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In 'Phantoms of a Beleaguered Republic', Stephen Skowronek, John A. Dearborn, and Desmond King interrogate the conflict between 'the unitary executive' and the 'Deep State' to uncover basic issues of governance in modern America. Fundamental concepts that have shaped the American presidency for decades: unitary executive theory and the deep state. Ingrained in the government's constitutional design and exacerbated by recent developments, this conflict is, they are, likely to bedevil American governance going forward.

In their article – 'Public Welfare Provision, Scandinavia, and the Sheer Futility of the Sociological Approach to Polities' – Castles and McKinlay claim to have demonstrated thattwo factors contribute to and explain the particularly high levels of public welfare provision in Scandinavian countries [compared to other advanced, industrial democratic states]. The absence of a large right-wing party establishes the initial necessary condition that removes the primary barrier to the development of welfare provision. The historic strength and unity of the working-class movement, reflected in the dominance of social democracy, is the factor which is then responsible for the development of public welfare to its current high level.