Suchergebnisse

В статье исследуются юридические процедуры корпоративного управления в совместных предприятиях в форме закрытых акционерных обществ с небольшим (три и менее) количеством акционеров. Автором выявлены законодательства об акционерных обществах, требующие более полного соответствия принципам достаточности и нормативной целесообразности, причиной чему служит отсутствие дифференциации законодательного подхода к закрытым акционерным обществам в зависимости от количества участников, выработаны предложения по упрощению и либерализации указанных процедур. ; This article investigates legal corporate governance procedures in the closed joint-stock companies with a small (three or less) number of shareholders. The author focuses on the rules of the legislation on joint-stock companies that require a more complete compatibility with the principles and the adequacy of regulatory expediency, the cause of this is the lack of differentiation of a legislative approach to the closed joint-stock companies, depending on the number of participants. to proposals for simplification and liberalization of these procedures. The author worked out proposals for simplification and liberalization of mentioned procedures.

В статье рассматриваются особенности правового регулирования перехода произведения в общественное достояние. Анализируется содержание правовой категории «достояние». Делается вывод о том, что существующее законодательство не предоставляет автору права добровольной передачи произведения в общественное достояние. Автор считает, что наличие государственного реестра произведений, составляющих гордость национальной культуры и перешедших в общественное достояние, способствовало бы расширению круга правомерно издаваемых и распространяемых издательствами произведений, этому же служила бы и информация о том, что произведения являются общественным достоянием. ; The article deals with peculiarities of legal regulation of the transition work in the public domain. Analyze the content of the legal category of property. It is concluded that existing legislation does not give the author the right of a voluntary transfer works in the public domain. The author believes that the availability of a state registry works, the pride of national culture and have fallen into the public domain, would increase the number of validly issued and distributed by publishing works that would serve the same information and that the works are public domain.

В статье предлагается анализ идеологической системы на основе исследований общественного мнения. В частности, ставится вопрос о том, как политические взгляды и идеологические представления российских граждан объединяются в устойчивые типы и располагаются в модели идеологического континуума. Опираясь на данные массового опроса, автор выделяет кластеры идеологических сторонников, которые рассматриваются в качестве точек на оси координат. Это дает возможность сформировать эмпирически обоснованные выводы относительно специфики идеологического спектра и проанализировать взаимосвязь данных с развитием политических процессов в стране. ; Based on the opinion researches, the article analyses the ideological system. In particular, the author raises the question concerning what political and ideological views of Russians are united into stable types and located in the model of the ideological continuum. Based on the opinion polls` data, the author sorts out the clusters of ideological supporters which are considered to be the points on the coordinate axis. It allows to empirically making conclusions towards relative specifics of ideological spectrum and analyzing the relationship between the data and the development of political processes in Russia.

The author argues that the world's Arctic resources will likely be partitioned among the five countries that can claim them, but due to uncontested international treaties it will not be on a first-come-first-served basis. The article notes that fishing activity has increased in the Arctic not necessarily because of global climate change, but because fish stocks in more temperate waters have been badly depleted. The Arctic's resources will not be used in the future to further enrich and empower the Arctic states, but the energy-hungry developing economies, such as those of China and India, that will consume these resources. The author notes that navigable Arctic passages will not be a reality until at least the next century, thus failing to transform the current shipping routes in the near future. Current legal instruments are sufficient to manage the Arctic and the growing economic importance of the region helps insure peace and does not act as a catalyst for war. K. Cargill

The emergence of new information and communication technologies in the 1990s offered governments opportunities to deliver public services more effectively to their citizens. Yet national and subnational authorities have employed such technologies in highly uneven ways. Drawing on a new data set of technology policy adoption by Indian states, the author argues that political calculations drive variation in the timing and scope of technology policies. Politicians weigh the expected electoral benefits from providing new goods to citizens against the expected electoral costs of reduced access to corrupt funds because of increased transparency. The author shows that the level of bureaucratic corruption in a state is the best predictor of both when states implement policies promoting computer-enabled services and the number of services made available.This finding contrasts with arguments that posit economic or developmental conditions, or alternative electoral and institutional characteristics, as the major drivers of technology investment.

Oil rents may at times fall like 'manna from heaven' into the fiscal coffers of the state. Yet politicians also make decisions that can increase or decrease the extent to which oil rents accrue to the central government. Though counterintuitive, various evidence suggests that politicians sometimes do not seek to maximize the state's claim on rents. In this article, the author substantiates this observation with evidence from Venezuela and then develops a formal model of the relationship between electoral competition and rent choice. The author argues that the model can explain why politicians allowed the central government's share of rents to decline in Venezuela beginning in the 1990s, even though a decline in rents plausibly contributed to the destabilization of Venezuelan democracy. The argument illuminates patterns of rent capture in other cases, whereas the model may be useful in many settings in which the gains from economic investment are realized over several electoral terms. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright holder.]