Suchergebnisse

Machine generated contents note:pt. 1Role of the Investigator --1.Miranda Warning --2.Qualities of the Investigator --3.Investigator Job Description: 32 Discrete Services --4.Basic Duties of the Crime Scene Investigator --5.Responsibilities of Investigators at Crime Scenes --6.Importance of Effective Report Writing --7.Interviewing and Interrogating --8.Interpreting Nonverbal Communication: Body Language --9.Art of Investigative Interviewing --10.Investigative Interviewing: Types of Questions --11.Investigative Interviewing: Closed Questions --12.Investigative Interviewing: Open Questions --13.Investigative Interviewing: Types of Open Questions --14.Investigative Interviewing: Question Filter Factors --15.Investigative Interviewing: Tactics When Seeking a Confession --16.Law Enforcement and the Forensic Pathologist --17.Pre-Planning Major Case Investigations --18.Phrases and Proper Names You Should Know and Understand --19.Levels of Authority: Security Personnel --20.Private Detectives/Private Investigators, Insurance Investigators, Forensic Science Technicians, Forensic Veterinarians, and Other Law Enforcement Officers --pt. 2Basics About Evidence --21.Crime Scene Investigator/Evidence Technician's Kit --22.Definitions and Purpose of Evidence --23.Nature of Physical Evidence --24.Crime Scenes --25.Collect, Identify, and Preserve the Evidence at a Crime Scene --26.Collection and Preservation of Evidence --27.How to Collect, Mark, and Package Physical Evidence --28.Requests for Examination(s) of Evidence --29.Prepare Evidence and Paperwork Necessary for Crime Laboratory Examinations --30.Shipment of Evidence --pt. 3Types of Evidence and Evidence Examination --31.Rules of Evidence --32.Miscellaneous Evidence Examinations That Can Be Performed at a Laboratory --33.Evidence: Types of Examinations --34.Examinations for Informational Purposes --35.Types of Specialized Assistance and Examinations Available --36.Shoe Print and Tire Tread Impression Evidence --37.Paint Examination Techniques --38.Arson Evidence --39.Preservation of Fire Evidence --40.Handling Procedures for Fire Evidence --41.General Considerations -- Fiber Evidence Crime Scene --42.Fiber Evidence and the Wayne Williams Trial --43.Fibers and the Crime Laboratory --44.Hair Evidence --45.How Hair and Fiber Examinations Aid the Investigation --46.Information Determined From Examination of a Hair --47.Information Determined From Fiber Examinations --48.Stolen Vehicle Evidence --49.Clandestine Business Records Analysis --50.Evidence at the Crime Scene of a Bombing --51.Explosive Evidence --52.Toxicology Examinations and Suspected Cases of Poisoning --53.Pharmaceutical and Drug Evidence --54.General Chemical Analysis Examinations --55.Glass Fibers and Fiberglass Insulation Materials Evidence and Collection of Glass Evidence --56.Soils, Dusts, Debris Evidence and the Value of Soil as Evidence --57.Collection of Soil Specimens as Evidence --58.Insulation Evidence From a Safe --59.Building Materials Evidence --60.Evidence From Ores, Minerals, Rock and Ceramics, Abrasive Materials, and Precious Stones --61.Mineralogy Examinations --62.Serology Examinations --63.Information Determinable by Blood Tests --64.Collection, Identification and Wrapping of Bloodstained, and Other Significant Body Fluids Evidence --65.Secretors and Secretor Status --66.DNA Examinations: DNA Testing --67.Collection, Identification, and Packaging of Evidence Stained With Body Fluids --68.Rape Case -- Special Evidence Considerations --69.Types of Firearms Evidence --70.Gunshot Residue Examinations --71.Obtaining Evidence in Tool Mark Cases --72.Tool Mark Identification Evidence --73.Tool Mark Examinations --74.Plastic Cast/Impression of Numbers Stamped in Metal --75.Paints, Plastics, Cosmetics, and Tape Evidence --76.Fluorescent Powders, Dyestuffs, and Other Marking Materials --77.Types of Document Examinations --78.Document Examinations --79.Documentary Evidence --80.Obtaining Known Handwriting Samples --81.Obtaining Known Printer Samples --82.Reference Files of Known Standards --83.Questioned Material Files --84.Photographic Examinations and Bank Robbery Video Footage --85.Impressions in Different Surfaces --86.Impressions on Firm Surfaces --87.Forensic Linguistic Analysis (Authorship/Speaker Identification) --pt. 4Conducting the Investigation --88.Sources of Investigative Information --89.Crime Scene Equipment Checklist 144 --90.Investigations: 50 Things You Should Know --91.Hazards and a Crime Scene --92.Surveillance --93.Informants --94.Entrapment --95.Polygraph Examinations --96.Bank Robbery and Bank Security --97.Investigations of Bank Night Depository Trap Devices --98.Definition of Robbery --99.Checklist: Robbery Investigations --100.Cigarette Identification File --101.Firearms Identification --102.Standard Ammunition File --103.Traffic Accident Investigations --104.Hit-and-Run Traffic Accident Investigations --105.Vehicle Searches --106.Vehicle Searches, Inventory, and Impoundment --107.Vehicle Search Checklist --108.Photographs of Fatal Traffic Accidents --109.Computer Fraud and Investigation --110.Definition of Arson --111.Fire Investigations --112.Checklist for Arson Investigations --113.Homicide Investigations: 70 Things You Should Find Out About the Victim --114.Cutting and Stabbing Investigations: Five Things You Should Know --115.Buried Body Cases --116.Death Scene Checklist --117.Radiation Hazards and Radiation Protection During Investigations --118.Radiation Detection Equipment --119.Definition of Burglary --120.Checklist: Burglary --121.Sketching a Crime Scene --122.Crime Scene Floor Plan --123.Bullying in the Workplace: How to Conduct an Investigation --124.Missing and Exploited Children --125.Five Things to Know About Missing Persons Reports --126.Checklist: Pedophile Investigations --127.Internal Theft --128.Digital Photo Array or Mug Book --129.Preventing and Investigating Identity Theft --130.Employee Applications and Background Investigations --131.Checklist: Notification That a Victim Has Been Found --132."Lucky" Investigation --133."Sloppy" Investigation --pt. 5Crime, Investigations, and the Legal System --134.Uniform Crime Reporting --135.Freedom of Information Act --136.Constitution, the Fourth Amendment --137.Constitution, the Fifth Amendment --138.Constitution, the Sixth Amendment --139.Constitution, the Eighth Amendment --140.Constitution, the Fourteenth Amendment --141.Warrantless Searches of Persons Incident to Arrest --142.Clearance and Arrest --143.Arrest Tactics --144.Arrest by Private Citizens --145.Arrest and Detention: 21 Things You Should Know --146.Arraignment --147.Grand Jury --148.Burden of Proof at a Criminal Trial --149.Hate Crimes: A Policymaker's Guide --150.Real Problems in American Justice.

