Suchergebnisse

The Grand Pensionary (Dutch: raadpensionaris) of Holland was often seen by his contemporaries as the leader of the Dutch Republic. This is not surprising. Holland was the most powerful region, and, in practice, the Grand Pensionary of Holland therefore determined politics not only in his own region, but often also in the States General. Historians have also questioned whether he was a servant (minister) or director (prime minister) of the States of Holland. To gain a better understanding of what the somewhat ambiguous office of Grand Pensionary entailed, Jaap de Haan compares the administration of three seventeenth-century office holders: Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Johan de Witt and Gaspar Fagel. He distinguishes an administrative, an executive, a political and a representative function. The first minister in Spain, England, France, Sweden and Brandenburg – the counterpart of the Grand Pensionary – also exercised these four functions. The Grand Pensionary of Holland can therefore be considered the prime minister of the Republic.

This open access book presents the final findings from the case studies developed within the Horizon 2020 SMOOTH project Educational Spaces. Passing through Enclosures and Reversing Inequalities through Educational Commons. The overall objective of the project was to understand, develop, and accelerate the potential impact of education on reversing inequalities for active social inclusion of children and young people at risk in Europe, through introducing the emergent paradigm of the "commons" as an alternative value and action system in the field of education (preschools, schools, and after-school programs). SMOOTH critically draws out the implications of the commons for refiguring education and for social change in general, on a footing of equality, sharing, participation, togetherness, caring, and freedom. Universities, research laboratories, municipalities, NGOs, museums, and youth organizations, in different European countries, have worked together to achieve the aboveaim involving almost 200 educators and teachers, and 800 children, and providing interesting insights and suggestions on how to implement educational commons in many different educational contexts. The target audience comprises policymakers and education leaders, students from Education and Communication degrees, researchers, and educators from both formal and non-formal educational contexts.

Bringing together studies from across the Nordic region, this book examines the challenges brought by the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular focus on vaccine hesitancy. Shedding light on the political tensions that emerged as a result of the pandemic and the debates that ensued both within and between the Nordic nations, it investigates the vociferous discussions surrounding the COVID-19 vaccines and their presumed negative side effects through the lens of trust; trust in and between the neighbouring countries, in healthcare systems, fellow citizens, and experts; in public authorities, politicians, researchers, journalists, and pharmaceutical companies. The first volume to explore vaccine hesitancy in the Scandinavian context, this ground-breaking volume offers fresh perspectives on vaccine scepticism not as a form of ignorance or lack of knowledge, but as a manifestation of a more fundamental lack of faith in modern government and science. As such, it will appeal to scholars of sociology, politics, anthropology, media studies, communication and cultural studies with interests in public health, popular and political discourse and questions of public trust.

The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

This open access book presents selected contributions on a wide range of scientific and technological areas originating from the BUiD Doctoral Research Conference (BDRC 2023). It discusses the following topics: project management, macroeconomic factors, Fourth Industrial Revolution, agility, multiculturalism, diversity, inclusion, leadership, language, discourse analysis, curriculum, critical thinking, programming, online learning, and natural ventilation. The contributions reflect the multifaceted nature of the research in three academic disciplines, i.e., humanities, formal science, and applied science. This publication shares with its readers genuine research studies and reflections from practitioners on the current practice and understanding in the three academic disciplines. The significant findings of these studies have considerable educational, industrial, and economic implications. This is an open access book.

Available open access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. This unique research paints a vivid picture of migrant workers' experiences following Brexit and COVID-19. Based on a longitudinal study, it explores their legal struggles, uncovers the hidden interactions between the law and communities around employment, housing, welfare and health issues and sheds much-needed light on the crucial role of NGOs working to support them.

This book provides a first-of-its-kind analysis of the emerging global hydrogen economy from the vantage point of one of the world's biggest energy providers: Saudi Arabia. In 2021, and within the context of the Circular Carbon Economy framework, Saudi Arabia announced its goal to reach net-zero carbon emissions by 2060 and produce a substantial amount of clean hydrogen annually by 2030. The Kingdom is optimally situated geographically between the major demand markets in Europe and North Asia, from where it can leverage clean hydrogen exports as a potential tool to become a player of strategic importance and successfully diversify its economy under its Vision 2030 program. More broadly, the book charts a course for fossil fuel-exporting countries such as Saudi Arabia to carve a competitive position for themselves over the forthcoming decades using clean hydrogen as a catalyst for the energy transition.

