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Recently Kartsowiryo and the Darul Islam have become heroic symbols of the Islamist struggle. The author looks beyond the popular dichotomy between rebel and martyr and unveils a politician whose legacy has been shaping the role of Islam in Indonesian politics for over fifty years. She thereby offers an alternative view of Soekarno as the leader of the republic and his antagonism with the Islamic state. In a blend of archival sources, printed material, and oral accounts, the author follows the career and ideology of Kartosuwiryo. The chapters delineate the gradual radicalization of the Islamic party and of Kartosuwiryo's own ideals from the 1920s to the 1950s. A testament to the relevance of historical research in understanding contemporary politics, Islam and the Making of the Nation guides the reader through the contingencies of the past that have led to the transformation of a nationalist leader into a 'separatist rebel' and a 'martyr', while at the same time shaping the public perception of political Islam and strengthening the position of the Pancasila in contemporary Indonesia.

Much nuance and variability have been lost in the process of the reductivist analysis of Islam post 9/11 and, as this study amply demonstrates, we are all the poorer as a result. This exhaustive examination of the rise and spread of the Tablighi Jama't, arguably the world's largest Islamic missionary movement, locates it in the larger perspective of global Islam and developments in the Muslim societies. Combining an overview of the history and current socio-political perception of the Tablighi Jama'at with a more analytical and philosophical approach to fundamental questions of identity, subject-positioning and representation, the author creates a comprehensive resource of interest to all scholars and students of Islam. Drawing on exhaustive research and records of conversion narratives of the new members of Tablighi Jama'at, cited here at length, the author creates a unique perspective on this complex phenomenon from both an internal and external viewpoints. Ahmad-Noor locates the spiritual framework of the movement in the context of its perception in the eyes of the political and religious authorities of the countries where it has a following, as well as the Western 'securocrat' approach.

On 20 December 2009, President Hu Jintao praised Macau for its successful implementation of the One Country Two Systems model. This was interpreted by some as drawing an implicit comparison between Hong Kong and Macau with Beijing favouring the latter's interpretation and implementation of One Country Two Systems. This article evaluates the core values and autonomy entrenched within Hong Kong during British colonial rule and Macau during Portuguese colonial rule and ascertains the extent to which these factors have shaped the different modes of constitutional development in Hong Kong and Macau post-Handover. The author argues that the One Country Two Systems framework, with its emphasis on a 'high degree of autonomy' and 'life shall remain unchanged', means that any contemporary comparisons drawn between Hong Kong and Macau must take into account the unique (and very different) political and constitutional norms left behind by their respective colonial masters. The author argues that a more balanced view must be taken and that constitutional issues must also be viewed in light of norms established by the colonial rule of the past. ; published_or_final_version

В статье подробно исследуется влияние на германо-советские отношения 1939 1941 гг. подписанного 27 сентября 1940 года в Берлине тройственного пакта между Германией, Италией и Японией о разделе сфер влияния в мире. Автором рассматривается динамика развития немецко-советских политических и экономических отношений в 1939 1941 гг. с точки зрения как истории двусторонних отношений, так и их места и роли в контексте подписанного тройственного пакта. Автор пытается по-новому взглянуть на этот процесс и дать соответствующую оценку происходившим событиям. ; The article issues in details the influence on the German-Soviet relations 1939 1941 of the triple pact signed on September 27 th 1940 in Berlin between Germany, Italy and Japan concerning the spheres of influence in the world. The author considers dynamics in development of the German-Soviet political and economic relations in 1939 1941, both from point of view of mutual historical relations, and their places and a role in a context of the triple pact. The author tries to have a new look at this process and to state a corresponding estimation to occurring events.

Рассматриваются вопросы происхождения Лжедмитрия II, а также его поддержки со стороны польско-литовского окружения. На основании обнаруженных автором документов, находящихся в фондах Государственного архива Швеции, переписки короля Сигизмунда III и канцлера Л. Гембицкого, а также писем королевского секретаря ксендза Якуба Задзика, реконструирована политическая интрига, приведшая к гибели второго Дмитрия Самозванца. Автор полагает, что конфронтация двух претендентов на русскую корону - Сигизмунда III и Лжедмитрия II способствовала тому, что польско-литовская интервенция в Московское государство не достигла своих желаемых целей ; The article describes the questions of the False Dmitri II origin, and his support from the Polish-Lithuanian environment. Based on the documents from the State Archives of Sweden (Riksarkivet) (discovered by the author), the correspondence of King Sigismund III with chancellor L. Gembitski, and the letters of the Royal Secretary JakubZadzik, we reconstructed the political intrigue, which led to the death of the second False Dmitri. The author believes that the confrontation between the two contenders for the Russin crown Sigismund III and False Dmitry II contributed, that the Polish-Lithuanian intervention in to the Muscovite state did not achieve their desired goals

