Suchergebnisse

The text clarifies the biography and works of Ferdinando Martini (1841-1929), researcher and bibliophile, owner of a big library, which was later given to the Biblioteca Forteguerriana in Pistoia. Martini was at his time, together with Bonghi, the politician most involved in the reassessment of library policies in Italy after the national unification. He was Deputate at the Italian Parliement between 1876 and 1919, General Secretary of the Ministry of Education and collaborator of the Minister, Michele Coppino, in the first Giolitti government (1892-1893). He attended the 1879 inquiry on the Alessandrina Library in Rome, which is here re-examined, and partecipated in the political debate on State libraries in Italy, especially on the two National libraries founded in Rome and Florence. Martini's contribute to the Regulation on governmental libraries in Italy (october 28th, 1885, no. 346) reveals also his commitment to promoting the knowledge of the national bibliographic heritage, especially through the project Indici e cataloghi for the description of the main Italian collections of manuscripts and books. ; Il testo illustra la figura e l'opera di Ferdinando Martini (1841- 1929), studioso e bibliofilo, proprietario di una vasta biblioteca privata giunta alla Biblioteca Forteguerriana di Pistoia, considerato l'uomo politico italiano più attento alla riorganizzazione del servizio bibliotecario nazionale dello Stato unitario, insieme a Bonghi. Deputato al Parlamento italiano tra il 1876 e il 1919, dal 1884 al 1886 segretario generale del Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione e collaboratore del ministro Coppino, Ministro della Pubblica Istruzione col primo governo Giolitti (1892-1893), Martini prese parte all'inchiesta del 1879 sulla Biblioteca universitaria Alessandrina, qui ricostruita, e soprattutto al dibattito politico italiano sulle biblioteche statali, dando impulso alle due biblioteche nazionali centrali di Roma e Firenze. L'autore delinea il ruolo di Martini nel varo del Regolamento organico per le biblioteche governative del 28 ottobre 1885, n. 346 e documenta le principali attività a favore delle biblioteche e del patrimonio bibliografico nazionale; tra queste l'avvio della collana Indici e cataloghi per la conoscenza dei principali fondi manoscritti e a stampa.

Free-living amoebae of Acanthamoeba spp. are causative agents of human infections such as granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) and Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). The exploration of innovative chemical entities from natural sources that induce intrinsic apoptotic pathway or a Programmed Cell Death (PCD) in Acanthamoeba protozoa is essential to develop new therapeutic strategies. In this work, the antiamoeboid activity of squamins C–F (1–4), four cyclooctapeptides isolated from Annona globiflora was tested in vitro against Acanthamoeba castellanii Neff, A. polyphaga, A. quina, and A. griffini, and a structure–activity relationship was also established. The most sensitive strain against all tested cyclooctapeptides was A. castellanii Neff being the R conformers of the S-oxo-methionine residue, squamins D (2) and F (4), the most active against the trophozoite stage. It is remarkable that all four peptides showed no cytotoxic effects against murine macrophages cell line J774A.1. The analysis of the mode of action of squamins C–F against A. castellanii indicate that these cyclopeptides induced the mechanisms of programmed cell death (PCD). All peptides trigger mitochondrial damages, significant inhibition of ATP production compared to the negative control, chromatin condensation and slight damages in membrane that affects its permeability despite it conserves integrity at the IC90 for 24 h. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed in all cases. ; This study was supported by This study was supported by the Government of the State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, Veracruz Council for Scientific Research and Technological Development [COVEICyDET, grant number 14 1953/2021],.; PI18/01380 (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER) and RICET (project no. RD16/0027/0001 of the programme of Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa, FIS), and Project PID2019-109476RB-C21 (BIOALGRI) (Spanish Ministry of Science, Madrid, Spain). ARDM was funded by Agustín de Betancourt Programme, Cabildo de Tenerife, Tenerife 2030, FDCAN, MEDI. RLRE was funded by a grant from Agencia Canaria de Investigación, Innovación y Sociedad de la Información (ACIISI) cofunded by Fondo Social Europeo (FSE) y FEDER, (TESIS2020010117). ; Peer reviewed

