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The question of how to reconcile diversity and integration has occupied public debates, political agendas and social sciences for decades. This working paper provides a brief outline of how the project Negotiating Diversity in Expanded European Public Spaces (PLURISPACE) addresses these matters. Our point of departure is that questions pertaining to the governing and recognition of diversity in Europe cannot be properly addressed without at the same time taking into account the multilevel character of European public space, the multiple characters of the groups (national/religion based etc.), and the multiple modes of integration. Within such a complex European space, we identify four policy/theoretical approaches to diversity management and understanding of public space: multiculturalism, interculturalism, transnationalism and cosmopolitanism. Each 'ism' has its own conception of public space, diversity, equality and solidarity. Our main aim is to contribute to the normativities that inform the theory and practice of integration and diversity governance in Europe.

The question of how to reconcile diversity and integration has occupied public debates, political agendas and social sciences for decades. This working paper provides a brief outline of how the project Negotiating Diversity in Expanded European Public Spaces (PLURISPACE) addresses these matters. Our point of departure is that questions pertaining to the governing and recognition of diversity in Europe cannot be properly addressed without at the same time taking into account the multilevel character of European public space, the multiple characters of the groups (national/religion based etc.), and the multiple modes of integration. Within such a complex European space, we identify four policy/theoretical approaches to diversity management and understanding of public space: multiculturalism, interculturalism, transnationalism and cosmopolitanism. Each 'ism' has its own conception of public space, diversity, equality and solidarity. Our main aim is to contribute to the normativities that inform the theory and practice of integration and diversity governance in Europe.

The question of how to reconcile diversity and integration has occupied public debates, political agendas and social sciences for decades. This WP provides a brief outline of how the project Negotiating Diversity in Expanded European Public Spaces addresses these matters. Our point of departure is that questions pertaining to the governing and recognition of diversity in Europe cannot be properly addressed without at the same time taking into account the multilevel character of European public space, the multiple characters of the groups (national/religion based etc), and the multiple modes of integration. Within such a complex European space, we identify four policy/theoretical approaches to diversity management and understanding of public space: multiculturalism, interculturalism, transnationalism and cosmopolitanism. Each 'ism' has its own conception of public space, diversity, equality and solidarity. Our main aim is to contribute to the normativities that inform the theory and practice of integration and diversity governance in Europe.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Federalism as a Yardstick for Democracy -- 3 Linking Federalism and Democracy: An Analytical Framework -- 4 Out of Balance: Executive Dominance in Federal Settings -- 5 Federalism and Democracy in the United States -- 6 Federalism and Direct Democracy in Switzerland: Competing or Complementary? -- 7 Germany: How Federalism Has Shaped Consensus Democracy -- 8 Between Co-evolution and Intercurrence: How Democracy Has Shaped Federalism in Canada -- 9 Party Federalism in Australia -- 10 Belgium: The Democratic State of the Federation -- 11 Democracy and Federalism in Spain: Interactions, Tensions, and Compatibilities -- 12 Democracy and Federalism in India: Mutually Reinforcing? -- 13 Comparing Patterns of Federal Democracy -- References -- Contributors -- Index