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If economic elites are notorious for circumventing tax obligations, how can institutionally weak governments get the wealthy to shoulder a greater tax burden? This book studies the factors behind the adoption of elite taxes for public safety purposes. Contrary to prominent explanations in the literature on the fiscal strengthening of the state - including the role of resource dependence and inequality - the book advances a theory of elite taxation that focuses on public safety crises as windows of opportunity and highlights the importance of business-government linkages to overcome mistrust toward government from corruption and lack of accountability. Based on evidence from across Latin America and rich case studies from experiences in Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Mexico, the book provides scholars and policymakers with a blueprint for contemporary state-building efforts in the developing world.

This book is intended for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners interested in the dynamics and governance of low-carbon transitions. Drawing on the Multi-Level Perspective, it develops a whole system reconfiguration approach that explains how the incorporation of multiple innovations can cumulatively reconfigure existing systems. The book focuses on UK electricity, heat, and mobility systems, and it systematically analyses interactions between radical niche-innovations and existing (sub)systems across techno-economic, policy, and actor dimensions in the past three decades. Comparative analysis explains why the unfolding low-carbon transitions in these three systems vary in speed, scope, and depth. It evaluates to what degree these transitions qualify as Great Reconfigurations and assesses the future potential for, and barriers to, deeper low-carbon system transitions. Generalising across these systems, broader lessons are developed about the roles of incumbent firms, governance and politics, user engagement, wider public, and civil society organisations. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

This book seeks to advance the understanding of how businesses may adapt to climate change trends. Specifically, it focuses on two general research questions: Firstly, how do businesses adapt to chronic slow-onset nature adversity conditions linked to climate change? Secondly, how do firms adapt to weather-related natural disasters exacerbated by climate change? In the first part of the book, the authors develop a conceptual framework in response to these questions. In the second part, they test this framework using multiple empirical studies involving large data analyses of: (a) the U.S. western ski industry adaptation to warmer temperatures, and (b) the effect of natural disasters on the foreign investment of multinational corporations around the world. This book will interest management and public policy students and scholars researching successful business climate change adaptation strategies, as well as business and non-profit organization leaders and policy makers involved in developing and promoting such effective strategies.

Gesundheitsverhalten positiv beeinflussen Rauchen, Bewegungsmangel oder falsche Ernährung – ungesunde Lifestylefaktoren verursachen chronisch-degenerative Erkrankungen. Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung gewinnen daher zunehmend an Bedeutung. Viviane Scherenberg beleuchtet anschaulich und praxisorientiert die Hintergründe, Möglichkeiten und Anwendungsfelder des Präventionsmarketings – angefangen bei der zielgruppenspezifischen Konzeption bis hin zur Evaluation. Das Buch richtet sich sowohl an Studierende der Gesundheitswissenschaften und des Marketings als auch an Praktiker:innen aus dem Gesundheitswesen und der betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung.

Debates on the human-rights implications of new and emerging technologies have been hampered by the lack of a comprehensive theoretical framework for the complex issues involved. This volume provides that framework, bringing a multidisciplinary and international perspective to the evolution of human rights in the digital and biotechnological era. It delves into the latest frontiers of technological innovation in the life sciences and information technology sectors, such as neurotechnology, robotics, genetic engineering, and artificial intelligence. Leading experts from the technological, medical, and social sciences as well as law, philosophy, and business share their extensive knowledge about the transformation of the rights framework in response to technological innovation. In addition to providing a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, and international state-of-the art descriptive analysis, the volume also offers policy recommendations to protect and promote human rights in the context of emerging socio-technological trends.

The book studies emergence and consolidation of voluntary sustainability standards (VSS); private standards defining sustainability-related product features. The book takes stock of their success and their potential in mediating between economic and non-economic concerns of global production. Despite their private and voluntary nature, VSS generate profound consequences for the producers seeking certification, for the consumers purchasing certified products, and for others affected by their standards. VSS are used by public authorities in the EU as a functional complement to public measures regulating global value chains. At this juncture of market proliferation and public use of private regimes, this book studies how public authority can control, coordinate and review VSS. It studies how the regulation of VSS could unfold through substantive and procedural legal requirements in the domain of European Union law and World Trade Organisation law, as well as through the incentives offered by VSS employment in public measures.

This element shows, based on a review of the literature, how digital technology has affected liberal democracies with a focus on three key aspects of democratic politics: political communication, political participation, and policy-making. The impact of digital technology permeates the entire political process, affecting the flow of information among citizen and political actors, the connection between the mass public and political elites, and the development of policy responses to societal problems. This element discusses how digital technology has shaped these different domains, identifies areas of research consensus as well as unresolved questions, and argues that a key perspective involves issue definition, that is, how the nature of the problems raised by digital technology is subject to political contestation.

Macht, Konflikte, Vorurteile, Kooperation, Unterstützung, Xenophilie, Radikalisierung und Diversität – all dies sind spannende Phänomene in sozialen Gruppen. Solche Gruppenprozesse sind ein zentrales sozialpsychologisches Forschungs-, Lehr- und Prüfungsthema. Dieses Buch stellt die einschlägigen Theorien und Modelle sozialer Gruppenprozesse anschaulich vor und informiert über Forschungsmethoden und -ergebnisse des Verhaltens innerhalb und zwischen Gruppen. Die Autoren stellen dabei die zentralen Theorien und Modelle sozialer Gruppenprozesse vor und informieren über die wichtigsten Forschungsmethoden und -ergebnisse zum Verhalten innerhalb und zwischen Gruppen. Als Vertiefungslektüre eignet sich das Buch ideal zur Prüfungsvorbereitung im Bereich Sozialpsychologie.

