Suchergebnisse

The article examines the evolution of poverty research, starting from a monograph published 25 years ago by ISESP RAS; the article gives a brief overview of the main achievements of this 1994 publication, which remains relevant even a quarter of century later. The main domestic works preceding this publication are also considered. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the research approaches put forward in this work and the main conclusions, as well as to identify their relationship and conformity with modern achievements of scientific thought of Russian and foreign researchers. The problem of poverty and implementation of anti-poverty policies remains an extensive field of scientific discussion that affects the practice of government decisions, which are very sensitive to the population. The main documents of international organizations aimed at eradicating extreme poverty and strengthening the world poverty reduction policy are briefly reviewed. The article notes the importance of the monitoring living conditions of Russian families in the form of a Comprehensive Survey conducted by Rosstat. According to the author, continuation of this monitoring of families will allow a more balanced approach to measures of financial assistance to families with children and take adequate social protection measures that will help these families to avoid transition to poverty. On the basis of analysis of publications on materials from the Taganrog studies, the author expresses the opinion that it is incorrect to apply the term "maloobespechenny" (not sufficiently provided for) to income-poor families as this concept should include the property status of the poor. The author suggests that the institute that prepared the 1994 edition can successfully combine social, economic, demographic and sociological approaches for an integrated study of the phenomenon of poverty.

The article presents a historiographic analysis of information about Shamkhalate of Tarki, collected by Jacob Reineggs. In his work "Allegemeine historisch-topographische Beschreibund des Kaukasus" ("General Historical and Topographical Description of the Caucasus"), published post-mortem in the German language in 1796, two paragraphs (47 and 48) are dedicated to Shamkhalate of Tarki. In paragraph 47 Reineggs briefly dwells on the Shamkhals, who ruled over this domain in the 18th century, from where it had been reported on their relations with Russia, Persia and Turkey, as well as on a civil strife in Shamkhalate. Paragraph 48 describes the domain itself: its borders, settlements, household, its capital Targu, features of the Shamkhalate relations with dependent and neighbouring domains and rural communities.Relevance of the work lies in the need for a critical analysis of the information provided by the author of the work. Reineggs, who visited the Caucasus five times, is often cited as a source of information on the medieval history of Dagestan. The study of the J. Reineggs' text was carried out by comparing the author's information with the information about the Shamkhalate of Tarki from other sources.The analysis has shown that the author made incorrect assertions about the reasons for the change of the capital of Shamkhalate of Tarki; about robberies of the local population being one of their activities; about the particular language of the residents of Karabudakhkent, in the description of Areak (Arakana) and Erpeli as villages whose population spoke one language intrinsic only to them. Nevertheless, the "General Historical and Topographical Description of the Caucasus" is regarded by the author of the article as a good source on the history of Shamkhalate of Tarki, as it was written by a traveler based on his personal impressions.

American writer William Dean Howells led an intensive search for artistic means to represent reality throughout his creative journey. His creative method was characterized by an acute sensation of the world's objectivity and the understanding of art as a special language. In this article, various types of art (landscape, music) are examined by which the writer created a factographic reflection of the urban space that determined the artistic specifics of his works. The theme of the city and the motive of the road in W. D. Howells creative destiny became fundamental ones and were reflected in his small prose. The studied texts of the American writer focused the attention on the inner world and the feelings of the author-narrator. He has a phenomenal memory that helps to save not only the experienced events, but also the emotional fabric of his wanderings in detail. The urban pictures conveyed by W.D. Howells are as detailed as possible, demonstrate both the author's picture of the world and the specific norms of the urban space of the XIXth century. In the stories the writer shows such power of the urban environment, which adversely affects the development of urban culture, not only ecological but also psychological pollution occurs, the break with the surrounding reality and the construction of an artificial world. Thus, it allowed the author to combine documentality and artistic generalizations, confirming everything with specific names, titles, and events. Throughout the narrative in the small prose by W. D. Howells, the idea of the organic development of small towns and the existence in harmony with the surrounding natural environment is the main one, which is of enormous importance for the modern world. An original translation from English in the article was performed by the author.

