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The author studied a role of higher education in the development of human dimension and conditions of higher institutes of education during a difficult period of radical changes in the 90-s of the last century and in the 2000-s in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It is analyzed the management policy of Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) towards the higher education; the results are described in the context of modified index of human potential development (MIHPD). Achievements of Russian Federation regions are considered during analysis of a role of educational process in the republic. ; The author studied a role of higher education in the development of human dimension and conditions of higher institutes of education during a difficult period of radical changes in the 90-s of the last century and in the 2000-s in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It is analyzed the management policy of Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) towards the higher education; the results are described in the context of modified index of human potential development (MIHPD). Achievements of Russian Federation regions are considered during analysis of a role of educational process in the republic.

Статья посвящена поиску и обоснованию основных тенденций в формировании и развитии этноконфессиональных отношений в современной России. На основе данных различных социологических исследований, в том числе сравнительных, проведенных кафедрой социологии МГЛУ с участием автора в Москве, Дагестане и Татарстане, осуществлена попытка выявить направления и характерные черты, определяющие общее устойчивое эволюционное развитие в этноконфессиональных отношениях. Рассматриваемые тенденции являются объективной основой общественно-политической стабильности в стране, и с этой точки зрения выступают в качестве факторов, влияющих на социально-политическую ситуацию. ; The article deals with the basic tendencies in formation and development of ethnic and confessional relations in modern Russia. This analysis is based on the data of varied sociological studies, including comparative studies conducted by the department of Sociology in Moscow, Dagestan and Tatarstan and in which the author took part. In this article the author tried to reveal trends and characteristic features defining the general stable evolution of ethnic and confessional relations. The tendencies under consideration are the objective basis of social and political stability in this country. From this point of view, these tendencies can be regarded as factors that influence social and political situation.

В статье осуществляется анализ коррупции с позиций теории Дж. Скотта, который рассматривал ее как политический процесс. Автор исследует особенности коррупции в современной России. Особое внимание уделяется анализу различных форм политического участия бизнеса, типов политической системы, электоральной коррупции. В статье исследуются причины теневого характера «политических инвестиций», который предполагает, что бизнес, не имеющий теневой составляющей, исключается из политического процесса. Автор делает вывод о том, что не имеет смысла обсуждать теневизацию бизнеса в России вне политического аспекта анализа. ; The corruption is analyzed in the article in the network of the theory of J. Scott, who regarded it as a political process. The author examines the characteristics of corruption in modern Russia. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of various political participation forms of business, types of political systems, electoral corruption. The shadow-nature causes of the «political investment», which suggest that the business without a shadow component is excluded from the political process, are investigated in the article. The author concludes that it makes no sense to discuss shadowed business in Russia beyond the political analysis.

Анализируется понятие "билингвизм", дается классификация билингвов, рассматриваются вопросы соотношения реальной, культурной и языковой картин мира. В результате анализа различных точек зрения автор приходит к выводу, что билингвизм равно как и полилингвизм расширяет границы познания мира и способствует взаимопониманию между отдельными людьми, народами и государствами. Образование в настоящее время становится интернациональным, многоязычным и поликультурным. Оно должно, по мнению автора, создать условия для вступления личности в равноправный диалог с имеющимся поликультурным окружением и позволить ей через национальную и изучаемую культуру войти в мировую культуру. ; The concept of bilingualism is analysed in this article. The author classifies bilinguals and considers questions of real, cultural and language worldviews correlation. Having analysed different points of view the author concludes that bilingualism and polylingualism expand world cognition and promote mutual understanding between people, nations and their governments. Education is now becoming an international, multilingual and multicultural. In author's opinion it must create conditions for the entry of the individual in the equal dialogue with the existing multicultural environment and allow it to enter the world culture through the national and studying culture.

Раскрывается влияние политики советского правительства на переселение украинцев на Южный Урал в 30-х гг. XX в. Дается характеристика плановой политики переселения, сформировавшейся в 20-е гг. XX в. Характеризуется влияние коллективизации и раскулачивания на движение населения из Украины. Раскрываются тенденции переселенческой политики накануне Второй мировой войны. ; The article reveals the impact of policies of the Soviet government for resettlement of Ukrainians in the South Urals in the 30-ies of XX century. The author draws attention primarily on the premise of the resettlement movement, which were formed in 20-ies and already implemented in the 30-ies. In this context underlines the importance of a planned approach to the organization of the resettlement case. The role of the Ukrainian population in these processes is shown in this article too. Relocation of the Ukrainian population in the 30-ies the author examines in relation to such things as collectivization and dispossession that ad a significant impact on the life of all residents. However, xcept traditional, including forced relocations, natural migration during this period is analyzed here too. Also tendencies of the resettlement policy before the World War II are revealed here.

