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This descriptive study assesses the access to care provided by five model and diverse safety net programs that enroll uninsured adults in a coordinated system offering primary care, hospital care, prescription drugs, and most specialist services. Physician use by safety net program members was similar to insured groups. However, there was less use of hospitals in the two programs that relied on uncompensated charity care. Considering access measures commonly used in population-based surveys, the uninsured in these five communities fared no better than uninsured elsewhere. However, respondents may consider enrollment in a well-structured safety net program to be equivalent to insurance. If so, population surveys may be least accurate in identifying uninsured people in the very communities that have the best safety net programs. On balance the five safety net systems profiled here meet the needs of low-income uninsured residents at a level that is roughly similar to that for people with insurance.

Although widely discussed for several years, training needs analysis (TNA) has seldom been applied to examine public services in Taiwan. The Taiwan Coast Guard (TCG) was established on January 28, 2000 to provide a combined military and police force with a unique human resource portfolio. After years of ad hoc training decisions, the TCG attempted to adopt a more systematic approach to TNA, the organization-task-person (O-T-P) model. In November, 2006, 2567 TCG service personnel were surveyed regarding their perceived training needs required to achieve the following four dimensions of major organizational core competencies: frequency, importance, familiarity and urgency. Analysis results revealed highly significant differences in training needs between military and police in the TCG. The methodology adopted by TCG for TNA has proven effective. Further, the four indicators applied in this revealed an interesting paradigm which may encourage the use of similar approaches in other organizations.

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to present a case-study on the Lusoponte Concession providing an analysis of the evolution of risk allocation and Net Present Value of Government Transfers. Since the 90's, Portugal has been experiencing an increase in the number of PPP contracts. Road concessions compose a large percentage of this number and the Lusoponte Concession among them, has been a source of concern by the government. Successive Financial Rebalance Agreements, calculation of direct compensations, use of the Base Case, Imbalance in negotiating positions and evolution of the risk allocation are some of the reasons for a further analysis of this concession. Methodology: This paper is structured in two major categories: 1. description of the concession contract and the Finance Rebalance Agreements and 2. analysis of the NPV of Government Transfers and Evolution of Risk Allocation. Findings: This paper concludes that due to the first alterations to the initial contract (increase in toll fares and non-payment of toll fares in August) there is a strong imbalance in the current risk allocation in the Lusoponte Concession and that the government is currently the largest contributor to the financing of the project through the Direct and Indirect compensations it granted to Lusoponte. Limitations: The conclusions of this paper are based on Reports by Tribunal de Contas that lack data and explanations that would enrich the analysis of risk allocation and NPV of government transfers. The extinction of the GATTEL is also a lost source of information regarding the Lusoponte Concession. Originality/Value: This paper contains a further analysis of the risk allocation of the most recent FRA (FRA VI – 2008) and a detailed explanation of the Lusoponte Case, namely the Financial Rebalance Agreements. It also provides a comparison of the NPV of government transfers to the initial funding of the construction of Ponte Casco da Gama which provides original conclusions on the governments' role in this concession.

We analyze how a government allocates its resources between attacking to downgrade a terrorist's resources and defending against a terrorist attack. Analogously, the terrorist allocates its resources between attacking a government's asset and defending its own resources. A two-stage game is considered where the government moves first and the terrorist moves second. We show that (a) when the terrorist's resources are low, the government attacks the terrorist's resources sufficiently to deter the terrorist from attacking and does not defend; (b) when the terrorist's resources are high, both the government and terrorist defend and attack. We analyze T periods of the two-stage game between two myopic players. First we assume no linkages between periods. We show that after an attack the government may enjoy incoming resources, which deter the terrorist for some periods. Between periods the terrorist's resources may change because of arithmetically and geometrically changing incoming funds. We allow the government's and the terrorist's resources to be determined randomly in each time period. We also allow the government's resources in one period to depend on the terrorist's attacks in earlier time periods for three dynamics, where the terrorist's resources are drawn from a normal distribution or change arithmetically or geometrically.

Y a-t-il une mutation politique en Grande-Bretagne ? par Jean Blondel
Certains indices font penser que le régime politique britannique vit bien une période transitoire. La période 1964-1969 est marquée d'abord par la confusion des modèles politiques. Le modèle traditionnel du gouvernement "responsable" de deux partis est mis en question. Le gouvernement travailliste de M. Wilson, élu dans l'enthousiasme, représente un échec. Pourtant, il n'est pas tombé. La "contestation" de ce gouvernement de la part de l'opposition comme de l'aile gauche du Parti travailliste est faible et ne passe pas aux actes. Le mécontentement de la population tend à porter sur le système, comme si l'ensemble des partis, et non le Parti travailliste seul, étaient considérés comme responsables de la situation du pays. A l'insatisfaction vis-à-vis de M. Wilson ne répond un renforcement ni des conservateurs ni des libéraux. La polarisation par rapport aux deux grands partis, très nette en 1950-1951, diminue. Les clivages en matière politique ne suivent pas les lignes partisanes et divisent les supporters de chaque parti. La période 1964-1969 a été aussi marquée par un recul progressif du gouvernement dans un ensemble de secteurs au profit d'un nouveau schéma de décision : le gouvernement tend à pratiquer une politique de démocratie corporative ou de concertation, plutôt qu'un programme ou une ligne idéologique. Il est apparu ouvert aux pressions extérieures. Le modèle classique de gouvernement "responsable" de deux partis devra, soit prévaloir à nouveau, soit faire place à une forme de démocratie dans laquelle les élections cesseront d'avoir le rôle fondamental de régulateur.