The article is devoted to the research of the current state of criminological science and to determine the prospects for its development in the future. The achievements of the national criminology are reviewed, the integration of knowledge about crime and combating it is emphasized, and the coherence and synergy of scientific concepts, the introduction of a systematic method of knowledge of crime and the development of measures of preventive influence on its causes and conditions are substantiated. Criminology examines crime, its causes, criminals and victims of crime, prevention measures. Crime is a kind of objectively dangerous behavior that poses a threat to the individual, the state, business and society. Nowadays, the newest types of objectively dangerous behavior are most often encountered in cyberspace, in the sphere of electronic money circulation, use of artificial intelligence, provision of services, use of natural and labor resources. As an open social system, crime interacts externally with similar phenomena and processes, constantly changing under their influence and spreading in space and time. In addition, being an integral part of social life, crime has the property of self-reproduction and development, linked to the development of society, of changing the living conditions of people.It is concluded that the guidelines for the further development of criminology will be the international goals of global human development set out in the Millennium Declaration UN 2015 year and The Agenda of Sustainable Development by 2030 year.It is considered, key problems for criminological research by 2030 will be survival of people in the fierce struggle for access to economic and natural resources; counteracting various forms and manifestations of violence and other violations of fundamental human rights and freedoms; ensuring personal and collective security in the system of social interaction; environmental protection; the use of information technology for criminal purposes; counteracting transnational crime and terrorism; drug crime and arms trafficking, etc. In addition, the scientific potential of criminological institutions will be directed to the development of tools and tools to reduce the impact on crime and the social life of such negative social phenomena as poverty, social injustice and inequality, abuse of power, abuse of power by both the authorities and the general population.There is no doubt that, now and in the future, the development of crime will depend on social being, collective thinking and people behavior. In the workings of philosophers, political scientists and sociologists, the state of modern society is characterized by insane dynamism and instability, an increase in entropy, an increase in actual and potential risks, which is difficult to recognize and predict. This means that the existing concepts of explanation for the causes of crime will soon prove to be inoperative, as they were created in the last century on the basis of materialistic dialectics, linear thinking, contemporary ideas about the world of people, a hierarchy of values, rules and norms of people behavior in a stable society.In the long term, applied criminology will evolve by implementing the results of the fourth industrial revolution, in particular Big Data and Analytics, Simulation, Horizontal and Vertical system Integration, Piece Intellect, artificial neural networks.A breakthrough in the development of applied criminology will be made by artificial intelligence, biotechnology and nanotechnology. The use of innovative developments will ensure quick and correct management decisions, will form public opinion, influence the views and moods of a large number of people, correct the negative elements of public consciousness, quickly communicate to the general public the provisions of the current legislation and monitor its compliance. Among other things, digital technologies make it possible to build a system of total control and a mechanism for managing people's behavior in society. Soon by means of artificial intelligence, as well as genetic engineering, it will be possible to diagnose mental disorders, a tendency to misbehavior and criminal behavior, to classify people by degree of trustworthiness, to correct human psychophysiological defects, as well as to negative character traits that influence the choice of wrongdoing. and interests.Conclusions. On the basis of the above, I believe that in the future the value of criminology in solving human problems will increase, and the scope of the results of criminological research - will expand. On the basis of criminology will be a synthesis of industry knowledge about crime, forms and methods of combating it. New tools and instruments will be elaborated to prevent crime, as well as to protect people and property from criminal assault.

