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"Scientific discoveries often build on - and are inspired by - previous discoveries. If the scientific enterprise were a tower of blocks, each piece representing a scientific finding, scientific progress might entail making the tower bigger and better block by block, discovery by discovery. Rather than strong wooden blocks, imagine the blocks, or scientific findings, can take on shape based on scientific accuracy. The most accurate pieces are the strongest and sturdiest, while the least accurate are soft and pliable. Building a tower of the scientific enterprise with a large number of inaccurate blocks will cause the tower to start to wobble, lean over, and potentially collapse, as more and more blocks are placed upon weak and faulty pieces"--

The question of the future of European social sciences is taken up by examining two examples of 'futures past' that represent significant moments of two different 'histories' of the social sciences. The first one is that of Max Weber in the years about 1910 when he engaged himself in
the foundation of the German Sociological Association and in other initiatives. The second example is that of the efforts of Fernand Braudel, during the 1950s and 1960s, to reorganize social sciences and humanities in the frame of new institutions as the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences
sociales and the Foundation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme. Both initiatives, the German and the French, combined an intellectual with an institutional project, the first being a story of failure, the second a story of success.
The actual situation is then examined under the viewpoint of
the tensions between Eurocentrism and de-Europeanisation on the one side, monolingualism and pluri-lingualism on the other. Going back directly (and not via second hand lectures) to important intellectual projects as those of Weber and Braudel (or others) could be helpful for the design of
the future of European social sciences.

Criminology and the Criminal Justice System is a book for everyone interested in the historical development of the ideas on crime and punishment and their impact on the criminal justice system and the fight against crime more widely. It is as much a book for students, researchers and policy makers, as it is for lawyers, magistrates, police officers, public prosecutors and social workers. It is also a book for a wider readership curious about the origins of the current approach to issues of crime and criminal justice. Never before has an introduction to criminology systematically dealt with its history from the sixteenth century up to the present day, as well as the institutions of the criminal justice system: the police, the judiciary, the prison system, rehabilitation and youth protection. This is the first published study not only to discuss the development of criminology and the criminal justice systems of Western Europe (Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, France, Great Britain and Italy) but also to delve into the interplay with the evolution of the system in the United States from the end of the eighteenth century up to this day. In addition, the extensive bibliography and numerous illustrations make this textbook ideal for further study and more in-depth research as well as a pleasure to read