinary means to be used against the constructed threat. The thesis examines how Poland securitizes and desecuritizes its relations with eastern neighbours and what are the consequences of such movements. Asiasanat:identity, security, Eastern Partnership, ENP, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus

Children have a specific perception of the Holocaust: it did not destroy their earlier world view, but became the field of first experiences. This book focuses on the traumatic dimension of the Holocaust and how it is expressed (or left unexpressed) in children's diaries. «Here and Now» under the German Occupation presents an analysis of diaries and school elaborations written in Polish by Jewish children during German Occupation. A Literary Return to Childhood during the Holocaust is dedicated to Polish retrospective literature, in which authors return to the experience of the Holocaust during their childhood years

The paper discusses the question of freedom of speech as an impor­tant topic in old Polish literature. The author considers the problem of whether freedom of speech was one of civil liberties recognized by old Polish writers as characteristic for the political consciousness of the nobility in the early modern era. Discussing several cases (Fran­ciszek Karpiński, Wespazjan Kochowski, Jan Chryzostom Pasek, and Stanisław Orzechowski), the author indicates the inalienable relation­ship between the awareness of freedom of speech and the old nobility's moral sentiments. ; W pracy omawiane jest zagadnienie wolności wypowiedzi jako tematu w literaturze staropolskiej. Autor rozważa zagadnienie, czy wolność wypowiedzi to jedna z dostrzegalnych przez pisarzy sta­ropolskich wolności obywatelskich, charakterystycznych dla świa­domości politycznej szlachty. Omawiając kilka przypadków (Fran­ciszek Karpiński, Wespazjan Kochowski, Jan Chryzostom Pasek czy Stanisław Orzechowski), autor wskazuje na niezbywalną zależność świadomości wolności wypowiedzi i szlacheckiego od­czucia moralnego.

This article belongs to the special cluster, "Family, Gender and (dis)Abled Bodies after 1953", guest-edited by Maike Lehmann and Alexandra Oberländer. My article "Violent Inclusion: Disability and the Nation in Polish 1950s and 1960s Young Adult Literature" analyzes representations of physical and sensory disability in some of the most popular young adult novels published in 1950s and 1960s Poland written by Krystyna Siesicka, Jadwiga Korczakowska, Irena Krzywicka, Jadwiga Ruth-Charlewska, and Hanna Mortkowicz-Olczakowa. It argues that the recurring trope that connects the novels—the overcoming of disability—serves as a synecdoche for the Polish nation overcoming the catastrophe of World War II. Moreover, it shows that compulsory rehabilitation functions as a way of including disabled subjects into a Polish post-war society. At the same time, participation in the "rehabilitative regime" constitutes a patriotic duty for a disabled Polish child or teenager and paves a way to a socialist citizenship. Rehabilitation is always successful and culminates with a child or teenager transforming into an able-bodied socialist citizen reminding of a successful, yet sacrificial, reconstruction process of Poland. My article focuses on the sites of the overcoming of disability showing that Polish nature, whether it is a sea or woods, is crucial to the healing of a disabled subject. This way, the writers accentuate the connection between Polish nature and land and a "healthy" body, thus reconsolidating their fantasy of "Polishness." What the novels ultimately testify to is the emergence of an embodied socialist subjectivity constructed through the corporeal rehabilitative practices and internalization of socialist values.

The current Polish migrant group in Sweden is the largest in Scandinavia, and experienced a significant growth after the enlargement of the European Union in 2004. The present overview is an attempt to give a systematic picture of this group, and is based on a selection of publications from a larger bibliography. The bibliography was compiled by the author in order to survey the knowledge on Polish migrants in Sweden, and is attached to this overview. The overview is primarily confined to the period between 1940 and 1990 because this period is covered by the scholarly literature.

The paper addresses the problem of historical role and impact of John Paul II's teachings on the dispute over Polish messianism which has been consistently present in the Polish literature and philosophy over the past two centuries. The article is an attempt to determine the pope's actual contribution to the development of the idea of Polish messianism, and evaluate the ultimate significance of this contribution within a broad perspective of the evolution of Polish political thought during the latter part of the twentieth and early decades of the twenty first centuries. The starting point in the discussion is the contemporary historical-philosophical research in this field, and the final conclusions are oriented towards the philosophical qualification of the most recent attempts to revive the messianist ideology on the basis of papal thought. ; The paper addresses the problem of historical role and impact of John Paul II's teachings on the dispute over Polish messianism which has been consistently present in the Polish literature and philosophy over the past two centuries. The article is an attempt to determine the pope's actual contribution to the development of the idea of Polish messianism, and evaluate the ultimate significance of this contribution within a broad perspective of the evolution of Polish political thought during the latter part of the twentieth and early decades of the twenty first centuries. The starting point in the discussion is the contemporary historical-philosophical research in this field, and the final conclusions are oriented towards the philosophical qualification of the most recent attempts to revive the messianist ideology on the basis of papal thought.