Purpose
Well-founded measurements are of high value because a better connection between business process management (BPM) and maturity models (MMs) improves an organization's performance. Although MMs are appropriate tools for organizations to manage their business processes and, therefore, enjoy popularity, most of these models suffer from their foundation, validation and/or capability coverage. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue by providing metrics to measure and manage business processes.


Design/methodology/approach
A high-standard and multistaged procedure was followed to systematically develop and validate the measurement instrument involving international academics and practitioners across four continents. Different rounds were used for item identification, item selection, item revision, instrument preparation (pretest and pilot) and instrument application using partial least squares structural equation modeling.


Findings
The instrument measures 4 main capability areas, 13 subareas and 62 items. The work explains how to conduct BPM assessments in a more theoretically sound way and reports on the instrument's development to show high levels of construct validity, content validity and reliability.


Research limitations/implications
The author provides a rigorous and more evidence-based instrument, facilitating the BPM discipline's need of empirical research.


Practical implications
The author proposes parameters to configure the instrument.


Originality/value
Serving as a reference framework, the instrument strengthens BPM's empirical and theoretical foundations. Since the instrument is free for scholars and practitioners, the author illustrates the research streams and business situations in which the instrument can be applied (in full or in part). This paper paves the way for transforming the instrument into an optimization MM with advice or improvement paths, bridging the gap between theory and practice.

The author offers connection between traditional theology of the Church and public theology like a relationship between the Old and the New Testaments. That means that activation of the public role of religion should not negate its private role, that is, prayer as a person's intimate communication with God. Otherwise, it can turn religion into an ideology or into a so-called "civil religion". The author quotes Cyril Hovorun, who criticizes "imperial ideology" and exposes "politicized and aggressive church structures." The author also mentions the ideas of Wolfgang Huber, who emphasizes the importance of the "public order of the Church," but at the same time speaks on the danger of a "malleable adaptation of the Church" to the needs of "this world."Another prophetic voice on the place of the Church in the society is Metropolitan John Zizioulas, who highlights a number of trends in the identity of the Church. Considering the importance of ideological, missionary, moralistic and therapeutic functions, he emphasizes that "the Church is identified in the sacraments." The reflections of the three mentioned thinkers on the Russian, German and Greek contexts are complemented by an analysis of recent sociological data on Ukrainians' perception of the place of religion in the public sphere. In particular, figures on support for denominational bias, "national orientation", criteria of "trust to the Church" and the idea of a "state church" are outlined. They confirm the rejection of the position of state power by the majority of Ukrainian citizens in the time of President Poroshenko (2014-2019), who instrumentalized the sphere of religion to confront the neighboring state and actively involved religious factors into his election campaign.

The article explores the political foundations of cooperation between the Ukrainian state and foreign Ukrainians. The state of protection of their rights in their countries of residence is analyzed. The need for detailed legislative regulation of the mechanism of interaction with the Ukrainian diaspora is being considered, which will positively affect the political image of Ukraine. The author considers that preserving the centers of national identity of the Ukrainian diaspora abroad provides considerable opportunities for utilizing the potential of popular diplomacy to promote Ukraine's national interests in the international arena, strengthening international and regional cooperation. At present, an institutional mechanism has been established in Ukraine in the sphere of development of relations with foreign Ukrainians and their associations. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine is responsible for this area. The author considers that an important aspect in securing the rights and cooperation with the Ukrainian diaspora is the approval by the Government of the State program of cooperation with foreign Ukrainians. Currently, the State Program for Cooperation with Foreign Ukrainians by 2020, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of Ukraine, is relevant. The article analyzes the influence of foreign Ukrainians on political image. The author argues that Foreign Ukrainians play a significant role in establishing Ukraine in the international community. It is an important demographic, intellectual, socio - cultural and information resource of the country. At the present stage, Ukraine's national interests require state support for maintaining the Ukrainian identity of the diaspora, including ensuring that its rights and freedoms are properly maintained, promoting the preservation of the Ukrainian language and culture in the diaspora environment, assisting in the implementation of educational programs and projects within Ukrainian communities.

