Suchergebnisse

Background Public trust is central to the collection of genomic and health data and the sustainability of genomic research. To merit trust, those involved in collecting and sharing data need to demonstrate they are trustworthy. However, it is unclear what measures are most likely to demonstrate this. Methods We analyse the 'Your DNA, Your Say' online survey of public perspectives on genomic data sharing including responses from 36,268 individuals across 22 low-, middle- and high-income countries, gathered in 15 languages. We examine how participants perceived the relative value of measures to demonstrate the trustworthiness of those using donated DNA and/or medical information. We examine between-country variation and present a consolidated ranking of measures. Results Providing transparent information about who will benefit from data access was the most important measure to increase trust, endorsed by more than 50% of participants across 20 of 22 countries. It was followed by the option to withdraw data and transparency about who is using data and why. Variation was found for the importance of measures, notably information about sanctions for misuse of data—endorsed by 5% in India but almost 60% in Japan. A clustering analysis suggests alignment between some countries in the assessment of specific measures, such as the UK and Canada, Spain and Mexico and Portugal and Brazil. China and Russia are less closely aligned with other countries in terms of the value of the measures presented. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of transparency about data use and about the goals and potential benefits associated with data sharing, including to whom such benefits accrue. They show that members of the public value knowing what benefits accrue from the use of data. The study highlights the importance of locally sensitive measures to increase trust as genomic data sharing continues globally.

The aim of this article is to analyze the dynamics of the Linus satellite of the asteroid (22) Kalliope. New
results have been obtained, and now they are being published. New observations of the satellite were made at
the Caucasus Mountain Observatory of the SAI from October 2021 to March 2022. The obtained astrometric
results are presented in the article. Based on the updated set of observations, the parameters of the satellite's
orbit were re-determined. An increase in the accuracy of ephemeris with the addition of new observations is
shown. A new attempt was made to determine the precession of the satellite's orbit caused by the compression
of a rapidly rotating asteroid. The goal was to determine the dynamic compression of the central body. The
entire observation interval is divided into groups. From the observations of each group the position of the axis of
the satellite's orbit was found. Changing the position of the axis gives the desired precession. Studies on several
examples show that the position of the axis from such groups of observations is determined very unreliably. The
reason lies in the strong correlation between the determined parameters with limited observational accuracy.
Ways of studying precession are outlined by joint determination of dynamic parameters on the basis of all
available observations.

Apesar de suas diferenças, Bairro do Recife (Recife, Brasil) e Poblenou (Barcelona, Espanha) receberam, em 2000, as operações urbanas associadas aos parques empresariais Porto Digital e 22@Barcelona que resultaram em um tipo de gentrificação semelhante pela entrada de empresas. Com duas décadas de implantação, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar comparativamente suas respectivas transformações a partir das novas dinâmicas do espaço público. Trata-se de uma pesquisa sobre movimentação de pessoas, apropriação do espaço público, fachadas ativas e passivas e uso de estacionamento. Embora haja pontos positivos em ambos casos, observa-se maior predominância de uso do solo, deslocamentos pendulares e baixa apropriação do espaço público, sobretudo fora do horário comercial. Conclui-se que tais propostas direcionam suas cidades para modelos menos compactos e mais segregados em consonância com seu interesse de gentrificação.

