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Science is widely regarded as the most reliable epistemic source of providing knowledge about the world. Policymakers intend to make purposeful changes in the world. The practice of policymakers relying on scientific experts to make informed decisions about which policies to implement is called Evidence Based Policymaking. This thesis provides a perspective from the philosophy of science in order to discuss the justifiability of Evidence Based Policymaking (EBP) with respect to broadly democratic and liberal values. Justifying EBP with broadly democratic and liberal values entails that the practices of EBP promote, or at least are in harmony with, values such as democratic governance and enhancement of people's freedom and autonomy. Identifying the conditions under which practices of EBP meet such desiderata minimally requires an understanding of how sciences and scientific experts are instrumental in realizing the public's values, needs, interests, and pursuit of freedom. In order to approach this project, the thesis adopts a philosophical perspective to conceptualize how sciences are supposed to be guided by or promote society's values, needs, and interests. Specifically, it adopts a perspective from the philosophy of science that focuses on the relationship between science and (societal) values. The kind of philosophy of science perspective on "values in science" that this thesis adopts has two overarching pursuits relevant for the project of the thesis. Firstly, it seeks to inform the debates about which values and non-epistemic considerations are supposed to inform scientific research. For instance, it discusses the proper sources/owners of the non-epistemic desiderata that inform scientific research and the proper social mechanisms to identify these non-epistemic desiderata (e.g. Kourany, 2010; Kitcher, 2011). Second, it offers theories of the non-epistemic values' proper roles in scientific reasoning and research that specify how their involvement in science does not unduly compromise the epistemic pursuits of science. The values-in-science perspective thereby seeks to balance the instrumental value of science (i.e., its use to pursue certain societal projects and values) with its epistemic authority (i.e., its objectivity, non-dogmatism, and reliability). The thesis advances an understanding of EBP from the perspective of the values in science by addressing issues that come to the fore when EBP is acknowledged as a value-laden practice of informed decision-making.

Este ensayo tiene por objeto presentar un panorama de los aspectos más relevantes de la Ley Reglamentaria del Derecho de Réplica en México, publicada en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el 4 de noviembre de 2015. Lo que se pretende es describir sucintamente los elementos más llamativos que conlleva la referida norma en una materia sobre la que, ciertamente, debió haberse legislado varios años atrás en beneficio de la esfera jurídica de las personas frente a los excesos cometidos por los medios masivos de comunicación en ejercicio de su labor informativa. ; This paper aims to present an overview of the most important aspects of the secondary law of the right of reply in Mexico, published in the Official Gazette on November 4th, 2015. What is intended is to describe briefl y the most striking elements, which carries the said rule on a matter on which, indeed, several years ago should have legislated in favor of the human rights of individuals against the excesses committed by the mass media in the exercise of their work.

Scharnhorst established the modern general staff. He was among the first anywhere to comprehend the transformation of war wrought by the citizen armies of the French Revolution. As early as 1793, then a captain in the Hanoverian army, Scharnhorst recommended combining organization and intellect into a collective or corporate genius called the General Staff with Troops. After Prussia's defeat in 1806, he was able to lay the foundations of the modern general staff. Using primary and secondary source material, this article analyses the tremendous contribution of Gerhard von Scharnhorst to modern military history.

Myanmar has, in recent years, strengthened its focus on human capital as a development pillar, and introduced legislation and adopted conventions on child labour. But child exploitation continues, including use of forced labour by the military and children performing hazardous work. Moreover, Myanmar faces a rapidly closing window of opportunity within which to train its workforce to meet the future challenges of declining population growth and an ageing society. To address the twin challenges of child exploitation and future labour market needs, we study a comprehensive stylized education reform package for child workers aged 10–14. We employ a newly developed dynamically recursive 2021–40 computable general equilibrium model for Myanmar to analyse the economic and household income distribution impacts of a combined child work elimination and education programme allowing current child workers to achieve the same distribution of educational attainment as wider society over a 15-year transition period. While child work elimination would be costly for disadvantaged rural households, the combined programme may leave them better off, though only after a long transition period. At the societal level, the opportunity costs of child work elimination outweigh the long-term economic benefits of education over our 20-year horizon. In spite of the lack of societal economic benefits, our proposed reforms do seem to be advantageous, dealing with the unethical and appalling continuation of child labour practices while improving income distribution in favour of disadvantaged rural households. This would allow Myanmar to move towards the goal of SDG8, 'Decent Work and (Inclusive) Economic Growth', while training current generations to support an ageing Myanmarese society.