"To a large extent, these lectures are an exposition of the m̀essianic' doctrine of Adam Towianśki (Towianism). cf. M.M. Gardner, A. Mickiewicz. (London, 1911 (p. 200)." ; "Cours de littérature Slave du Collége de France (1842-1843)." ; [t.] 1. (1842-1843) Littérature et philosophie -- [t.] 2. (1843-1844) . Religion et politique. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; With bookstamp of the Astor Library, New York.

The book describes the system of communist censorship in Poland in the years 1948–1958, as well as its effects on the development of literature. It is the first literary studies work which takes up the subject in such broad and systematic terms. The book is divided into three main parts: an attempt at synthesis (theory and practice of censorship), special cases (censorship of specific writers), authorial strategies (the authors' ways of dealing with censorship) and contexts. The most important conclusion which can be drawn from the research is that out of many small changes emerges an image of a very significant one. Numerous small cuts and alterations build up to an image of Polish literature of the 1940s and 1950s as a whole. A whole that was always dependant on and subservient to politics.

Abstract: This article examines the figure of an outstanding Polish philologist — Maria Renata Mayenowa (1908–88) — attempting to interpret her life trajectory with the help of sociological tools. It is argued that Mayenowa's biography is significant in the context of the history of Polish, as well as Eastern European intellectual thought, for several reasons. First, it can be helpful in the reconstruction of the Polish involvement in the development of social theory in the twentieth century. Second, it provides insight into Polish-Russian, and more broadly, Polish-Eastern European intellectual relations in the twentieth century. Finally, the third reason is the non-obvious forms in which the history of Eastern European Jewish elites, and in particular the Jewish bourgeoisie, manifested itself in her biography.

The ritual as a series of actions specified by traditions or a given political system, defined in detail and repeatable, was also fulfilled in the communist system. There it was aimed at introducing and amalgamating the order imposed on Poland by the Soviets after WWII. It could only be achieved by strictly observing the rules of Socialist rites. And that did not only apply to, however important, the celebrations of holidays according to the communist calendar, but also to the master principles which the enforcers of the new order used towards society. The indicated research material, extracted from censorship archives, shows that regardless of the changing media policy in the first decade after WWII, from the very beginning there existed invariable rules which constituted a compass for specific choices: the ban on criticising or disturbing the good name of the authorities, starting with Generalissimo Stalin, through the leaders of the states subordinate to him, higher-ranking officials, police and the army, to udarniks. The Control Bureau for Press, Publications and Performances was one of the most active bodies in the field. In the privacy of their offices, without the publicity so common for the clamorous ceremonies and rallies, censors worked to maintain the Stalinist rituals.

This article analyzes how the Poles and Jews who disappeared from the western Ukrainian city of L'viv as a result of the Second World War are remembered in the city today. It examines a range of commemorative practices, from monuments and museums to themed cafes and literature, and analyzes how these practices interact to produce competing mnemonic narratives. In this respect, the article argues for an understanding of the city as a complex text consisting of a diverse range of mutually interdependent mnemonic media produced by a range of actors. The article focuses in particular on the ways in which Ukrainian nationalist narratives interact with the memory of the city's "lost others." The article also seeks to understand L'viv's memory culture through comparison with a range of Polish cities that have faced similar problems with commemorating vanished communities, but have witnessed a deeper recognition of these communities than has been the case in L'viv. The article proposes reasons for the divergences between the memory cultures of L'viv and that found in Polish cities, and attempts to outline the gradual processes by which L'viv's Polish and Jewish pasts might become more widely integrated into the city's memory culture.

In this article I discuss the views of contemporary Polish political scientists concerning the subject of political agency. I stress the diversity of research perspectives adopted in the Polish literature on the subject and no less diverse conceptions of agency. I also emphasise differences in the understanding of the qualities of agency, especially the capacity for political action and participation in political processes. The analysis demonstrates the pluralism of the accepted concepts of political ontology. I also argue that it is important for Polish political scientists to preserve the autonomy and specificity of the political science research on agency, in particular the independence of this discipline from philosophical perspectives.