THE RESISTANCE TO POLITICAL CHANGE ASSOCIATED WITH THE ISLAMIC BLOC IS NOT NECESSARILY A FUNCTION OF THE MUSLIM FAITH. THIS ARTICLE ARGUES THAT THE EVIDENCE INDICATES QUITE THE REVERSE. IT EXPLORES THE POSSIBILITY OF DIVERSITY AND REFORM AND THE PHILOSOPHIES OF TWO MIDDLE EASTERN REFORMERS, ABDUL KARIM SOROUSH, AND RACHID AL-GHANNOUCHI. IT CONCLUDES THAT THE ISLAMISTIC REFORMIST MOVEMENT HAS A VERY LONG WAY TO GO.
Von allen zentralasiatischen Staaten hat sich Kirgisistan als das für die Tätigkeit ausländischer Missionare fruchtbarste Feld erwiesen. Der Beitrag informiert über die religiöse Gesetzgebung des Landes und die staatliche Religionspolitik und geht auf das Verhältnis der verschiedenen Ethnien zur Religion sowie die Beziehungen zwischen Religion und Politik ein. Weitere Darstellungsschwerpunkte bilden die religiöse Situation in der Stadt Osch, einem der islamischen Zentren Zentralasiens, der Wahhabbismus und das Verhältnis der Frauen zur Religion. (BIOst-Mrk)
"Halloween und Christkindl" beschäftigt sich mit der komplexen Relation von Kultur, Wirtschaft und Religion. Wir sind inzwischen Bürger mehrerer Welten und leben in einer Fülle von Spannungselementen. Das Leben mit der Vielfalt - und dafür steht Europa - ist schwer. Hier ist die Wirtschaft eine Hilfsfunktion, denn Monopole beleben nie, sondern der Wettbewerb und der Markt lassen mehr Möglichkeiten entstehen. Kultur ist eine Ausdrucksform dieser Situation.. "Halloween und Christkindl" sind ein Ausdruck dessen, dass es Orientierungen gibt; die Dinge aber auch gleichzeitig in Fluss sind und der Gabe der Unterscheidung bedürfen. Die Welten von Kultur und Wirtschaft sind keine Gegensätze, sondern auf das Engste miteinander verbunden, wobei man jedem dieser Bereiche "Glaube, Kultur und Wirtschaft" eine eigenständige Funktion, aber auch eine Relation zueinander zubilligen muss. Die Beiträge dieses Bandes setzen sich fundiert mit diesem vielschichtigen Thema auseinander.
Indonesia consists of various ethnic-groups, religions, races, etc which are the potential base of human resources. It could be created optimally if placed in equal aspiration framework then gives the great power. In the other side, the diversity has a potentialal to gives social crime-infested such as social conflict. Based on the view above, the writer writes this thesis entitled an observation of social ethics towards the paradox of religion role and freedom of religion in terms of conflicts in Indonesia.This is a descriptive qualitative research which for explain objectively and obviously regarding social ethics towards the paradox of religion role and freedom of religion in terms of conflicts in Indonesia.Conflicts happened in Indonesia lately caused by religion predicted. If it analyzed, religion is not a main cause of the conflicts happened in Ambon or other cities in Indonesia because every religion teaches kindness. Exclusives and excessive solidarity of some members of a religious community that cause conflicts among people. Based on ethics, the exclusives of some members leads to immoral behavior in terms of religion the worst thing. Specifically ethics focus on how people should life in relation with society to achieve security, safety and welfare. Ethics helps us not to loss orientation in transformation of culture, social, economy, politics and intellectual.Conflicts of religions that happened in Indonesia make freedom of religion concept is not appreciated as a human right. Religion should have a role to establish pluralism admit that every religion is legal and has value of righteousness.