Küreselleşmeyle beraber hız kazanan sermaye transferleri doğrudan ve dolaylı yatırımlar şeklinde ülkelere gelmektedir. Gelen bu yatırımlar ülke ekonomilerini canlandırarak üretim ve milli gelir artışı sağlamıştır. Ciddi büyüme oranlarıyla tüm dünya ülkelerinin ilgisini çeken BRICS ülkeleri yükselen piyasa ekonomilerinin başarılı bir aktörüdür. Özellikle 2050'de ABD ve Japonya ile beraber BRIC ülkelerinin G-6'yı oluşturacağı tahmini, bu ülkelerle ilgili çalışmaları da hızlandırmıştır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, BRICS-T ülkelerinde doğrudan ve dolaylı yatırımların ekonomik büyümeye etkisini incelemektir. 1999-2018 dönemine ait verilerde yatay kesit bağımlılığı tespit edildiğinden dolayı, 2.nesil panel birim kök testleriyle serilerin durağanlığı test edilmiştir. Farklı derecede durağan çıkan serilere ARDL modeli uygulanarak değişkenler arasındaki kısa ve uzun dönemli ilişki sınanmıştır. ARDL modeli sonuçlarına göre, kısa dönem katsayıları anlamsızdır. Uzun dönemde ise, doğrudan yatırımlardaki 1 birimlik artış ekonomik büyümeyi 1,164 birim; dolaylı yatırımlardaki 1 birimlik artış ise ekonomik büyümeyi 0,172 birim arttırmaktadır.

In this paper we analyze the vertical merger between the telecommunications company AT&T and the media conglomerate Time Warner as a result of the changes in the American TV industry, caused by digital convergence. From a theoretical-methodological perspective of political economy of communication, we examine the anti-competitive effects of the merger on the market and its possible consequences. This analytical input allows us to consider the new conditions in which video content is produced, distributed and consumed as a result of digitization. ; En este trabajo analizamos la integración vertical entre la empresa de telecomunicaciones AT&T y el conglomerado mediático Time Warner, como respuesta a las transformaciones de la industria audiovisual estadounidense, a partir de la convergencia tecnológica. Desde una perspectiva teórico-metodológica inscrita en la economía política de la comunicación, examinamos los efectos anticompetitivos de la fusión sobre el mercado y sus posibles consecuencias. Esta entrada analítica nos permite reflexionar sobre las nuevas condiciones en las que el contenido audiovisual se produce, distribuye y consume como consecuencia de la digitalización.

Introduction. The study investigates the role of the metaphors "human-animal", "animalhuman" based on the novel "Beloved" by T. Morrison. The relevance of the research lies in the lack of knowledge of the linguistic specifics of this landmark novel for modern American literature, in the absence of research to identify and analyze key metaphors reflecting the author's conceptualization of reality.Methodology and sources. The authors of this article, relying on semantic and cognitive approaches, consider metaphor as a combination of two planes: linguistic and mental. To describe the mechanism of metaphorical transfers, the article uses the proposed by J. Lakoff and M. Johnson, terms characterizing the interaction of two knowledge structures: the source sphere and the target sphere.Results and discussion. The study showed that the metaphor "man-animal" becomes one of the most productive in the novel. This metaphorical structure includes the following elements of the source sphere: animal names; animal properties; animal body parts; objects characterizing animal activities; actions carried out in relation to animals and animals themselves; people performing actions in relation to animals. The relevance of this metaphor and the variety of sources of transference is dictated by the theme of the novel, comprehending one of the most acute problems of American history – the theme of slavery. The disenfranchised position of a human slave, his "animal" dependence on the slave owner forms the conceptual basis of most metaphorical transfers within this lexical and semantic field. The metaphor "animal-human" is used less often and serves, first of all to enhance the contrast between the life of a human slave and an animal who sometimes feels more confident and freer. This metaphorical structure includes the following elements of the source sphere: forms of addressing a person, the names of the characters in the book, the title of a person, human actions, human properties, objects associated with a person.Conclusion. In the novel "Beloved" by T. Morrison, the metaphor is a significant element of the textual structure reflecting the author's linguistic picture of the world. Especially productive are the mutual likenesses of man and animal, figuratively interpreting the life and attitude of a human slave who is regularly subjected to physical and moral violence.

This paper has been presented at : 5th International Visual Informatics Conference (IVIC 2017) ; This paper presents a comparative study of two deep learning models used here for vehicle detection. Alex Net and Faster R-CNN are compared with the analysis of an urban video sequence. Several tests were carried to evaluate the quality of detections, failure rates and times employed to complete the detection task. The results allow to obtain important conclusions regarding the architectures and strategies used for implementing such network for the task of video detection, encouraging future research in this topic. ; S.A. Velastin is grateful to funding received from the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no. 600371, el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (COFUND2013-51509) and Banco Santander. The authors wish to thank Dr. Fei Yin for the code for metrics employed for evaluations. Finally, we gratefully acknowledge the support of NVIDIA Corporation with the donation of the GPUs used for this research. The data and code used for this work is available upon request from the authors.