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Introduction -- The postwar campaign for scientific legitimacy -- Quantitative methods and the institutionalization of exclusivity -- Social theory and the romance of American alienation -- Theories of mass society and the advent of a new elitism -- Fads, foibles, and autopsies: unwelcome publicity for diffident sociologists -- Pseudoscience and social engineering: American sociology's public image in the fifties -- The perils of popularity: public sociology and its antagonists -- Conclusion: the legacy of the scientific identity

Jurgen Habermas's early attempt to distinguish between natural science & social theory on the basis of an account of "knowledge-constitutive interests" is criticized, & its difficulties are shown to persist in his later work. Two central problems are identified: (1) his "quasi-transcendentalism" requires him inconsistently to assert the existence of a "nature-in-itself" independent of human interests, & his account of natural science fails to acknowledge its discursive & hermeneutic character; & (2) the second arises because, fearing relativism, he wants to push the "interests" back into prehistory, but this generates the first problem: the relativist's dilemma about how science could be both socially interested & true turns into the quasi-transcendentalist's dilemma about how the species could both constitute nature & evolve from it. Both problems result from the impossible dream that Habermas shares with his Western Marxist predecessors of combining a Marxist commitment to materialism with a Hegelian view of knowledge as social. AA

What is a popular image of science and where does it come from? Little is known about the formation of science images and their transformation into popular images of science. In this anthology, contributions from two areas of expertise: image theory and history and the sociology of the sciences, explore techniques of constructing science images and transforming them into highly ambivalent images that represent the sciences. The essays, most of them with illustrations, present evidence that popular images of the sciences are based upon abstract theories rather than facts, and, equally, images o

Building juvenile justice institutions in California -- Fred C. Nelles : innovative reformer, conservative eugenicist -- Mildred S. Covert : eugenics field worker, racial pathologist -- Cristobal, Fred, Tony, and Albert M. : specimens in scientific research and race betterment -- Otto H. Close : promising leader, complacent bureaucrat -- The legacy of Benny Moreno and Edward Leiva : "defective delinquents" or -- Tragic heroes? -- Epilogue: recovering youths' voices -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index