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"Submitted to the forty-sixth Legislative Assembly in accordance with House joint resolution 32, Oregon laws, 1949." ; "February 16, 1951." ; Mode of access: Internet.

Law No. 30 of 2014 on Government Administration (Government Administration Law) has set the scope of discretion in Indonesian legal system. But the form of discretion is limited in scope government decision (KTUN) and factual actions of the government. The restriction implicates circulars or others policy rule is not a form of discretion. In addition, the provisions concerning the terms of use discretion, procedures and legal effect of discretion in the Government Administration Law are not applicable to the use of policy rule. In fact, the substance of discretion in policy rule (e.g. circulars and instructions) has the potential of conflicting laws and regulations and/or General Principles of Good Administration. The legal issues in this study are the constitutionality of the scope of discretion in Article 1 point 9 and Article 23 paragraph (1) of the Government Administration Law. This analysis showed that limits the scope of discretion in Government Administration Law contrary to formal elements, substantive, and control mechanisms within the rule of law. This analysis also suggests the expansion of the scope of discretion in the Government Administration Law and setting policy rules as the object of the petition for judicial review so that there is a control mechanism by trial to discretion in the form of policy rule.

This paper is segmented into background, conceptual discourse: effective communication, and manpower development, findings and discussion, conclusion and recommendations. The main objective of this paper is to highlight the impact of effective communication and manpower development on local government administration in Nigeria. It is doubtful if the local governments can function and ultimately achieve their objectives without effective communication and developed manpower. Communication acts as a unifier of organizational activities, while manpower interprets and utilizes the communication to achieve the local government objectives. The study generated secondary data and used content analysis to analyse the data. The finding shows that effective communication and manpower development plans are vital tools to achieve functional local government administration in Nigeria. As a recommendation, it called on managers of the local government administration in Nigeria to be transparent and unambiguous in their communication process to achieve organizational effectiveness. DOI:10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n2p135

This article investigated Performance of the Inspectorate in Supervision of Government Administration in Buru Selatan Regency. The type of study used was descriptive research. This would provide a factual depiction regarding the application of Inspectorate function of Buru Selatan Regency. This study aimed to analyze the performance of the Inspectorate in Supervision of Government Administration in Buru Selatan Regency. This study suggested that the application of supervision either perceived from the inspection, examination to investigation, in fact it had not been effectively worked due to the fact that inaccuracy in supervising and inaccurate aberration data were discovered for apparatus inspector in the office of Inspectorate. The factors affecting the performance of inspection function for government administration in Buru Selatan regency included the skilled apparatus officers having knowledge in the field of work of which they should tackle and facilities and infrastructure assisting the performance of inspection performed by the Inspectorate Office in Buru Selatan regency. The result suggested that the knowledge in the field of work was still low. It was suggested to implement the inspection planning functions for the purpose of supporting the speed in collecting data and accurate data/information presentation to date will support the reporting of any aberration arising in regional government administration, engage the officers in Human Resources development and the fulfillment of supporting facilitates and infrastructure.

Abstract: This paper deals first with alternative concepts of accountability and efficiency. It views accountability—and associated concepts of efficiency—in a hierarchy of increasing sophistication and potential usefulness, but corresponding operational difficulty. The lowest level is fiscal or fiduciary accountability, relating to the actual expenditure of funds and procedures by which that expenditure is accounted for. The second level is efficiency accountability, defined in terms of the ratio of some physical measure of output to cost. The most sophisticated level is effectiveness accountability, in which the output measures used reflect the attainment of objectives or programs. Corresponding to these levels is a hierarchy of approaches to auditing, namely financial, efficiency, and effectiveness auditing.The second part of the paper looks at the present situation in Australia and at the recommendations of the Royal Commission on Australian Government Administration in terms of this framework. It argues that the government should commit itself to a continuing, comprehensive process of analysis and evaluation of public programs and activities aimed at making programs efficiently effective in a manner consistent with regular financial procedures. A "package" for implementing this approach—including revised institutional arrangements—is discussed in terms of the difficulties likely to be encountered—difficulties such as the shortage of capable personnel and problems of extending analytical practices to the State and local spheres of government.