With contributions from global energy experts, the chapters in this book provide a multifaceted analysis of the "who," "what," "where," and "why" related to clean hydrogen development within and beyond Saudi Arabia. Collectively, the contributions analyze the countries and regions relevant to Saudi Arabia in terms of dedicated hydrogen policies, projects, and approaches that aim to incentivize production and demand in an increasingly carbon-constrained world. The book is a timely, unique and an indispensable resource for practitioners and students of energy, geopolitics, and climate policy working on hydrogen in academia, applied research, national government bodies, and international organizations.

Bodies and Boundaries of UK Bear Spaces is an exploration of the spaces of the UK's Bear community – and the people who are in them.

The book details a wealth of existing writing and scholarship on Bears – both historical and contemporary – and uses new empirical research to demonstrate and explain the complexity of 'Bear' in the present-day UK. Moving beyond a focus on masculine attitudes, it emphasises the importance of bodily appearance for Bear communities while also demonstrating the variety of bodies in Bear spaces, and the variety amongst Bear spaces themselves. Resisting universalist accounts, the book calls for greater engagement with the conceptual instability and geographic variation of 'Bear'. Written for both academic and non-academic readers, the book combines an engaging conversational style with excerpts from a rich qualitative dataset to help explain new ways of looking at Bears or 'Bear/y' men.

Bodies & Boundaries of UK Bear Spaces is of value to anyone interested in Bears and/or LGBTQ spaces – particularly in the UK context. It also offers much for scholars of men and masculinities, bodies and fatness, gender studies, and sexuality and queer studies.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 International license.

Racism has historically been a taboo topic in Mexico. This is largely due to the nationalist project of mestizaje which contends that because all Mexicans are racially mixed, race is not a salient political issue. In recent years, however, race and racism have become important topics of debate in the country's public sphere and academia. This book introduces readers to a sample of these diverse and sometimes conflicting views that also intersect with discussions of class. The activists and scholars included in the volume come from fields such as anthropology, linguistics, history, sociology, and political science. Through these diverse epistemological frameworks, the authors show how people in contemporary Mexico interpret the world in racial terms and denounce racism.

This open access book presents a catalogue of over one thousand indicators which can be used by cities' public administrators to monitor and evaluate social innovation action plans to support people-centred, collaborative or co-designed solutions to lower carbon emissions. Indicators are clustered according to a framework of social innovation solutions for climate neutrality at city level, developed by merging top-down academic knowledge with bottom-up pragmatic case studies. There is currently limited guidance on how to embed social innovations in their cities' action plans with the aim of reaching climate neutrality, and on how to assess the progress and impacts of such people-centred projects in cities. The book addresses this gap and is thus relevant for scholars in the field of policy-making and design, as well as cities' transition teams, policymakers and consultants. Based on the work developed within the EU-funded project NetZeroCities, intervention logics are provided for each of the ten categories of action, with related indicators clustered by category and evaluation criteria (effectiveness, efficiency, relevance, replicability, and scalability). Guidelines to implement the framework support city administrators in defining steps they need to follow to apply the indicators to their local case, making social innovation a crucial lever for accelerating systemic transformation.

Dieses open access Buch enthält als erste politikwissenschaftliche Publikation Daten zu ehrenamtlichen Bürgermeistern für alle 10 Bundesländer, in denen diese eine wichtige Position der politischen Repräsentation in ländlichen Räumen einnehmen. Etwa 60% aller Kommunen in Deutschland werden von ehrenamtlichen Bürgermeistern verwaltet, deren regionale Bedeutung sich je nach Bundesland aber stark unterscheidet. Das Buch leitet mit der Beschreibung des jeweiligen rechtlichen Rahmens der Kommunalverfassungen der Bundesländer, der regionalen Verteilung und der Analyse von Wahldaten in das Thema der ehrenamtlichen Bürgermeister ein, bevor die Ergebnisse eines breit angelegten repräsentativen Umfrageprojektes präsentiert werden. Mit diesen verschiedenen Forschungsansätzen leistet das Buch einen Beitrag zur Forschungsliteratur sowohl der lokalen Politikforschung zu Bürgermeistern als auch zum Ehrenamt in ländlichen Räumen. Erstmalig können in diesem Ausmaß Daten über die Sozialstruktur, Aufgaben, Motivation, Amtsausführung, Beziehung zu Partei oder Wählergemeinschaft, Vereinbarkeit von Beruf, Familie und Ehrenamt, Anfeindungen sowie potenziellem Nachwuchs im Ehrenamt als Bürgermeister präsentiert werden. Trotz unterschiedlicher rechtlicher Rahmensetzungen der Bundesländer zeigen sich ähnliche Probleme und Herausforderungen für deren Lösung.