The author argues that nativism, racism, and anti-immigrant sentiment presented by representatives of the U.S. government in the context of human trafficking leaves both victims and traffickers portrayed as one-dimensional criminals. Current anti-trafficking regimes embody and restate xenophobic reactions directed against illegal migrant men, while often disguising the role domestic actors have in trafficking. Additionally, the images presented imply that traffickers are lacking in "proper" masculinity, particularly of the sort embraced by Americans. This article not only explores how government anti-trafficking statements made between 1998 and 2010 create and reinforce divides in masculinities based on regimes of racial domination, but also notes particularly how anti-trafficking furthers the domination of white American masculinity. The author describes the ineffectiveness of such an approach and suggests that we must move beyond racial stereotyping and the immigration frame if we hope to broaden our definitions and understandings in a way that will deepen our thinking and allow us to see those involved in this trade as multi-faceted and textured human beings, thereby allowing us to pursue social change more effectively.

The author argues that nativism, racism, and anti-immigrant sentiment presented by representatives of the U.S. government in the context of human trafficking leaves both victims and traffickers portrayed as one-dimensional criminals. Current anti-trafficking regimes embody and restate xenophobic reactions directed against illegal migrant men, while often disguising the role domestic actors have in trafficking. Additionally, the images presented imply that traffickers are lacking in "proper" masculinity, particularly of the sort embraced by Americans. This article not only explores how government anti-trafficking statements made between 1998 and 2010 create and reinforce divides in masculinities based on regimes of racial domination, but also notes particularly how anti-trafficking furthers the domination of white American masculinity. The author describes the ineffectiveness of such an approach and suggests that we must move beyond racial stereotyping and the immigration frame if we hope to broaden our definitions and understandings in a way that will deepen our thinking and allow us to see those involved in this trade as multi-faceted and textured human beings, thereby allowing us to pursue social change more effectively.

This article explores the ways in which discourses of whiteness and childhood intersect in Arundhati Roy's novel The God of Small Things to position the Indian children in the novel in inferior relation to the figure of the white child. Drawing the novel into discussions of the ideal of the universal child that shapes hegemonic educational and international development responses to children, the author suggests that the discursive dominance of such a child figure is radically disempowering for the child who is not contained within its boundaries. In The God of Small Things the Indian twins' experiences of ontology are consistently rendered invalid and inauthentic by the spectre of the white child, who appears as their British cousin, Sophie Mol. The author argues that the figuration of the child in this novel highlights the ways in which the universalism of the white child can work to exclude childhoods that exist outside this normative position. At the same time as it draws out the politics of exclusion, the novel can be seen to posit an alternative way of performing/enacting childhood subjectivity, which allows for multiplicity and the privileging of difference.

Low-income, low-health-literacy Mexican-American women exhibit poor mammography screening participation and are being diagnosed at later stages of breast cancer than are non-Hispanic white women. No instrument has been available to measure the impact of cultural and psycho-social factors on the intent to seek mammography screening participation in this population. In this article the author describes the development process of the English Mammography Beliefs and Attitudes Questionnaire (MBAQ) and the Spanish Mammography Beliefs and Attitudes Questionnaire (SMBAQ). The Theory of Planned Behavior is the theoretical framework underlying these instruments designed to measure intent to seek mammography screening in low-health-literacy Mexican-American women. The process of developing the MBAQ utilized input from low-health-literacy Mexican-American women and an expert committee. The MBAQ was translated into Spanish and assessed for content validity and reading level. In the discussion, the author explains why the MBAQ and SMBAQ are appropriate tools for use with low-health-literacy Mexican-American women to measure their intentions to seek mammography screening. Limitations of the study and implications for practice and research are presented.

The concept of moral distress is not new to nursing. As early as 1984 Jameton described moral distress as occurring when one knows the right thing to do, but institutional constraints make it nearly impossible to pursue the right course of action. Nurses may experience moral distress when confronted with chosen treatment options that they believe are not be in the best interest of the patient, and/or do not mesh with their sense of right and wrong. Although the nursing literature documents moral distress in the clinical area, it does not address moral distress in academia. Yet anecdotal evidence indicates that moral distress also occurs in academic institutions. The author begins this article by describing the experience of moral distress and suggesting that moral distress occurs not only in the clinical setting, but also in the academic setting. This is followed by a review of the literature related to moral distress in nursing education and a discussion of the seeds of moral distress in nursing education, such as dishonesty, including cheating and plagiarism; grade inflation; and incivility. The author concludes by identifying the professional implications of moral distress in nursing education.