The article investigates the concept of franchising and its elements according to the national legislation of Great Britain, the USA and France as example. Determines the structure of the fran­chising agreement and its place among other similar agreements. Investigates the specific features of its protection and protection of intellectual property objects rights, as a component of a franchise contract.The author gives impressive statistical data indicating the effective work of fran­chisors and their positive impact on the economy of the states.The article proves the need to protect intellectual property rights: trade mark, know-how, trade secrets, which take place in a franchise contract.In the conclusions, the author notes that the franchising agreement consists of a package of contracts: a preliminary agreement on disclosure of information and a franchise agreement, which significantly distinguishes it from the contract of com­mercial concession, which exists in the legislation of Ukraine, know-how, trade se­crets, which take place in a franchise contract.In the conclusions, the author notes that the franchising agreement consists of a package of contracts: a preliminary agreement on disclosure of information and a franchise agreement, which significantly distinguishes it from the contract of com­mercial concession, which exists in the legislation of Ukraine. ; Исследовано понятие франчайзинга, его элементы на примере национального законодательства Вели­кобритании, США и Франции, определена структура договора франчайзинга и его место среди других подобных договоров. Рассмотрены особенности охраны и защиты прав на объекты интеллектуальной собственности как составляющей по договору франчайзинга. ; Досліджено поняття франчайзингу, його елементи на прикладі національного законодавства Великої Британії, США та Франції, визначено структуру договору франчайзингу та його місце серед інших подібних договорів. Розглянуто особливості охорони та захисту прав на об'єкти інтелектуальної власності як складової договору франчайзингу.

The author offers connection between traditional theology of the Church and public theology like a relationship between the Old and the New Testaments. That means that activation of the public role of religion should not negate its private role, that is, prayer as a person's intimate communication with God. Otherwise, it can turn religion into an ideology or into a so-called "civil religion". The author quotes Cyril Hovorun, who criticizes "imperial ideology" and exposes "politicized and aggressive church structures." The author also mentions the ideas of Wolfgang Huber, who emphasizes the importance of the "public order of the Church," but at the same time speaks on the danger of a "malleable adaptation of the Church" to the needs of "this world."Another prophetic voice on the place of the Church in the society is Metropolitan John Zizioulas, who highlights a number of trends in the identity of the Church. Considering the importance of ideological, missionary, moralistic and therapeutic functions, he emphasizes that "the Church is identified in the sacraments." The reflections of the three mentioned thinkers on the Russian, German and Greek contexts are complemented by an analysis of recent sociological data on Ukrainians' perception of the place of religion in the public sphere. In particular, figures on support for denominational bias, "national orientation", criteria of "trust to the Church" and the idea of a "state church" are outlined. They confirm the rejection of the position of state power by the majority of Ukrainian citizens in the time of President Poroshenko (2014-2019), who instrumentalized the sphere of religion to confront the neighboring state and actively involved religious factors into his election campaign.

This paper takes its point of departure in action learning- and research carried out with teacher educators from six universities within the project Democracy Education in Ukraine, Norway and Palestine. The teacher educators received training in accordance with the Dialogos approach to dialogical philosophizing, and tried out the approach with colleagues and/or with students in their own teaching practices. However, the main concern of the article is the discussion the potential of action learning and action research in teacher education when it comes to the development of phronesis or practical wisdom as an element in democracy education. Democracy Education the Dialogos Way is part of the project Democracy Education in Ukraine, Norway and Palestine. The author stresses that the results of the project can be studied from many perspectives. In accordance to the author's point of view, it is relevant to see the project as a new step in the bigger action research project work to justify and show the relevance of the Dialogos approach, regarding the enhancement of democratic ways of living together in a shared world. Important in this respect, is that edification towards wisdom and prudence cannot be taught directly. It requires active participation from the student, a will to wisdom and a willingness to put his or her horizon of understanding into play in the educational situation. It requires teacher educators who are willing to do the same. The teacher educators and the students are in the philosophical dialogues as well as in the action research together. The author describes how she let Socrates speak through the written dialogue of Plato's Republic. The author concluded that according to Socrates the faculty of sight already exists in the human being. It needs only to be re-awakened.Key words

