Suchergebnisse

The European Union and Canada recently signed a Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA) which covers virtually all sectors and aspects of Canada-EU trade. For small open economies, like Portugal, trade is a key factor in productivity and competitiveness gains that foster economic performance and growth. Canada is among Portugal's top 10 importing countries, and wine is Portugal's main export good to Canada. The wine sector represents an important source of economic revenue for Portugal, contributing very significantly to the final value of agricultural production and exports. This dissertation studies the impact of CETA on Portugal-Canada wine trade, assessing its effects on the Portuguese wine sector. After a thorough examination of the Canadian wine sector, the Canadian consumer profile and market trends, an analysis was made to address the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to Portugal's positioning in the Canadian market in view of CETA's entry into force. ; A União Europeia e o Canadá assinaram recentemente um acordo de livre comércio, conhecido por "Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement" (CETA), que abrange praticamente todos os sectores e aspectos do comércio Canadá-UE. Para pequenas economias, como Portugal, o comércio é um factor-chave nos ganhos de produtividade e competitividade que fomentam o desempenho económico e crescimento. O Canadá está entre os 10 maiores mercados importadores de vinho português, sendo este o principal produto das exportações portuguesas para o Canadá. O sector do vinho representa uma importante fonte de receitas para Portugal, contribuindo significativamente para o valor final da produção agrícola e exportações nacionais. Esta dissertação estuda o impacto do CETA no comércio de vinho entre Portugal e o Canadá, avaliando os seus efeitos no sector vitivinícola português. Após uma análise ao sector do vinho no Canadá, o perfil do consumidor e as tendências de mercado, avaliaram-se os pontos fortes, fracos, oportunidades e ameaças relacionados com o posicionamento de Portugal no mercado canadiano face à entrada em vigor do CETA.

Nadja Braun Binder untersucht die Handlungsformen der Rechtsangleichung in der EU im Bereich der direkten Steuern. Zu diesem Zweck analysiert sie die primärrechtlich vorgesehenen Maßnahmen und eruiert die tatsächlich genutzten Instrumente. Dazu gehören neben den Richtlinien, den Formen der negativen Rechtsangleichung durch die Rechtsprechung des EuGH oder den Beihilfenaufsichtsverfahren auch die Maßnahmen des Soft Law. Die Autorin zeigt auf, dass die tatsächlich verwendeten Handlungsformen verschiedentlich miteinander gekoppelt sind und sich teilweise gegenseitig in ihrer Wirkung verstärken. Dies trifft in besonderer Weise für die Soft-Law-Maßnahmen und die Rechtsprechung des EuGH zu. Damit diese Korrelationen in den Blick genommen und in ihrer Tragweite erfasst werden können, ergänzt die Autorin die bislang häufig dualistisch ausgerichtete Einteilung in positive und negative Rechtsangleichung um Kategorien der legislativen, judiziellen und exekutiven Rechtsangleichung.

Community Development Agreements (CDAs) have the potential to facilitate the delivery of tangible benefits from large-scale investment projects, such as mines or forestry concessions, to affected persons and communities. To be effective, however, CDAs must be adapted to the local context, meaning that no single model agreement or process will be appropriate in every situation. Nonetheless, leading practices are emerging which can be required by governments, voluntarily adopted by companies, and demanded by communities. These practices are grounded in ensuring that all parties are sufficiently informed, capacitated, and prepared to engage in meaningful negotiations regarding how the investor's operations should benefit local stakeholders. This article reviews existing research on CDAs, as well as available agreements from the extractive sector in Australia, Canada, Laos, Papua New Guinea, Ghana and Greenland. It articulates seven broad leading practices and how different stakeholders could work to achieve more effective agreements.

Depuis 1974, la Belgique ne dispose plus d'une politique d'immigration proactive basée sur l'admission et le recrutement de travailleurs étrangers. Est-ce à dire que la Belgique n'a pas de politique d'immigration comme on l'entend parfois ? Pas si vite.

There has been plenty of criticism leveled at the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) – the trade pact signed earlier this month by the United States and 11 other nations. Over the past year, we have been warning, for example, of the threat the deal poses to sustainable development and the environment. Unfortunately, recent developments have done nothing to dispel these fears. Indeed, there is growing evidence that a mechanism in the deal represents a major grant of power to corporations, one greatly disproportionate to the rights of all other domestic actors including local governments, tribal governments, environmental organizations, citizens, and companies.

This paper sets out to explain the preferences of the seven northern euro area member states on the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) concerning the threshold set for direct European Central Bank (ECB) control over bank supervision. Building on the concept of the 'financial trilemma', it argues that different bank internationalisation patterns in the seven northern member states explain different preferences on the transfer of supervisory powers over less significant banks to the ECB. In particular, the reach of internationalisation into a national banking system – notably the extent to which even smaller banks were exposed to foreign banking operations – is shown to be the core factor explaining different national preferences on threshold. In the five countries with a large number of small and parochial alternative (cooperative and savings) banks, it is necessary to examine the system-specific structures of these banks to explain better the reach of internationalisation and national preferences on the threshold. Determined German opposition to ECB supervision of smaller alternative banks is juxtaposed with either less hostile or more positive support of at least four other countries despite the important presence of small alternative banks.

Ist die Erstellung und Verarbeitung von Daten in unserer Epoche zu einer Belastung geworden, gegen die wir angehen müssen? Bedarf es der Etablierung eines Mechanismus zur Sicherstellung des Verfalls personenbezogener Information? Benötigen wir ein "Recht auf Vergessenwerden" (RVw) im Sinne Viktor Mayer-Schönbergers, welches dem Menschen die Sicherung seiner Würde im Informationszeitalter garantiert?Dies wurde im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit analysiert und dargestellt. Dabei kommt der Autor zum Schluss, dass ein "Vergessenwerden" im breiten dogmatischen Sinne weder technisch umsetzbar noch angemessen, kontextbasiert aber durchaus sinnvoll sein kann. Auf diese Weise könnte die Last durch die Konsequenzen der Verarbeitung personenbezogener Daten reduziert werden. Das RVw wird zudem in einen breiteren Kontext rund um den Diskurs über die Bedeutung informationeller Selbstbestimmung im 21. Jahrhundert eingebettet und in einer interdisziplinären Auseinandersetzung erläutert

Zunächst gilt es, unmissverständlich zwischen Islam und Islamismus zu unterscheiden. (Europäische Sicherheit & Technik / SWP)