This paper analyses the China-Myanmar 'comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership' in the framework of China's diplomacy in the post-Cold War era and concludes that the partnership has no 'significant negative impact' on regional relations. China pursues its partnerships with Myanmar and other states to create a 'stable' and 'harmonious' surrounding environment, itself a 'major' prerequisite for China's peaceful development. The author argues that China has not focused its diplomacy on Myanmar at the expense of other states; rather, he notes that in fact China established a 'comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership' with three other ASEAN states (Vietnam in 2008, Laos in 2009, and Cambodia in 2010) before it did so with Myanmar in May 2011. The article argues that the scope and depth of China's partnerships with states such as Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia are actually above that of its partnership with Myanmar. It also argues that Myanmar's strong nationalism will prevent China from, for example, building a base on Myanmar's soil. The author also asserts that China does not seek to use Myanmar as an ally to weaken or dilute ASEAN or its unity on the South China Sea issue. Adapted from the source document.

В статье на основе исследований, проведенных автором и при его участии, представлено политико-социологическое понимание важности процессов формирования общественного мнения в условиях военно-политического кризиса. По итогам проведенных исследований осуществлен сравнительный анализ общественного мнения населения 4 стран: Россия, Грузия, Абхазия, Южная Осетия по вопросу кризисной ситуации, возникшей на территории Южной Осетии в августе 2008г. Одним из центральных выводов, которые представляет автор, является факт необходимости увеличения информационного присутствия России на европейской арене. ; The article presents political and sociological understanding of the importance of public opinion formation processes in the conditions of military-political crisis; it is based on the research conducted by the author and with his participation. According to the results of the conducted research, the comparative analysis of public opinion of the population of 4 countries is carried out (Russia, Georgia, Abkhazia and South Ossetia); it concerns the crisis situation which occurred in the territory of South Ossetia in August 2008. One of the central conclusions which are presented by the author is the necessity of increase of informational presence of Russia in the European territory.

Новая работа известного историка посвящена трагическим судьбам двух братьев министра внутренних дел Н.А. Маклакова (1871-1918) и известного адвоката и либерала В.А. Маклакова (1869-1957). Автор рассматривает их расхождение в политических взглядах, их служебную и общественную деятельность, их роли в общественно-политической жизни России в начале XX в., их борьбу против диктатуры большевиков. Основное внимание автор уделяет попыткам министра Н.А. Маклакова сохранить самодержавие в России и деятельности адвоката В.А. Маклакова по либеральному реформированию политического строя России. ; This new work of the well-known historian covers the tragic destinies of two brothers. the Russian minister of internal affairs N.A. Maklakov (1871.1918) and the popular lawyer and liberal V.A. Maklakov (1869.1957). The author considers their differences in political views, their official and public activities, their roles in the socio-political life of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century, and their struggle against the Bolshevik dictatorship. The author focuses on minister N.A. Maklakov.s attempts to preserve the autocracy in Russia and lawyer V.A. Maklakov.s liberal reforming activity of the Russian political system.

В статье рассматриваются различные теории денежного обращения, существующие в эко‑ номической науке, особенно — теория К. Менгера («австрийская теория экономического цикла»), их соотнесение с действующим правовым регулированием денежного обращения, установленным национальным законодательством. Анализ проведен с точки зрения устра‑ нения несоответствий в национальном законодательстве, противоречащих достижениям экономической науки как фактора повышения конкурентоспособности экономики России на глобальных рынках капитала. По результатам анализа сформулированы предложения по внесению изменений в законодательство, а также оценены экономические последствия существующего правового регулирования с точки зрения экономической теории. ; The author analyses various theories of currency circulation existing in economic science, especially the K. Menger' theory (the Austrian theory of the business cycle) and their correlation with the current legal regulation in the national law. The analysis was done to eliminate existing contradictions in the national legislation in accordance with the achievements of modern economic science as the factor to increase the competitiveness of the Russian economy at the global capital markets. According to the analysis the author proposes amendments to the legislation, as well as analyses the economic effects of the existing legal regulation in the opinion of the modern economic theory.

В статье рассматривается развитие торговых отношений между Финнмарком (Северной Норвегией) и Кольским Заполярьем (Россией) сквозь призму историко-политического подхода на примере взаимодействия двух стран в баренц-поморской торговле: отношений в древний период, период Холодной войны и становлении Баренцева сотрудничества. Автор приходит к выводу, что приграничные регионы представляют собой суть одно целое, а граница является соединяющим фактором. Автор представляет перспективы развития российско-норвежских торговых отношений в свете упрощения визового режима и развития Баренцева сотрудничества в XXI веке. ; The article deals with the development of trade relations between Finnmark (Northern Norway) and the Kola North (Russia) in the focus of historical and political approach on the example of the two countries in the Barents Pomor Trade, relations during the ancient period, period Cold War and the establishment of the Barents cooperation. The author comes to the conclusion that the border regions are the essence of a whole, and the border is a connecting factor. The author presents the prospects for Russian-Norwegian trade relations in the case of the visa-free regime and development of the Barents cooperation in the XXI century.

