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"Title first published in 2003. As more and more cities consider introducing urban road pricing schemes, this book describes, compares and contrasts arguments for and against using this transport policy instrument. It investigates the acceptability of various forms of road pricing schemes by examining and contextualising actual schemes and hypothetical scenarios. The resulting analysis provides a sociological theory of acceptability, carefully grounded in arguments about road pricing, which demonstrates how professional discourses diverge from publicly acceptable arguments. It also suggests ways in which consensus can be reached between the various road pricing options."--Provided by publisher.

1. Introduction -- 2. The Funding of Press and Online News in France: Developments and Challenges -- 3. French Media: can crowdfunding serve pluralism? -- 4. Crowdfunding: does it make a significant contribution to community and independent media in Quebec? -- 5. Audiences and readership of revolutionary leftist media: The "media leader" hypothesis -- 6. Occupation: "Net Cleaner". The socio-economic issues of comment moderation on French news websites -- 7. The Local Press as a Medium to Create Diversion -- 8. Media coverage of the coalbed methane (CBM) controversy in Lorraine, northeast France. How the regional daily press boosted the social acceptability of an unpopular project -- 9. The Transnationalisation of Information and Journalism: The Case of Arab Media -- 10. A conditional offer. The strategies employed in the field of power in Morocco to control the press space -- 11. The Algerian press: deregulation under pressure The new forms of control or the "invisible hand" of the state -- 12. Tunisian Post-2011 Private Presses: Economic and Political Mutations -- 13. Fortune and misfortune of the Egyptian private press. Sociohistorical study of a place of production of information.

European Mediaprovides a clear, concise account of the structures, dynamics and realities of the changing face of media in Europe. It offers a timely and illuminating appraisal of the issues surrounding the development of new media in Europe and explores debates about the role of the media in the formation of a European public sphere and a European identity. The book argues that Europe offers an ideal context for examining interactions between global, regional and national media processes and its individual chapters consider: the changing structure of the European media; the development of new media; the Europeanization of the media in the region; the challenges for the content; and audiences. Special emphasis is given to the transformation of political communication in Europe and the alleged emergence of a European public sphere and identity. European Media: Structures, Politics and Identityis an invaluable text for courses on media and international studies as well as courses dealing with European and national policy studies. It is also helpful to students, researchers and professionals in the media sector since it combines hard facts with theoretical insight.

Robert Goodin passionately and cogently defends the welfare state from current attacks by the New Right. But he contends that the welfare state finds false friends in those on the Old Left who would justify it as a hesitant first step toward some larger, ideally just form of society. Reasons for Welfare, in contrast, offers a defense of the minimal welfare state substantially independent of any such broader commitments, and at the same time better able to withstand challenges from the New Right's moralistic political economy. This defense of the existence of the welfare state is discussed, flanked by criticism of Old Left and New Right arguments that is both acute and devastating. In the author's view, the welfare state is best justified as a device for protecting needy--and hence vulnerable--members of society against the risk of exploitation by those possessing discretionary control over resources that they require. Its task is to protect the interests of those not in a position to protect themselves. Communitarian or egalitarian ideals may lead us to move beyond the welfare state as thus conceived and justified. Moving beyond it, however, does not invalidate the arguments for constantly maintaining at least the minimal protections necessary for vulnerable members of society

The state is that form of organization specific to human society even today, although several thousand years have passed since it was set up in the Ancient Orient. Over time the concept of state has evolved, perhaps even sometimes didn't evolve, on the contrary, it has certainly undergone complex adaptations generated by the challenges that have arisen over different historical periods, as well as by historical, political, social, economic, cultural phenomena, etc. Nowadays, globalization is a phenomenon or even a complex process generated by a multitude of causes, shared, more or less, by human society, but whose existence and effects can neither be ignored nor denied. In this briefly presented context, are witnessing the encounter of two different concepts, perhaps even antagonistic, concepts, namely the state, and globalization. These two concepts and more had to find a way to live together. We ask ourselves, however, whether this coexistence between the state and globalization is a temporary compromise or in time the nation-states will disappear leaving the place of another form of organization that responds better to globalization or, on the contrary, we will return to the classic nation-states, abandoning or diminishing the effects of globalization? We ask ourselves if nations, especially in the current international context, are ready to abandon the states they have created in favor of a multinational but unique international community. Using methods of scientific research, such as the comparative, historical, or teleological method, in this paper, we aim to identify possible answers to the previous questions.

"Throughout history there have been struggles for territory and control of its resources, and occasionally these struggles have been based on ethnicity. Such struggles among ethnic groups manifest themselves in various ways. On one level, violent wars are being waged as populations attempt to achieve military supremacy and power. On another level, an 'inter-ethnic war of numbers' is taking place, the goal of which is to increase the economic and political power of an ethnic group relative to other groups, by increasing that specific group's population. Most ethnic groups in multinational states across the globe are engaged in this activity to some degree, manipulating population numbers in their struggle for power. In all cases the goals are similar. Only the form and intensity of the struggle differ."--Jacket

This paper analyzes a multiperiod delegation model with two principals and an agent. The purpose of the model is to explore the determinants of civil service structure, in particular, the use of political appointees (short lived agents) vs. civil servants (long lived agents). We see this process as a bargaining problem between two principals, Congress, a long lived principal, and the President, a short lived one. Our model is consistent with three aspects of the U.S. Civil Service: its evolution during this century, the high proportion of political appointees in the higher civil service with respect to its counterparts in occidental democracies with parliamentary systems, and the different scope of civil service coverage in local governments in the United States. We argue that these differences in the organization of civil services across countries and over time can be understood as the result of a game among multiple principals for the control of the bureaucracy, with the main determinants being the extent by which the legislative and executive bodies are aligned in their interests, who is politically more powerful, whether they have different political horizons, and to what extent political parties control their representatives at both the executive and legislative bodies. We model this interaction by letting the principals have different horizons. One principal lives through the entire game and faces a series of short lived principals. The emphasis of the model is on the choice of the agent, who can be either short or long lived. We analyze the optimal agent type from the perspective of each of the principals. Since a longer horizon agent can be better controlled by the long lived principal, the latter will prefer a long lived agent. The short lived principals, on the other hand, may prefer short or long lived agents. We show that if the two types of principals have opposed preferences in relation to the outcome of the agent's action, then the short lived principals will prefer a short lived agent. Otherwise, the short lived principal alive in the first period will also prefer long lived agents. ; Facultad de Ciencias Económicas

Qin, Shuang. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. ; Abstracts also in Chinese.

Institutional Development: The Dynamics of Power and (De)legitimation -- Institutional Reproduction: Path Dependence and the Dynamic Stability of Politics--Institutional Decay: The Logic of Self-Undermining Processes--Institutional Change: The Incremental Logic of Political Development -- Institutional Engineering: The Purposive Design of Political Institutions.

The topic of biopolitics is a timely one, and it has become increasingly important for scholars to reconsider how life is objectified, mobilized, and otherwise bound up in politics. This cutting-edge volume discusses the philosophical, social, and political notions of biopolitics, as well as the ways in which biopower affects all aspects of our lives, including the relationships between the human and nonhuman, the concept of political subjectivity, and the connection between art, science, philosophy, and politics. In addition to tracing the evolving philosophical discourse around biopolitics, this collection researches and explores certain modes of resistance against biopolitical control. Written by leading experts in the field, the book's chapters investigate resistance across a wide range of areas: politics and biophilosophy, technology and vitalism, creativity and bioethics, and performance. Resisting Biopolitics is an important intervention in contemporary biopolitical theory, looking towards the future of this interdisciplinary field. --