Das vorliegende Open-Access-Buch analysiert finanzielle Transfers zwischen Erwachsenen und ihren Eltern, die zur Reproduktion von Ungleichheiten auf der Makroebene beitragen. Soziale Ungleichheiten in der Kindergeneration lassen sich zu einem grossen Teil auf soziale Ungleichheiten in der Elterngeneration zurückführen. Genauer geht die Autorin den Fragen nach, wer mehr bzw. weniger Geld-, Sachgeschenke oder Zahlungen leistet und erhält, welche Faktoren Unterschiede im Transferverhalten erklären und wie sich finanzielle Transfers zwischen Generationen auf Ungleichheitsstrukturen in der Kindergeneration auswirken. Die theoretische Perspektive kombiniert Ansätze aus der Ungleichheits- und Familiensoziologie mit Theorien zur Erklärung von solidarischem Handeln und kumulativen Prozessen. Ob und in welchem Umfang sich Erwachsene und ihre Eltern gegenseitig unterstützen können, hängt stark von ihren jeweiligen ökonomischen Ressourcen ab. Auf gesellschaftlicher Ebene bedeutet lebenslange familiale Solidarität daher häufig lebenslange Ungleichheit von Unterstützungsstrukturen. Finanzielle Transfers zwischen Familiengenerationen reduzieren damit zwar Ungleichheiten innerhalb von Familien, tragen insgesamt aber zu einer Verschärfung der Ungleichheiten zwischen Familien bei.

This book examines the economic and social impacts of switching diplomatic relations from Taiwan to China, and vice versa, and investigates how China achieves its foreign policy objective of dissuading Taiwan's diplomatic partners and other third parties from engaging with Taiwan.

Highlighting the critical regions of Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Oceania, where the diplomatic competition between Taiwan and China is fierce, the contributions to this book analyze China's promises of economic benefits, threats of economic coercion and the perils of its foreign aid to the countries in these regions in pursuit of its anti-Taiwan policy. In addition to the competition of formal diplomatic ties, it also examines how existing informal relations have influenced Taiwan's increasing interactions with Central and Eastern European countries. Finally, the book explores how Taiwan's advantage in technology sectors has successfully been translated into economic leverage for Taiwan's international diplomacy.

Built upon the interdisciplinary expertise and collaborative efforts of 14 international scholars, this book will be a valuable resource to scholars and students of Taiwan studies, China studies and international relations.

This open access book draws together key research from the UK Climate Resilience programme. It focuses on topics central to the programme's research agenda, including improved characterisation and quantification of climate risks, enhanced understanding of the management of climate risks, and the development and delivery of climate services. Key chapters address the challenges inherent to undertaking resilience research, including how to make the term 'climate resilience' usable and useful, co-producing research between academics, policy makers and practitioners, and engaging and communicating outside of academia. This book is unique in providing a concise and accessible overview of the programme's key lessons, placing the findings into a wider context and it will inform future research, policy and practice agendas.

This open access book takes the biographical case of German feminist Käthe Schirmacher (1865–1930), a multilingual translator, widely travelled writer of fiction and non-fiction, and a disputatious activist to examine the travel and translation of ideas between the women's movements that emerged in many countries in the late 19th and early 20th century. It discusses practices such as translating, interpreting, and excerpting from journals and books that spawned and supported transnational civic spaces and develops a theoretical framework to analyse these practices. It examines translations of literary, scholarly and political texts and their contexts. The book will be of interest to academics as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students in the fields of modern history, women's and gender history, cultural studies, transnational and transfer history, translation studies, history and theory of biography.

This open access handbook examines the phenomenon of South-South migration and its relationship to inequality in the Global South, where at least a third of all international migration takes place. Drawing on contributions from nearly 70 leading migration scholars, mainly from the Global South, the handbook challenges dominant conceptualisations of migration, offering new perspectives and insights that can inform theoretical and policy understandings and unlock migration's development potential. The handbook is divided into four parts, each highlighting often overlooked mobility patterns within and between regions of the Global South, as well as the inequalities faced by those who move. Key cross-cutting themes include gender, race, poverty and income inequality, migration decision making, intermediaries, remittances, technology, climate change, food security and migration governance. The handbook is an indispensable resource on South-South migration and inequality for academics, researchers, postgraduates and development practitioners.