The reality of Indonesian multiculturalism is the fortune and wealth as far as its diversity is recognized, internalized, and responded with tolerance. If plurality becomes the separator that forms the symbol of a group and personal ego, then plurality becomes the cause of dispute, intolerance, and even radicalism. The cases of violence in the name of religion target all levels of society, including young intellectuals. This study aims to observe the scholar's perspective on radicalism in the name of religion in multicultural reality. The samples were 649 fourth semesters scholars in ITB, UNPAD, UPI, UIN Sunan Gunung Jati, UNPAS, UNISBA, and POLBAN in 2012. According to the research, most of the students have a good multicultural understanding. 65% of respondents have an awareness of accepting and appreciating differences, and 63% accept and appreciate differences in religious activities. Only 2% (almost always) and 32% (sometimes) commit acts of discrimination. However, half of the respondents (42% slightly agree and 8% agree) have an intolerant view. 21% of respondents slightly agree, and 3% agreed to view jihad as synonymous with violence. Surprisingly, 22% of respondents slightly agree, and 3% agreed to interpret jihad as terrorism. Moreover, 15% of respondents slightly agree, and 2% agreed to view suicide bombing as an act of jihad. Young intellectuals should have a clear understanding of jihad both etymologically or epistemologically. Overcoming the phenomenon of radicalism must depart from the core of the problems. One method is de-radicalization to straighten out a narrow-minded in a friendly, tolerant, peaceful, and humane way in the social, political, economic, and educational fields.
Abstract: This paper on the role and position of the jurists in Iran Islamic government system and to investigate the implementation of the system of government in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this research, descriptive research type use eksplanatif. In the view of the Shi'a Imami, there is a close connection between the concept of Imamate partner and the concept of Wilayat al-Faqih. Both are the successor to the prophetic mission of religion in order to preserve and manage the affairs of the world. The state becomes a tool and fortress as well as the retention erectly Sharia as a way of life of the people in achieving a happy life and Hereafter. Thus the State Islamic Republic of Iran to the wilayat al-faqih system has been institutionalized / institutionalization of religious values in the country's political structure.Keywords: religion, state, politic Abstrak: Tulisan ini mengenai peran dan kedudukan para fuqaha dalam sistem pemerintahan islam iran dan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan sistem pemerintahan di negara Republik Islam Iran. Dalam penelitian ini, menggunakkan tipe penelitian deskriptif eksplanatif. Di dalam pandangan kaum Syi'ah Imamiyah, terdapat kaitan yang sangan erat antara konsep Imamah dan konsep Wilayat al-Faqih. Kedua-duanya merupakan pelanjut bagi misi kenabian guna memelihara agama dan mengatur urusan dunia. Negara menjadi alat dan benteng pertahanan serta jaminan tetap tegaknya syariat sebagai pedoman hidup rakyat dalam mencapai kehidupan yang bahagia dunia dan akhirat. Dengan demikian Negara Republik Islam Iran dengan sistem wilayat al-faqih telah melakukan institusionalisasi/pelembagaan nilai-nilai agama dalam struktur politik negaranya.Kata kunci: agama, Negara, politik
The state is legally required to be neutral towards religion, but in many countries it is increasingly anything but. This book conducts a comparative legal analysis of the church-state relationship within and between western countries - including the USA, France and Israel - that are key players in international and domestic dynamics in which religion and religious conflict take centre stage. It analyses how government accommodates diversity, how policies of multiculturalism and pluralism translate into legislation, the extent to which they address matters of religion and belief and what pattern of related issues then come before the courts. Finally, it considers how civil society and democracy in general can maintain a balance between the interests of those of different religions and beliefs and those of none. In this illuminating study, Kerry O'Halloran shows how the relationship between religion and government affects civil society and the functioning of democracy in North America and Europe.
Warum suchen bikulturelle Paare und Familien eine Beratungsstelle auf? Welches sind mögliche »Kulturfallen«? Welche Strategien haben sich in der Beratung erfolgreich gezeigt? Die AutorInnen berichten aus der Praxis und schreiben verständlich über Chancen und Risiken der interkulturellen Beratung. Ein hilfreiches Buch für BeraterInnen und Ratsuchende.In bikulturellen Familien und Partnerschaften spielt die Erfahrung einer anderen kulturellen Herkunft und Bindung, manchmal auch einer anderen Religion, eine Rolle. Familien sind deshalb vor Herausforderungen gestellt, die individuell und kreativ gelöst werden müssen. Sie können zur Zerreißprobe oder zum Labor neuer Chancen werden.Bikulturelle Erfahrungen wirken sich auch auf die Beratungssituation aus. Die Situation im interkulturellen Beratungssetting gleicht einem Seiltanz. Die BeraterInnen können mit Situationen konfrontiert werden, die Fremdheit, Angst, Abwehr oder Unsicherheit erzeugen. Von Bedeutung ist das Wissen über andere kulturelle Werthaltungen, Normen, Verhaltensweisen und Moralvorstellungen. Es kann jedoch auch zu Stereotypisierungen führen und eine wahrhaftige Begegnung mit den Ratsuchenden verhindern.
