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Political science is In same time old and young science. Old, if we have in mind politics as subject of research, and young if we think about institutions in which politics is only subject of research or education. Having in mind religion as subject of political science,s research, we can easily conclude that all books in early history of mankind, which were dedicated to political topics, had for the first subject religion. That is clear if we remember that firsts form of politicals organisations in old Babylon, Egypt and Israel... were inseparable connected with gods. Gods gave legitimacy to those states. But so political sciences institutions in generally so Politology of religion, or politologie des religions in French, was born late. The firsts subjects of research in politicals sciences institutions were: state, political regimes, political parties, theory of politics, political systems, etc. Religion was studied very rarely. Modern political science was born under influence of french intellectuals: Dederot, Rousseau, Voltaire etc. They considered that religion will disappear with education and development. Their compatriot Alexis de Tocqueville thought contrary to their prognosis. The time gave right to Tocqueville. In the second part of XX century when the world develompent was highest, religion maintained its position in big part of globe and became stronger in a lot of states. That created big challenge for political science. Many of politicals scientis started with research concerning influence of religion into politics. That create, as the first step, centers for research of relations among religion and politics as is "labaratoire RELIGION ET POLITIQUE at "Institute d'etudes politiques" in Paris or "L'Observatoire du Religieux" at "Institut d'etudes politique" in Aix en provence en France, and finally that created special scientific discipline among political sciencies which name is "Politology of religion" or "Politologie des religions" in french.

The existence of Kuhnian paradigm shifts in the US political science tradition is contemplated. It is contended that the proliferation of political scientific theories (eg, rational choice theory & institutionalism) does not constitute paradigm shifts; nevertheless, it is asserted that one paradigm shift has taken place within US political science. The transition between theories of the state & the emergence of the theory of democratic pluralism that arose during the 1920s & 1930s is interpreted as the only paradigm shift within US political scientific thought since the mid-19th century. After asserting that theories of the state had become stagnant in US political science by the early 1900s, scholarship that contributed to the rise of theories of democratic pluralism during the 1920s is identified. Even though theories of democratic pluralism were reworked prior to & immediately following WWII, it is argued that the behavioral revolution in political science during the 1950s does not represent a Kuhnian paradigm shift. Indeed, it is concluded that present-day political science scholarship continues to use the conceptions of political reality & democratic pluralism that were established during the interwar period. 20 References. J. W. Parker

I saiah Berlin is remembered for his positive/negative liberty distinction and his value pluralism, but he was also an active participant in the debate over the nature of political inquiry. This essay argues that his neglected contribution to this debate is central to his thought and a valuable resource in today's debate over political science's methods and ends. I first show how Berlin understood the relationship of empirical science to humanistic study. I then demonstrate that his conceptions of political judgment and the "sense of reality" were intended as alternatives to the scientific pursuit of political knowledge. Finally, I argue that his Churchill and Weizmann essays present exemplars of the moral excellence Berlin considered necessary to ennoble liberal society and the political understanding indispensable to comprehensive political inquiry. I conclude by noting how Berlin's critique of scientific political inquiry informs his liberalism and his own methods of political inquiry.

Out of all the departments of political sciences in Russia - the Department at MGIMO-University is probably the oldest one. In fact it is very young. While MGIMO-University is celebrating its 70th anniversary the Department of Political Sciences turns 15. Despite the fact that political analyst is a relatively new profession in Russia, it acquired a legal standing only in the 1990s, the political science school at MGIMO-University is almost as old as the university itself. Unlike many other universities, focused on the training teachers of political science or campaign managers MGIMO-University has developed its own unique political science school of "full cycle", where students grow into political sciences from a zero level up to the highest qualifications as teachers and researchers, and campaign managers, consultants and practitioners. The uniqueness of the school of political science at MGIMO-University allows its institutional incarnation -the Department of Political Science - to offer prospective studentsa training in a wide range of popular specialties and specializations, while ensuring a deep theoretical and practical basis of the training. Studying at MGIMO-University traditionally includes enhanced linguistic component (at least two foreign languages). For students of international relations and political science learning foreign languages is particularly important.It allows not only to communicate, but also to produce expertise and knowledge in foreign languages.

In reflecting on the relationship between political science & political practice, three examples are delineated to demonstrate a means by which to span the gap between the academy & politics. It is argued that noncalculating motivation as a component of political action is not scrutinized in the usual study of politics; implications of this claim are laid out, & a call is made for scholars to do more to accurately probe the motivations & practices of the political world. Some areas of study that might directly benefit political practitioners are noted (eg, how legislators' overseas travel impacts foreign policy), & specific ways that scholars can produce understandings that will satisfy truth in both theory & practice are delineated, eg, greater emphasis on comparative practice. 15 References. J. Zendejas