Sociologists of science have argued that due to the institutional reward system negative research results, such as failed experiments, may harm scientific careers. We know little, however, of how scientists themselves make sense of negative research findings. Drawing from the sociology of work, the author discusses how researchers involved in a double-blind, placebo, controlled randomized clinical trial for methamphetamine dependency informally and formally interpret the emerging research results. Because the drug tested in the trial was not an effective treatment, the staff considered the trial a failure. In spite of the disappointing results, the staff involved in the daily work with research subjects still reframed the trial as meaningful because they were able to treat people for their drug dependency. The authors of the major publication also framed the results as worthwhile by linking their study to a previously published study in a post hoc analysis. The author concludes that negative research findings offer a collective opportunity to define what scientific work is about and that the effects of failed experiments depend on individual biography and institutional context.

Employees are the foundation for the superstructure of a corporate organisation. Without them, the organisation would not be able to achieve its identified and highlighted goals and objectives. While the employees are expected to do much for the organisation for the remuneration they receive, the organisation also needs to appreciate their honest and committed services. Employee and Labour welfare needs to be undertaken by corporate organisations for genuine altruism and not for profit-making and goodwill building alone. In this paper, the author has used the study of a Group which has attempted this in corporate India for more than a century. The Tata Group and its major companies have been studied to describe their employee and labour welfare initiatives. The descriptive research design, with the now popular and evolving anecdotal style of narration, has been used by the author. Triangulation of data has been done through personal interviews with top executives of the Group and its major companies, responses to an Executive Perception Survey on Employees, and published information available in the public domain.

A complex web of racialist and nonracialist structural forces, along with cultural forces, have adversely impacted life in inner-city black neighborhoods. Yet a number of studies have raised questions about the real effects of living in such neighborhoods, including the widely cited studies on the Moving to Opportunity experiment. The author highlights studies that provide compelling evidence for considering the cumulative effects of residing in poor segregated neighborhoods. While some of these are structural, others are cultural, such as the effects of prolonged exposure to cultural traits that originate from or are the products of racial exclusion. Advancing the argument that structural conditions provide the context within which cultural responses to chronic economic and racial subordination are developed, the author suggests a holistic public policy perspective whereby the complex web of structural and cultural factors that create and reinforce racial inequality is recognized and appreciated. To illustrate this perspective, he highlights the Harlem Children's Zone, which President Obama has identified as a model for the creation of a national program of "promised neighborhoods" to address chronic racial and economic subordination.

How do nongovernmental (NGO), international (IO), and military organizations cope with their dependencies and address their perceptual and real differences in order to coordinate their field operations? This question is addressed through the creation of a matrix grouping civilian (NGOs and IOs) and military operations into four general types: peacekeeping; disaster relief; complex humanitarian emergencies/warfare; and stabilization and reconstruction. Second, using Galbraith's information processing approach to organizational design, a range of formal coordination mechanisms that organizations use at the strategic and operational levels to help them cope with their dependencies in different field operations is identified. Third, the author underscores how communities of practice are emerging as informal mechanisms of coordination among civilian and military organizations. And finally, a framework of organizational forms that views communities of practice as an alternative to hierarchy and markets is offered. Believing communities of practice hold the most promise for coordination in the human security domain when hierarchies are politically untenable and markets lack accountability, the author concludes with implications for interorganization coordination research and practice.

The author undertakes a polemic with a concept launched by Samuel Huntington, who, in his book The clash of civilizations, posited the existence of a Latino-American civilisation. Other scholars, such as Oswald Spengler or Arnold Toynbee, however, only refer in their writings to the ancient Indian civilisation in pre-Colombian America, while colonisation of the New World by the Europeans is rather more tied to expansion of civilisation of the West. The Author thus presents arguments both supporting and undermining a thesis that there existed some separate Latin American community. His considerations also refer to the views expressed by Francis Fukuyama and Carlos A. Montaner, who describe the political, social and economic backwardness of Latin American countries compared to the United States and the European Union. Thus, while the Latin American culture is clearly different from the American or the European, nevertheless, from a historiosophic point of view, it is difficult to find in it features which would unambiguously bear testimony to the civilisation of the region's being distinct from that of the West.