Latin America was one of the earliest and most enthusiastic adopters of what has come to be known as the judicialization of politics - the use of law and legal institutions as tools of social contestation to curb the abuse of power in government, resolve policy disputes, and enforce and expand civil, political, and socio-economic rights. Almost forty years into this experiment, The Limits of Judicialization brings together a cross-disciplinary group of scholars to assess the role that law and courts play in Latin American politics. Featuring studies of hot-button topics including abortion, state violence, judicial corruption, and corruption prosecutions, this volume argues that the institutional and cultural changes that empowered courts, what the editors call the 'judicialization superstructure,' often fall short of the promise of greater accountability and rights protection. Illustrative and expansive, this volume offers a truly interdisciplinary analysis of the limits of judicialized politics.

Climate change is a matter of extreme urgency. Integrating science and economics, this book demonstrates the need for measures to put a strict lid on cumulative carbon emissions and shows how to implement them. Using the carbon budget framework, it reveals the shortcomings of current policies and the debates around them, such as the popular enthusiasm for individual solutions and the fruitless search for 'optimal' regulation by economists and other specialists. On the political front, it explains why business opposition to the policies we need goes well beyond the fossil fuel industry, requiring a more radical rebalancing of power. This wide-ranging study goes against the most prevalent approaches in mainstream economics, which argue that we can tackle climate change while causing minimal disruption to the global economy. The author argues that this view is not only impossible, but also dangerously complacent.

Niklas Luhmann ist einer der großen Gesellschaftsanalytiker des 20. Jahrhunderts. Er untersucht die Gesellschaft und ihre Teilbereiche als soziale Systeme, die allein aus Kommunikation bestehen. In den Sozial-, Kultur-, Wirtschafts- und Rechtswissenschaften genießt seine Theorie hohes Ansehen. Der Zugang allerdings fällt schwer: Luhmanns Werk ist komplex, die Sprache kompliziert. Dieses Buch bietet wertvolle Hilfe. Es schließt die Theorie auf leicht verständliche Weise auf. Dafür sorgen die klare Darstellung des Stoffes in überschaubaren Schritten sowie zahlreiche Beispiele, Schaubilder und Cartoons. Der Text ist bewusst einfach gehalten, aber auch Luhmann selbst kommt in vielen Zitaten zu Wort. Leser – auch Studienanfänger ohne Vorkenntnisse – finden so den Einstieg mit Leichtigkeit und Vergnügen. "Eine vorzügliche, vergnüglich zu lesende Einführung in Luhmanns Theorie." (literaturkritik.de)

Sri Lanka's apparel sector holds an enviable place in the imaginary of its competitors for having a niche position amongst global retailers, given its claims of producing 'garments without guilt'. Exploitative labour conditions are not part of the industry's portfolio - ethicality, eco-friendly production and unblemished conditions of work are. Sri Lanka's transition away from a protracted ethnic war has meant that the industry portrays itself as investing in the former war zone to create jobs without reflection on how its vaunted mantle, the deployment of ethical codes effectively, themselves may be under duress. This book uses an analytical framing informed by labour and feminist perspectives to explore how labour struggles in the post-1977 period in Sri Lanka provided important resistance to capitalist processes and continue to shape the industry both within and outside of the shop floor. It studies contextual moments in the country's recent history to rupture the dominant narrative and record the centrality of labour in the success of the country's apparel industry.

This comprehensive handbook provides community psychology approaches to addressing the key issues that impact individuals and their communities worldwide. Featuring international, interdisciplinary perspectives from leading experts, the handbook tackles critical contemporary challenges. These include climate change, immigration, educational access, healthcare, social media, wellness, community empowerment, discrimination, mental health, and many more. The chapters offer case study examples to present practical applications and to review relevant implications within diverse contexts. Throughout, the handbook considers how community psychology plays out around the world: What approaches are being used in different countries? How does political context influence the development and extension of community psychology? And what can nations learn from each other as they examine successful community psychology-based interventions? This is essential reading for researchers, students, practitioners, and policy makers involved with community well-being.

Bringing together a team of global experts, this is the first volume to focus on the ways in which meanings are ascribed to actions in social interaction. It builds on the research traditions of Conversation Analysis and Pragmatics, and highlights the role of interactional, social, linguistic, multimodal, and epistemic factors in the formation and ascription of action-meanings. It shows how inference and intention ascription are displayed and drawn upon by participants in social interaction. Each chapter reveals practices, processes, and uses of action ascription, based on the analysis of audio and video recordings from nine different languages. Action ascription is conceptualised in this volume as not merely a cognitive process, but a social action in its own right that is used for managing interactional concerns and guiding the subsequent course of social interaction. It will be essential reading for academic researchers and advanced students interested in the relationship between language, behaviour and social interaction.

Dieser Band bietet Studierenden eine differenzierte, verständliche und kompakte Einführung in die klassischen Themen und Teildisziplinen der Politikwissenschaft. Renommierte Autor*innen geben einen Überblick über zentrale Themen, Fragestellungen und Methoden der wichtigsten Teilgebiete des Faches. Dabei werden Veränderungen, Themenkonjunkturen, Kontinuitäten und Brüche herausgearbeitet.