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THE PAPER ADDRESSES THE ISSUE OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE THIRD WORLD BY EXAMINING ENGLISH-SPEAKING AFRICAN COUNTRIES IN AN HISTORICAL AND COMPARATIVE CONTEXT. THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES DIFFERENT INTERPRETATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE WEST AND IN AFRICA, AND THE IDEOLOGICAL AND STRUCTURAL CONTEXT OF THE CONFLICT BETWEEN CITIZEN AND STATE OVER THE ALLOCATION OF RIGHTS IN ENGLISH-SPEAKING SUB-SAHARAN COUNTRIES.

IN AN EXAMINATION OF THE TWO DOMINANT EUROPEAN (OR WESTERN) LEGAL TRADITIONS, THE ARTICLE ATTEMPTS TO DISCOVER SIGFICANT DIFFERENCES AND THE IMPLICATIONS OF THOSE. CIVIL LAW, THE FORM OF CONTINENTAL EUROPE, AND COMMON LAW, THAT OF ENGLAND, ARE COMPARED AS LEGAL SYSTEMS. THE AUTHOR THEN IDENTIFIES 'FACTORS OF CONVERGENCE' WHICH INCLUDE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION & COMMON CULTURES, AND DISCUSSES FUTURE PROSPECTS.

THE AUTHOR EXAMINES THE CAMPAIGN MARY WHITEHOUSE HAS WAGED IN ENGLAND AGAINST PORNOGRAPHY AND PREMARITAL SEX AND THE INABILITY OF THE "LEFT" AND RADICAL OPINION TO SUPPORT HER CONSIDERING THAT SHE ALSO SEEKS A CHRISTIAN SPIRITUAL REVIVAL. HE AGREES THAT DEHUMANIZATION, BY CULTURAL DEBASEMENT OR BY 1-DIMENSIONAL THEORIES OF MECHANISTIC HUMANISTS, IS DEPLORABLE, BUT DISLIKES HER AUTHORITARIANISM.

IN VIEW OF RECENT EVENTS IN IRAN, THE ARTICLE CONSIDERS THE ROLE OF THE MUSLIM MINORITIES IN THE WEST AND THE BRIDGE OF COMMUNICATION AND INFLUENCE BETWEEN THEM AND THE POWER AND INFLUENCE OF THE MUSLIM WORLD. THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES THE CONSERVATIVE, 'FUNDAMENTALIST' LEANINGS OF THE WESTERN MUSLIM GROUPS AND CONSIDERS THE RAMIFICATIONS OF THEIR REJECTION OF MANY 'WESTERN' VALUES.

THE AUTHOR POINTS OUT THAT THE TURKISH PARTY SYSTEM IS UNDERGOING SIGNIFICAT CHANGE AND THAT TURKEY IS ONE OF THE FEW DEVELOPMENT COUNTRIES WHICH HAS MAINTAINED A COMPETITIVE PARTY SYSTEM. IN THIS STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF MODERNIZATION AND THE PARTY SYSTEM, HE DESCRIBES ITS FORMAT AND MECHANICS, ADHERING TO SARTON'S TOPOLOGY, AND DISCUSSES INSTITUTIONALIZATION, POLARIZATION AND FRAGMENTATION.

THE ESSAY DISCUSSES THE THEORETICAL AND PRATICAL ROLE OF THE THIRD WORLD IN SOVIET STRATEGY SINCE WORLD WAR II, INCLUDING AN EXPLANATION OF THE ORIGINS AND RESULTS OF THE VIETNAM WAR. THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES THE SOVIET CONCEPT OF NEOCOLONIALISM, THE IMPACT OF THE SINO-SOVIET RIFT ON SOVIET THIRD WORLD STRATEGY, AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE SUPERPOWERS' POLICY OF DETENTE.

THE AUTHOR OFFERS A CRITIQUE OF THE STYLE AND PROCESS OF AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY, SUGGESTING THAT IT IS CHARACTERIZED BY "COLLECTIVE IRRESPONSIBILITY". HE DISCUSSES FOREIGN POLICY "SUBSTITUTES": THE MEDIA EVENT, POLITICAL RHETORIC, KISSINGER'S "THEATER", ETC., AND NOTES THE EXISTENCE OF TWO "FOREIGN POLICY CULTURES" IN THE US: THE EQUITY CULTURE AND THE SECURITY CULTURE. FUTURE PROSPECTS ALSO EXAMINED.

ESSAY BEGINS WITH A DISCUSSION OF TWO TITLES OF THE 1964 CIVIL RIGHT ACT, DISCUSSES THE LEGISLATIVE ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH THEY WERE ENACTED & NOTES HOW THE POLICY OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION WAS THE RESULT OF BUREAUCRATIC REGULATION AND IS NOWHERE INDICATED IN THE LAW. THE AUTHOR SUGGESTS THAT THE BUREAUCRACY JUSTIFIES ITS DISTORTION OF A CONGRESSIONAL ACT BY RESORTING TO JUDICIAL "CONFIRMATION".

Includes illustrations. ; This book is an authorized biography of Wayne Aspinall. It is based on interviews with the former Congressman, his Congressional colleagues and other political associates, both friends and foes. The author also relied heavily on the Aspinall papers at the University of Denver and other Aspinall records - letters, notes, bills that were still in his private collection.

COMPATIBILITY OF CAPITALISM AND DEMOCRACY ARE CONSIDERED, BOTH THEORETICALLY AND IN TERMS OF THE FUTURE OF LARGE INDUSTRIALIZED WESTERN DEMOCRACIES. THE CONTRADICTION BETWEEN THE 2 SYSTEMS, AS ARTICULATED BY MARX, IS DESCRIBED, AND THE AUTHOR SUGGESTS THAT THE PERIOD OF ECONOMIC EXPANSION HAVING ENDED AND CONTINUING CRISES BEING THE NEW REALITY, PROSPECTS FOR CAPITALIST-DEMOCRATIC COHESION ARE BAD.

ARTICLE PRESENTS AN ASSESSMENT OF THE UNITED NATIONS, NOW THIRTY-FIVE YEARS IN EXISTENCE. THE AUTHOR SUGGESTS TWO PRIMARY REASONS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS HAVING TRIPLED ITS MEMBERSHIP AND EXTENDED ITS ACTIVITIES: THE MINIMAL AND FLEXIBLE CHARACTER OF THE UN CHARTER, AND THE NATURE OF CHANGE IN THE WORLD SINCE 1945 - MAKING IMPERATIVE AT LEAST SOME DEGREE OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION.

THE AUTHOR ARGUES THAT SOME OF THE DIFFICULTIES STEMMING FROM LOCKE'S REMARKS ON TACIT CONSENT AND POLITICAL OBLIGATION ADVANCED IN HIS SECOND TREATISE RESULT FROM OVERLOOKING THE ROLE OF PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THE FOUNDING AGREEMENT TO ESTABLISH CIVIL SOCIETY AND IN THE INHERITANCE OF POLITICAL OBLIGATION. PROPERTY RELATIONS CARRY GREATER WEIGHT IN L.'S THEORY OF POLITICAL OBLIGATION THAN IS RECOGNIZED.