lecture I. 1. Discovery. 2. Application -- lecture II. 3. Accumulation. 4. Distribution. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Polyzentrale Stadtregionen sind in vielfältiger Weise ein aktuelles Forschungsfeld der Raumwissenschaften. Oft verstanden als Alternative oder Gegenentwurf zur monozentrischen Metropole, meint der Begriff zunächst nicht mehr und nicht weniger als städtische Verflechtungen auf regionaler Maßstabsebene. Aus wissenschaftlich-analytischer Perspektive werden solche Verflechtungen aufgedeckt, es werden Regionen abgegrenzt, Metropolfunktionen zugeordnet und nationale und internationale Rankings aufgestellt. Aus planerisch-konzeptioneller Perspektive wird über geeignete Steuerungsformen sowie institutionelle und finanzielle Ausstattung diskutiert. Gründe, weshalb die Region – verstanden als räumliche Ebene unterhalb des Landes und oberhalb der kommunalen Ebene – an Bedeutung gewinnt, gibt es viele. Immer wieder werden jedoch zwei Entwicklungen genannt, die ein verstärktes Handeln auf regionaler Ebene notwendig werden lassen, weil die Probleme auf kommunaler Ebene nicht (mehr) gelöst werden können: die Folgen des demographischen Wandels und des Klimawandels. Aktuelle Diskussionen zu Schrumpfung und Daseinsvorsorge, zu Klimaschutz und Klimaanpassung, zu Energieversorgung und Energiesicherheit und zum Standortwettbewerb um Einwohner, Unternehmen und "kluge Köpfe" lassen sich unter den beiden zentralen Herausforderungen der Raumplanung zusammenfassen. Lösungsstrategien zur Bewältigung der Probleme werden mehr und mehr auf regionaler Ebene entwickelt, wodurch der Region als planerischem Handlungsraum eine immer stärkere Bedeutung zukommt. Die Tagung des Jungen Forums vom 22. bis 24. Juni 2011 in Dortmund widmete sich der Region als polyzentralem Handlungsraum. In vier Arbeitsgruppen wurden Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der regionalen Problemlösungskompetenz aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven beleuchtet, um schließlich übergreifende Schlussfolgerungen für planerisches Handeln auf regionaler Ebene zu ziehen. Über 50 Mitglieder des Jungen Forums haben die dreitägige Veranstaltung in Dortmund besucht. Die Ergebnisse der Tagung sind in diesem Arbeitsbericht der ARL zusammengefasst.

Oil and gas are nonrenewable energy resources that are strategically under the powers of the state, the Republic of Indonesia. The oil and gas management should optimally be implemented for the purpose of providing people's prosperity and welfare. The legal issues studied are the regulating profit sharing contract on oil and gas management in Indonesia. The type of the research is a legal research that is used to solve the appearing legal problems, and to prescribe what should be. The research uses primary and secondary legal materials. The result shows that according to Act No. 22 of 2001, the oil and gas management has changed from the centralized and monopolistic management into the decentralized one, so that it becomes better. Article 6 regulates upstream activities in the oil and gas business activities which are applied and controlled through profit sharing contract. The profit sharing contract shall contain at least the following terms and conditions, such as: (a) the ownership of natural resources shall remains on the hands of the government up to delivering them; management controlling operations shall be under the authority of the implementing agency; (b) entire capitals and risks shall be borne by enterprises and permanent enterprises; (c) the change of the statute shall separate upstream and downstream industry of oil and gas; (d) the mining authority shall return to the government not to Pertamina or enterprise; and (e) the enterprise that wants to invest in oil and gas sector shall sign profit sharing contract with the Implementing Agency for Oil and Gas (SKK Migas). Production sharing for oil and gas management in Indonesia is obtained from the production after being deducted with operating costs; the production is shared to the state and the contractor i.e. generally 85% of net oil production to the state and 15% to the contractor, and 65% of net gas production to the state and 35% to the contractor.

Volltext // 2016 digitalisiert von: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, München. Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- 4 Th.u. 198 k-21/22

This investigation examines a teachers' local (local 22 of the National Union of Education Workers of Mexico (SNTE)) in the Mexican state of Oaxaca and the effects of repression on the oligarchization of local 22. Using sociologist Robert Michels' theory of oligarchization known as the "iron law of oligarchy"—which claims that any democratic organization that becomes large enough to bureaucratize will inevitably become an oligarchy—as a framework, this investigation makes the argument that external influences, specifically government repression, can force an organization to become oligarchic, thus occupying an important, yet unexplored space within the "iron law" theory. Michels' theory focuses on an organizations' internal issues such as bureaucratization, centralization of power, and technical specialization of job positions as the factors that push an organization to become oligarchic without accounting for external issues faced by organizations that can also influence a shift to oligarchy. Through historical research, interviews of local 22 members, and observations carried out in Oaxaca City this investigation argues that intense government repression and violence against local 22 beginning in 2006 and continuing for the next ten years significantly affected local 22's shift toward oligarchy, more so than the bureaucratization and centralization that took place within the local.