В статье рассматривается анализ сложившейся системы особо охраняемых природных территорий Юргинского района Тюменской области. Указано, что все особо охраняемые природные территории представлены заказниками регионального значения. Проанализированы цель и задачи их создания, рассмотрены виды разрешенного природопользования. Раскрыты временные этапы создания в рамках становления и развития природоохранного законодательства в области. Прослежена приуроченность территории заказников к природным зонам и природным комплексам с привязкой к географической карте района. Приводятся сведения о наиболее распространенных растительных сообществах, видах растений, в том числе включенных в Красные книги, по отношению к общему флористическому составу района. Дана характеристика животного мира по группам животных и на уровне отрядов, перечислены животные, занесенные в Красные книги, а также те, которые подлежат дополнительной охране относительно каждой охраняемой территории. ; This article studies the existing system of specially protected natural territories of the Yurginsky District of the Tyumen Region. All of these territories are represented by the reserves of regional importance. The author analyzes the purpose and tasks of their creation and studies the types of the permitted use of nature. The results present the time stages of creation and development of environmental legislation in the region. The author shows the connection of the territory of the reserves to natural areas and complexes with reference to the geographical map of the area. In addition, this paper provides information on the most common plant communities and species, including those included in the Red Books in relation to the general floristic composition of the area. The author provides a characteristic of the animal world by animal groups and at the order level, listing the animals from the Red Books, as well as those subject to additional protection in a particular protected area.

Communication on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be based on unilateral communication, in which stakeholders are "passive listeners". However, more effective is a bilateral interaction that engages stakeholders in the communication process while developing and implementing a CSR strategy, enabling establishment of the dialogue. That is why the objective of the study is to reasonably expose the impact of the communication toolkit of implementing the CSR strategy on establishing dialogue with stakeholders. The author develops an algorithm for organizing a stakeholder communication process that takes into account communication barriers at each stage: creation, encoding, transmission, receiving, decoding and responding. The internally-oriented, externally-oriented and universal communication tools of CSR strategy implementation are characterized. The functions of the communication toolkit of CSR strategy implementation are systematized: informational, contact, educational, interpretative, emotional, holistic, mobilizing, strategic, preventive. The author compared CSR communication strategies (one-sided, two-way asymmetric and two-way symmetric) according to the following criteria: the achievement of communication ideal: transfer and joint creation of CSR meaning, stakeholder needs, the role of stakeholder, method of determining CSR priorities, strategic goals for establishing communications, third-party approval of the CSR strategy. Much attention is paid to specifying forms of indirect and direct communication, as well as to the analysis of their relevance to the main CSR communication strategies. It is established that the identification of stakeholders is an important part of CSR communication, which is why the author summarizes main forms and the result of interaction with them. It is justified that effective interaction with stakeholders holds a dialogue capable of identifying existing problems and jointly formulating ways to solve them.

APPROVED ; This dissertation provides extensive critical engagement with ideas of individualism in the work of Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864). This largely unexplored area presents a major lacuna in Hawthorne Studies, and this project redresses the absence by drawing together previously disparate strands of research and contextual material on one of the ?American Renaissance?s? most important literary figures. Individualism represents the stance or ideology that emphasises the fundamental moral worth of the individual. For Hawthorne, the individual was a reflexive entity, constantly informed by personal agency, historical and cultural influences, and a dynamic engagement with society. This analysis reconstitutes our understanding of Hawthorne?s texts by examining his characters and literary career, respectively, as clear evidence of the author?s exploration of American individualism. In looking at Hawthorne?s oeuvre from the perspective of his political, religious and artistic personae, this work presents the author as a product of his Jacksonian milieu, highlighting the importance of Democratic culture to a broader comprehension of this writer?s literature. Fundamentally, this dissertation grounds Hawthorne in his time, moving away from critiques of his work that rely too heavily on constructed ideas of familial guilt and an image of the author as a Puritan-obsessed, isolated figure. The Hawthorne presented by this analysis is indelibly connected to the trials and tribulations of his era, keenly aware of the machinations of politics and culture, and consistently reactive to the changing status of authorship throughout the Jacksonian and antebellum periods. This broad-ranging analysis includes much of Hawthorne?s fiction, non-fiction and correspondence in order to provide a rounded examination of the formative influence of individualism upon his work, and, indeed, in his development as an American citizen.