Social Services Inspection Final Report for Craigavon & Banbridge - fieldwork inspection 14-25 Nov 2005

Abstract
Social work in Brazil advocates a radical and critical model of social work theorisation and practice. This article explores the Brazilian theoretical and practice model, identifying the profession as being in the vortex of Covid-19, increasing state economic austerity, attacks on previously hard-won progressive social policy and increasing inequality and precarity. This provides a challenging practice environment. The professional re-conceptualisation model proposes that social work needs to fully theorise social difficulties to ensure that the profession intervenes to address the causes of the problems, rather than manifestations underlying them. This is undertaken through aligning itself with working-class conflicts, promoting rights and refusing to accept the rolling back of support already won. The Brazilian framework, located within its social realities, offers an opportunity for social work globally to consider what lessons can be learnt, to recognise the uniqueness of its perspectives and provide solidarity through its recognition.

I The Liner Shipping Industry -- 1 Characteristics of demand and supply of liner shipping -- 2 Market organization: the conference system -- 3 The level and structure of freight rates -- 4 The art of charging what the traffic can bear -- II Liner Service Optimization -- 5 Ship size and shipping costs -- 6 Multi-port calling versus trans-shipment -- 7 Shippers' costs of sailings infrequency and transit time -- 8 Port costs and charges and the problem of shipping and port sub-optimizations -- 9 A cost minimization model of a liner trade -- III Economic Evaluation of the Conference System -- 10 The charging floor reconsidered -- 11 The freight rate structure is out of line with the marginal cost structure -- 12 Potential cartel profits become social costs -- 13 Conclusion: price competition in liner shipping should be encouraged -- References -- Author index.

Alphabetisches Verzeiehniss -- Wissenschaftliche Uebersicht -- I. Allgemeine und beschreibende Naturwissen-schaften -- II. Physik -- III. Chemie und Pharmacie -- IV. Mathematik und Astronomie -- V. Heilwissenschaft -- VI. Philosophie -- VII. Rechtswissenschaft (im Allgemeinen, Staatswissen-schaft, Volkswirthschaft , politische und sociale Flug-schriften u. s. w.). (Siehe auch V, 3) -- VIII. Theologie (Allgemeines. Exegetische, historische, syste-matische und praktische Theologie. Erbauungsschriften. Kirchliches. Streit- und Flugschriften. (Siehe auch IX, 1 und 2) -- IX. Erziehung und Unterricht -- X. Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft -- XI. Geschichte -- XII. Erdkunde -- XIII. Kriegswissenschaft (Militär-geschichtliche, -politische, Organisations - , Ausbildungs - und Erziehungsschriften). (Siehe auch XV, 2) -- XIV. Bau- und Ingenieurwissenschaft -- XV. Haus-, Land- und Forstwirthschaft -- XVI. Handel und Gewerbe. Landwirthschaftliche Ge-werbe und landwirthschaftliche Technologie. (Siehe auch III, 3) -- XVII. Schöne Literatur (Erzählungen, Gedichte, Theater-stücke, Humoristisches und Vermischtes. (Siehe auch IX, 3) -- XVIII. Kunst und Kunstgeschichte, Malerei, Musik und Musikliteratur -- XIX. Verschiedenes -- XX. Bildnisse; Bilder und Tafelwerke; Karten und Pläne - -- XXI. Periodische Literatur und Tagesblätter; fach-wissenschaftliche Zeitschriften und Jahres-berichte.