Suchergebnisse

This paper outlines the relation of Japan, especially its private banking facilities, to the Latin American foreign debt problem. It provides relevant background information and examines the approach assumed by Japanese financial circles. Japan is regarded as having the largest financial reserves, but its presence in discussing fundamental debt relief measures has not been as significant as its total amount of credit might imply

Banking sector reforms were introduced in 1972 in the light of many contemporary issues observed in the banking industry. The nationalization of banks in 1974 improved the financialӏ sector in many ways. The efficiency of the sector was compromised due to politicalӏ influence; over-branching and overstaffing that affected the banking industry. In 1990s many reforms were made in the banking sector to address the problems that existed in the nationalized banking system. The public sector's ownership of commercial banks had created lot of problems (political intervention in credit allocation, loan recovery and deterioration in services quality). This study evaluated the efficiency of domestic and foreign banks for the period 2010-2016. DEA was used to explore the scale, technical, pure technical and scale efficiency of the domestic and foreign banks. The ӏeast efficient banks are Bank Alfalah, Nationaӏ Bank, Askari Bank and Standard chartered in terms of scale efficiency. Technicalӏ efficiency scores demonstrate that Aӏӏied Bank, Askari bank, Nationalӏ Bank, Standard Chartered Bank and Bank Alfalah did not perform efficiently whereas other banks of the sample did well. Pure technicalӏ efficiency scores under both orientations reveal that in 2010 and 2015, aӏӏ banks showed a perfect pure technicalӏ efficiency score of 1.00. Both domestic and foreign banks performance is mixed. Domestic banks are not less efficient in terms of all efficiencies than foreign banks. Both banks need attention to managerialӏ aspects and efficient utilization of technology in their operations. Sound macroeconomic policies may also help in improving the efficiency of banks.

Banking sector reforms were introduced in 1972 in the light of many contemporary issues observed in the banking industry. The nationalization of banks in 1974 improved the financialӏ sector in many ways. The efficiency of the sector was compromised due to politicalӏ influence; over-branching and overstaffing that affected the banking industry. In 1990s many reforms were made in the banking sector to address the problems that existed in the nationalized banking system. The public sector's ownership of commercial banks had created lot of problems (political intervention in credit allocation, loan recovery and deterioration in services quality). This study evaluated the efficiency of domestic and foreign banks for the period 2010-2016. DEA was used to explore the scale, technical, pure technical and scale efficiency of the domestic and foreign banks. The ӏeast efficient banks are Bank Alfalah, Nationaӏ Bank, Askari Bank and Standard chartered in terms of scale efficiency. Technicalӏ efficiency scores demonstrate that Aӏӏied Bank, Askari bank, Nationalӏ Bank, Standard Chartered Bank and Bank Alfalah did not perform efficiently whereas other banks of the sample did well. Pure technicalӏ efficiency scores under both orientations reveal that in 2010 and 2015, aӏӏ banks showed a perfect pure technicalӏ efficiency score of 1.00. Both domestic and foreign banks performance is mixed. Domestic banks are not less efficient in terms of all efficiencies than foreign banks. Both banks need attention to managerialӏ aspects and efficient utilization of technology in their operations. Sound macroeconomic policies may also help in improving the efficiency of banks.

We develop an infinite horizon macroeconomic model of banking that allows for liquidity mismatch and bank runs. Whether a bank run equilibrium exists depends on bank balance sheets and an endogenous liquidation price for bank assets. While in normal times a bank run equilibrium may not exist, the possibility can arise in recessions. A run leads to a significant contraction in intermediation and aggregate economic activity. Anticipations of a run have harmful effects on the economy even if the run does not occur. We illustrate how the model can shed light on some key aspects of the recent financial crisis. (JEL E23, E32, E44, G01, G21, G33)

Managers of a sample of private and public banks in Greece were surveyed through the vehicle of agency theory. It was found that managers in private banks showed greater alignment of interests with those of the bank, their pay related to outcomes and they were more mobile in their jobs. Private banks also used more control mechanisms to align interests of their managers with those of the bank and displayed a different working climate. Given evolving organisation structures resulting from deregulation, the convergence of information technology and communications and the entry of firms from other industries, the implications of the findings for governance are important.

AbstractThis article serves as a response to the assessment methodology of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision to identify systemically important banks. The official technique requires an extensive collection of bank data, which can hardly be accessed in full by the general public. By contrast, our article develops a practicable modification that utilises only readily available indicators and thus provides a helpful tool for banks' stakeholders and the public. For the period 2002–2011, we determine the domestic systemic importance of every licensed bank in Australia. Our quantitative results do not only uncover high levels of systemic impact of the four major banks, but their rising dominance during the Global Financial Crisis.

Abstract
There has been little historiographical attention to working-class banking in the Caribbean. This article adds to the scholarship by considering the founding and use of the Barbados Savings Bank by working-class Black Barbadians. Colonial administrators hoped the bank would teach formerly enslaved Barbadians how to properly transition into the free wage labor force and sought to encourage household arrangements dependent on a male breadwinner who would use the bank for long-term savings. Using the new depositor ledgers of the Barbados Savings Bank, I argue that everyday Barbadians instead used this financial institution as a family repository of targeted savings for the purpose of emigration, defying colonial desires of a dependent workforce organized in patriarchal single-income households.

Informal banks are as relevant as they were in slave times because they are creating financial alternatives for marginalized people. I explore this issue with an empirical study of 398 business people in the slums of Jamaica and Guyana. I use intersectionality theorizing to explain that poor women organize local banks as a form of contestation against the threat of violence, partisan and informal politics. Women from poor communities mobilize economic resources through mutual aid to resist dependence on corrupt political systems and exclusionary financial institutions. I argue that the banker ladies reorganize money markets for themselves and others. By organizing inclusive financial programs the banker ladies also build social capital through managing locally-based economic resources.