This paper takes its point of departure in action learning- and research carried out with teacher educators from six universities within the project Democracy Education in Ukraine, Norway and Palestine. The teacher educators received training in accordance with the Dialogos approach to dialogical philosophizing, and tried out the approach with colleagues and/or with students in their own teaching practices. However, the main concern of the article is the discussion the potential of action learning and action research in teacher education when it comes to the development of phronesis or practical wisdom as an element in democracy education. Democracy Education the Dialogos Way is part of the project Democracy Education in Ukraine, Norway and Palestine. The author stresses that the results of the project can be studied from many perspectives. In accordance to the author's point of view, it is relevant to see the project as a new step in the bigger action research project work to justify and show the relevance of the Dialogos approach, regarding the enhancement of democratic ways of living together in a shared world. Important in this respect, is that edification towards wisdom and prudence cannot be taught directly. It requires active participation from the student, a will to wisdom and a willingness to put his or her horizon of understanding into play in the educational situation. It requires teacher educators who are willing to do the same. The teacher educators and the students are in the philosophical dialogues as well as in the action research together. The author describes how she let Socrates speak through the written dialogue of Plato's Republic. The author concluded that according to Socrates the faculty of sight already exists in the human being. It needs only to be re-awakened.Key words

The article is devoted to the analysis of the views of Russian liberal leaders of the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries on Peter I and his transformation. The subject of the article is the historical and publicistic works of such authors as M. Pogodin, S. Soloviev, K. Kavelin, B. Chicherin, P. Vinogradov, S. Frank. Using textological analysis, the author aims to analyze the assessments made by representatives of the liberal Russian public of Peter I.'s transformational activities. According to the author, representatives of the Russian liberal discourse spoke about Russia as a part of Europe primarily in the geographical sense, and the common destiny of Russia and Western European countries is often determined by geography. Thinkers believed that European culture found its place in Russia, which before Peter I distinguished by its originality and firmness of the original principles. The author concludes that Russian liberals recognized Europeanization as an organic historical phenomenon caused by the whole progress of development of the country and expressing its needs. In general, the Europeanization of Russia under Peter I was given a positive assessment. Europeanization was considered as a factor in the integration of the Russian state into the European processes and a guarantee of its economic and political development. At the same time, the transformation of Russia in the European direction, as liberal intellectuals believed, was unfinished. Pointing to the incompleteness of the transformation, liberal thinkers put forward various reasons for the incompleteness of the transformation along the European path. The general assessment of the Europeanization of Russia was associated with the assessment of the personality and the activities of the King-converter himself, including in connection with his role in strengthening the state and the autocratic system in Russia.

Досліджено поняття франчайзингу, його елементи на прикладі національного законодавства Великої Британії, США та Франції, визначено структуру договору франчайзингу та його місце серед інших подібних договорів. Розглянуто особливості охорони та захисту прав на об'єкти інтелектуальної власності як складової договору франчайзингу. ; Исследовано понятие франчайзинга, его элементы на примере национального законодательства Вели­кобритании, США и Франции, определена структура договора франчайзинга и его место среди других подобных договоров. Рассмотрены особенности охраны и защиты прав на объекты интеллектуальной собственности как составляющей по договору франчайзинга. ; The article investigates the concept of franchising and its elements according to the national legislation of Great Britain, the USA and France as example. Determines the structure of the fran­chising agreement and its place among other similar agreements. Investigates the specific features of its protection and protection of intellectual property objects rights, as a component of a franchise contract.The author gives impressive statistical data indicating the effective work of fran­chisors and their positive impact on the economy of the states.The article proves the need to protect intellectual property rights: trade mark, know-how, trade secrets, which take place in a franchise contract.In the conclusions, the author notes that the franchising agreement consists of a package of contracts: a preliminary agreement on disclosure of information and a franchise agreement, which significantly distinguishes it from the contract of com­mercial concession, which exists in the legislation of Ukraine, know-how, trade se­crets, which take place in a franchise contract.In the conclusions, the author notes that the franchising agreement consists of a package of contracts: a preliminary agreement on disclosure of information and a franchise agreement, which significantly distinguishes it from the contract of com­mercial concession, which exists in the legislation of Ukraine.