Originally published in 1980, this book examines the major issues in the philosophy of social science, paying specific attention to cross-cultural understanding, humanism versus scientism, individualism versus collectivism, and the shaping of theory by evaluative commitment. Arguing for a cross-cultural conception of human beings, the authors defend humanism and individualism, and reject the notion that social inquiry is necessarily vitiated by an adherence to values

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Introduction: Varieties of Comparative Criminology -- Micro-Macro Criminology -- What Does the World Spend on Policing? -- Issues and Patterns in the Comparative International Study of Police Strength -- Women, Justice, and Custom: The Discourse of "Good Custom" and "Bad Custom" in Papua New Guinea and Canada -- Confronting the Contradiction: Global Capitalism and Environmental Health -- Toward a Universal Declaration of the Rule of Law: Implications for Criminal Justice and Sustainable Development -- Toward Comparative Studies of the U.S. Militia Movement -- Women Police in a Traditional Society: Test of a Western Model of Integration -- Crime Prevention Policy and Government Research: A Comparison of the United States and United Kingdom -- LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS -- INDEX.

Argues that science has not lived up to its promise to work for the benefit of society as a whole, because of the narrow perspectives that basic & applied researchers take to their work. Among the barriers to broadening those perspectives is the myth that: the overriding purpose of science in human affairs is prediction; such predictions are prerequisites for major policy decisions; & scientific inputs to these decisions are objective & value-free. This myth is challenged from three standpoints -- epistemology, the historical context, & contemporary case studies -- as a step toward improving the responsibility & accountability of science to society. 79 References. Adapted from the source document.

A comprehensive account of different univariate and multivariate discrete and continuous distributions, the work comprises applications in economics and different financial problems and other scenarios in which these recently developed statistical models have been applied.

Bernard Scott's book explains the relevance of cybernetics for the social sciences. He provides a non-technical account of the history of cybernetics and its core concepts, with examples of applications of cybernetics in psychology, sociology, and anthropology.

Partial contents: Implantation and acclimatization of the social sciences in Thailand, by Prachoom Chomchai: Sociology in the third world situation, by G. E. Hurd and T. J. Johnson; The role of the sociologist and the growth of sociology in Latin America, by Jean Labbens; The implantation of sociology in Asia, by Ralph Pieris; Social crisis as an obstacle to the institutionalization of sociology in Latin America, by Aldo E. Solari.

The essays in this volume present a comprehensive view of modern economics. They range from technical papers on a specific issue, such as that devoted to a critique of Kaldor's model of income distribution, through evaluation of a wide-ranging literature, with special emphasis on the Cambridge controversies in the theory of capital. * Intellectual portraits of Eric Russell, Joan Robinson and Lorie Tarshis are also included. * The concluding essay 'The Social Science Imperialists' gives an overview of the issues and trends that have dominated economics in recent years