Search results

"The Politics of Crisis Terminology" published on by Oxford University Press.

Purpose of the research. The article analyzes the general state of the modern domestic pharmaceutical nomenclature system in order to identify the transformation processes taking place in it, determine the directions of development, and in particular the place and role of traditional Latin special terminology in it. Research methods are induction, deduction, descriptive, contextual-interpretive and component analysis methods. Scientific novelty. Considering the fact that such an analysis has not been carried out in Ukraine, this work will be useful for the specialists' understanding of the existing terminological problems and their further elimination. Conclusions. Despite the rapid expansion of the sphere of English language functioning, Latin traditionally remains the basis of international scientific terminology and specialized nomenclature codes, especially in medical and related branches of people's activity. The fundamental study of the Latin language and the foundations of terminology is the key to professional terminological literacy of the future specialists – medical doctors and pharmacists.

In September 2015, The Institute of Human Rehabilitation, published a book entitled Dictionary of Islamic Funeral Terminology. In the absence of lexicographical material on the otherwise very rich Bosnian language, this dictionary presents only about 3500 burial terms. This dictionary is monolingual, words are accented and very well explained, which is why this book has the characteristics of the lexicon (it interprets customs, habits, obligations, prohibitions, etc.). For a better understanding of the book, it contains color photographs, frequent and numerous comparisons with other religions, and detailed interpretations of particular words or phrases.

The terminology of medicine within the systematic approach is studied as a well-ordered base with a specific set of components, structure, and functions inherent in a given terminological system, i.e. components making up the entire system, relations between the elements, the effect of the transformation of a particular element on other components and the whole system generally. In this regard, much attention in the systematic research of terminology is paid to the analysis of important system categories: components, contacts, structure. The choice of medical terminology as an object of study, in particular, the terminology of genetics can be explained by the fact that it represents an important communicatively lexical system that is constantly updated and intensively developed. Medical terminology is comparable to socio-political, sports and technical terminology, which is quite natural since medicine acts as a leading part in the process of comprehending the world, and the functional sphere of medicine is directly related to the life of a modern person. According to our observations, the derivation of the terminology space of genetics can be represented in the form of systemically organized, conceptually interconnected and interdependent blocks. The terminological system of genetics shows that it belongs to the class of adaptive self-organizing and self-adjusting systems. In this case, an adequate solution to the issue of polysemy is of great importance. This fact is related to the point that the terminology of different sciences can correlate and do not conflict with the properties of adjacent subsystems, which can contribute to the development of interbranch polysemy. The theoretical significance of the study helps to determine the place of the English medical terminology of genetics in the general vocabulary system. In practical terms, the results of the study can find application in creating a dictionary containing new words in fundamental lexicographic publications.

The major objective of this publication is to trace the formation of the term "realism" both in the plastic arts and European artistic culture in general. The need for such an analysis is determined by the current terminology applied to various phenomena in the history of European art, which results in a large degree of ambiguity with respect to the conceptual range. Although the origins of the concept "realism" date back to the scholastic religious philosophy of the Middle Ages, its application in Art Studies has entirely different backgrounds and can actually be traced back to the middle of the 19th century. As far as the Western European art is concerned, this concept is first used with respect to the artistic works by Courbet. In the history of the Russian Art in general and art criticism in particular, the term is commonly used with reference to the emergence and development of the "Natural School" literary movement.
At the same time, a thorough analysis of, inter alia, the epistolary and artistic-critical legacy of the leading figures of the Russian culture in the middle and the second half of the 19th century, such as Belinsky, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Stasov, and others, explicitly reveals a rather early application of this term, but mainly in the field of literary rather than artistic criticism. This situation can be explained by the total predominance of literary centrism in the 19th century Russian Art, which, in its turn, was determined by the specific aspects of our country's social and political development. The explicit translation of this concept into the plastic arts domain was at the same time associated with the use of terminological qualifiers such as "critical", "didactic", and "socialist" with respect to the word realism, which resulted in even greater conceptual ambiguity. There is no doubt that the analysis of historical formation and that of characteristics of the figurative-plastic system of realism as a creative method should finally be subject to a comprehensive review, which can allow avoiding its excessively broad terminological interpretation.

It is proved that there is an increased interest in the study of color in various aspects of science. The relevance of the research is determined by the interest in the problems associated with the theoretical and practical study of terminological word formation of color in medicine. The aim of the present study is to investigate colorview in medical terminology. It is revealed that medical dictionaries contain terms that contain a word that denotes colora coloronym, which is used to clarify and specify the symptom, sign designated by the term. Consequently, a thematic range of chemical elements is considered, indicating the name of color shades, types of medicinal plants and their colors. It is analyzed that medical terms with a coloronym have a number of features, such as the duration of functioning, participation in the creation of new terms. It is revealed that the thematic group of coloronyms in folk names of medicinal plants indicate the color, appearance (white spots on prickly green leaves) and the valuable medicinal properties of this plant. It is considered that in modern linguistics, the dynamics of the surrounding world is also manifested in the emergence of new associations associated with a certain term of color, which leaves an imprint on its meaning. Thematic groups of chemical elements, substances, minerals and acids with coloronyms indicating the name of color shades are analyzed. It was found that each coloronym denotes its own thematic series and has a number of features in medical terminology. Thematic group colorview has characteristic symptoms and signs of disease. As a result of the analysis of the content of coloristic names, the following thematic groups were identified, differentiated on the basis of the spheres of functioning of the term: names of internal diseases; names of skin diseases; names of plants; names and colors of chemical elements; blood analysis.

Unlike translators, who have a great variety of computer-assisted tools for terminology management, interpreters have not benefited from the same level of innovation. In fact, the task of community interpreter is to allow people who do not speak the official language(s) of the country to communicatewith the providers of public services so as to facilitate full and equal access to legal, health, education, government and social services. Thus, having taken into account the special needs of community interpreters, in this paper we establish a set of parameters from the conclusions drawn from the literature review to assess to what extent terminology management tools meet these needs. Then, a selection of terminology management tools are analysed. From the results, conclusions are drawn which might suggest a need to take into account new proposals in order to implement terminology management in computer-assisted tools from the view of community interpreting as wellas to inform new searching procedures used by trainees and community interpreters.

The paper considers special aspects of technical translation and peculiarities of engineering terminology interpretation in English-Russian language pair correlation. Problems of adequate translation of general and specialized words, vector of compound lexical elements in engineering context, text production and inversion in the English and Russian languages, transformations in technical translation with compression and addition techniques are analysed. Preference of building English engineering terms with common words, mainly the "noun-noun" group is highlighted.