Abstract Due to the federal structure of Switzerland, interreligious activities are also strongly influenced by cantonal contexts. Based on published material as well as on semi-directive interviews with key protagonists, the article analyses three cases of interreligious dialogue – two cantonal cases from the German-, or respectively French-speaking part of the country and the more general case of a women's network. In the cantonal cases, interreligious dialogue is strongly linked to state-religion relation and serves as a tool for inclusion of new religious communities and for social cohesion. In each of the two cases, there are specific forms and organisational structures of dialogue. In contrast to these examples, the third case is more independent of political interests and often adopts a critical stance. Thus two types of interreligious discourse and relationship with the state can be identified which can also be seen as complementary: either a more critical voice keeping distance from power, or a collaboration with political structures strengthening the religious communities' influence within the system.
Körper, Technik und Imagination stehen in einem konstruktiven Zusammenspiel. Besonders deutlich wird dieses komplexe Geflecht beim Erfinden neuer Techniken, die Praktiken ermöglichen, die zuvor nur imaginiert oder geträumt wurden. Die Beiträger*innen des Bandes untersuchen sowohl rekursive Prozesse zwischen Körper- und Imaginationstechniken als auch die Rolle von körperlichen und imaginativen Tätigkeiten beim Erfinden, Schöpfen und Machen. Die interdisziplinären Perspektiven aus Philosophie, Medien-, Kultur- und Literaturwissenschaft tragen dazu bei, den Begriff der Imaginationstechniken im Verhältnis zu Marcel Mauss' Konzept der Körpertechniken fassbar zu machen.
"Since the time of the Enlightenment in Western Europe, discussions of faith and reason have often pitted the believer against the skeptic, the theist against the atheist, and the person of one faith against the person of no professed faith. But the relation of reason to faith has been a matter of debate among believers as well. There are those who hold that religious faith can be proven or supported by rational argument. Others say that to try to give reasons and arguments does violence to religious faith, or opens it to misunderstanding and doubt, or trivializes it. Responses to the Enlightenment: An Exchange on Foundations, Faith, and Community is a dialogue between Hendrik Hart and William Sweet, two philosophers who identify themselves as Christians, and who seek to respond to the challenges of the Enlightenment and its legacy. The authors approach the relation of faith to reason, however, in very different ways: Hart from the perspective of the Calvinian tradition and postmodern philosophy, Sweet from the Catholic tradition and analytic philosophy. Among the topics discussed are the nature of religious faith and of reason, liberalism and orthodoxy in religion, the relation of religious experience and rationality, and building community in a religiously and culturally pluralistic world. This exchange presents two distinctive perspectives to some of the major challenges of the reason to religious belief, but seeks to find common ground between them"--Publisher's description
According to the author, Jean Meslier is an unknown philosopher. He is a critic of the political and religious system of the eighteenth century. Misunderstood by Voltaire we can say is even more critic than him. His position on religion and politics is ahead of its time, offering new ways of governing (a socialist atheist state) and removing the religion involved. This author was translated into Spanish in the sixties of the twentieth century, however, he has not had any acceptance in the history of universal political philosophy. ; A decir del autor, Jean Meslier es un autor poco conocido. Es un crítico del sistema político y religioso del siglo XVIII. Mal comprendido por Voltaire, podemos decir que incluso es más crítico que este autor. Su posición contra la religión y la política se adelanta a su época, proponiendo nuevas maneras de gobernar (un estado ateo socialista) y quitando a la religión de por medio. Este autor fue traducido al español en los años sesenta del siglo XX; sin embargo, no ha tenido aceptación alguna en la historia de la filosofía política universal.