Автор рассматривает место и роль парламента в системе ветвей власти в современных государствах с республиканским строем, образовавшихся на постсоветском пространстве, и в частности в Республике Таджикистан. В статье приводятся различные определения понятий «парламент», «парламентаризм», указываются специфические особенности эволюции парламентаризма в нашей стране. Автор дает своё определение современного парламентаризма, называя его сложноструктурированным политическим пространством, обладающим системой сущностно-функциональных характеристик в поле деятельности законодательнопредставительного органа, его взаимодействие с другими ветвями власти и составляющими политической организации общества ; The author considers the place and role of parlament in the system of power branches in modern states with republican structure formed in the post-Soviet space, in the Republic of Tajikistan, in particular. Various definitions are adduced in the article in reference to the notions of "parliament", "parliamentarism"; specific peculiarities of the evolution of parlamentarism in Tajikistan are brought to the notice of the reader. The author gives the definition of his own concerned with modern prliamentarism, he calls it as complicatedly constructed political space possessing the system of essential functional features in the field of activities of the legislative-presentational body; interaction with other branches of power and the constituents of society being analyzed as well.

Статья посвящена проблемам учета квалификации и репутации в ходе проведения процедур закупок и осуществления государственных контрактов. Автором статьи при анализе норм Федерального закона «О размещении заказов на поставки товаров, выполнение работ, оказание услуг для государственных и муниципальных нужд», предусматривающих невозможность включения в документацию условий о квалификации, указывается на преимущества и недостатки данного явления, рассматривается вопрос о важности предквалификационного отбора и новых способах размещения заказов. ; The article is devoted to the problems of the account of qualifications and reputation while carrying out the procedures of purchases and implementation of state contracts. The author of the article analyses the norms of the Federal government "Concerning the Placing of Orders for Supplies of Goods, the Performance of Work and the Rendering of Services for State and Municipal Requirements" which involve the impossibility to include into documents such aspects as conditions of qualification; the author points out both the advantages and disadvantages of the above mentioned phenomenon, considers the question about the necessity of prequalification selection and new ways of the placing orders.

The Eritrea-Ethiopia peace process remains stalled a decade after the arbitral award by the Boundary Commission and several years after awards by the Claims Commission. This article assesses why arbitration by the two commissions did not produce the desired outcome. To this end, the author analyzes primary and secondary sources and argues that arbitration was not the right method of conflict resolution. Mayer's multi-dimensional approach to conflict and conflict resolution informs the discussion that the conflict between the two countries has cognitive, emotional and behavioral dimensions. It is argued that arbitration as a settlement of dispute by purely legal means is ineffective to adequately address the multiple dimensions of the conflict. The author underscores that such conflicts can only be resolved by using a combination of different interventions. Specifically, while arbitration may be appropriate to deal with some essentially resource related matters, the resolution of emotional and cognitive dimensions of this conflict call for a multi-track approach in which different segments of the people from the two countries can play critical roles.

O artigo busca apresentar um panorama acerca do percurso particular e intelectual de seu autor, de maneira a explorar diante da escrita de si as vicissitudes de suas escolhas. As opções e trajetos pessoais são entendidos como configuradores de tramas autobiográficas que o conduziram ao longo de sua formação, a transpor fronteiras disciplinares alcançando o campo da Antropologia, quando a figura do antropólogo emerge como narrador de si, e, por isso, como uma espécie de personagem de si mesmo diante do ofício etnográfico de reflexão sobre o Outro. Palavras chave: Trajetória. Memória. Antropologia. Interdisciplinaridade. Personal Trajectories and the Possible Landscapes: paths, memory and narration Abstract This article aims to present an overview concerning the intellectual trajectory of the author. Based on his academic career paths the scholar reflects about the nature of his choices. These personal paths and choices considered as an autobiographical framework have led the author to cross disciplinary boundaries and to act as a narrator of himself. In this sense, he performs a character of himself, while practicing the ethnography on the Other. Keywords: Trajectory. Memory. Anthropology. Interdisciplinarity.

Foregrounding the link between the postmodern spatial turn and the geopolitics of the Cold War, this essay reconsiders the primacy of space and visuality in the postwar global imaginary through an examination of sound and rhythm. Henri Lefebvre's writings on the everyday mobilize rhythm to conceptualize alternatives to the reified visual world, but his work reveals the tension between metaphorical treatments of rhythm and its sonic materiality. Turning to music as an aesthetic form defined by this relationship, the author draws on the work of Jacques Attali, Rose Rosengard Subotnik, and Jonathan Kramer to examine the politics of musical listening as a social practice. In postwar art music, minimalism is particularly notable for engendering experiences of time that resonate with postmodern spatialization. This article proceeds with a reading of John Adams's 1987 opera Nixon in China, a work that uses minimalist procedures to depict Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China. The author contends that the opera's use of rhythm and treatment of time reveals the anxieties of its historical moment, the concluding years of the Cold War.