Many farmland bird populations are declining, and their negative trends are often associated with changes in land-use or farming practices, including the use of agrochemicals. The red-legged partridge (RLP) is a Mediterranean farmland game species of high socio-economic importance whose populations are thought to have declined sharply since the mid-20th century associated with farmland changes. However, no large-scale studies have tested whether abundance or trends of RLP are related to farmland composition or management. We used hierarchical distance sampling models to estimate RLP abundance in 2010 in central Spain (Castilla-La Mancha), a main European population stronghold of this species. We studied associations between RLP density and land-uses (including variation in management: irrigated crops or organic farming). We also assessed regional abundance variation over seven years (2010–2017) and its relationship with changes in land-use. Our results show that RLP abundance increased with the availability of natural vegetation and traditional rain-fed vineyards, but decreased with increasing proportions of tree crops and irrigated vineyards; the latter association was less pronounced in areas sensitive to nitrate contamination in water, where the amount of fertilizers applied in farmland and use of certain farming practices is more strictly regulated. These results support the idea that increases in intensive vineyards are detrimental to the RLP. We also report a strong population decline of RLP in the region, with a 51% abundance reduction in seven years. This decline was steeper in areas where more natural vegetation had been lost and where ecological tree crops had increased. Overall, our results indicate that changes in land-use (type of crop, or the destruction of natural vegetation in farmland) and farming practices (e.g. use of irrigation in certain crops, use of nitrates) have important impacts on this farmland bird, affecting both spatial distribution and population dynamics. ; This study was funded by the project AGROPERDIZ (SBPLY/17/180501/000245; Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha and "Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional"). Xabier Cabodevilla was supported by a PhD Grant, financed by the Basque Country Government (Grants no. PRE_2018_2_0273). ; Peer reviewed

Although human nucleoporin Tpr is frequently deregulated in cancer, its roles are poorly understood. Here we show that Tpr depletion generates transcription-dependent replication stress, DNA breaks, and genomic instability. DNA fiber assays and electron microscopy visualization of replication intermediates show that Tpr deficient cells exhibit slow and asymmetric replication forks under replication stress. Tpr deficiency evokes enhanced levels of DNA-RNA hybrids. Additionally, complementary proteomic strategies identify a network of Tpr-interacting proteins mediating RNA processing, such as MATR3 and SUGP2, and functional experiments confirm that their depletion trigger cellular phenotypes shared with Tpr deficiency. Mechanistic studies reveal the interplay of Tpr with GANP, a component of the TREX-2 complex. The Tpr-GANP interaction is supported by their shared protein level alterations in a cohort of ovarian carcinomas. Our results reveal links between nucleoporins, DNA transcription and replication, and the existence of a network physically connecting replication forks with transcription, splicing, and mRNA export machinery. ; The research was funded by the grants from the Fondazione AIRC per la Ricerca sul Cancro to M.F.; grants from Danish Cancer Society, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Danish National Research Foundation (project CARD), Swedish Research Council, Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (GACR 19-21325S), and Lundbeck Foundation to J.B.; and grants from the European Research Council (ERC2014 AdG669898 TARLOOP), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BFU2016-75058-P), and European Union Regional Funds (FEDER) to A.A. Author F.G-B. was a recipient of a predoctoral training fellowship of the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. Work of V.C. has been supported by Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, AIRC-IG Ref: 21824 and by AIRC-FIRC fellowship assigned to M.A.R.-O., Ref: 2531. M.K. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 707600, and from the Fondazione Umberto Veronesi (Milano, Italy), Post-doctoral Fellowships 2019 and 2020.

© 2021 by the authors. ; Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents many challenges in the clinic and there are many areas for improvement in diagnostics and patient management. The five-year survival rate is around 7.2% as the majority of patients present with advanced disease at diagnosis that is treatment resistant. Approximately 10–15% of PDAC cases have a hereditary basis or Familial Pancreatic Cancer (FPC). Here we demonstrate the use of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma as a prognostic biomarker in PDAC. The levels of cfDNA correlated with disease status, disease stage, and overall survival. Furthermore, we show for the first time via BEAMing that the majority of hereditary or familial PDAC cases (around 84%) are negative for a KRAS somatic mutation. In addition, KRAS mutation negative cases harbor somatic mutations in potentially druggable genes such as KIT, PDGFR, MET, BRAF, and PIK3CA that could be exploited in the clinic. Finally, familial or hereditary cases have a longer overall survival compared to sporadic cases (10.2 vs. 21.7 months, respectively). Currently, all patients are treated the same in the clinic with cytotoxic agents, although here we demonstrate that there are different subtypes of tumors at the genetic level that could pave the way to personalized treatment. ; This study was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Plan Estatal de I+D+i 2013– 2016): ISCIII (PI09/02221, PI12/01635, PI15/02101, and PI18/0135) and co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund "A way to achieve Europe" (ERDF), the Biomedical Research Network in Cancer: CIBERONC (CB16/12/00446), Red Temática de investigación cooperativa en cáncer: RTICC (RD12/0036/0073), La Asociación Española contra el Cáncer: AECC (Grupos Coordinados Estables 2016), Fundación Mutua Madrileña (FMM) / XVI Convocatoria de Ayudas a la Investigación en Salud 2019 and Asociación Cáncer de Páncreas (ACanPan); Asociación Española de Pancreatología (AESPANC) / IV Becas de Investigación Carmen Delgado/Miguel Pérez-Mateo 2019. The European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 857381, project VISION (Strategies to strengthen scientific excellence and innovation capacity for early diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers). ; Peer reviewed

Ziel der Arbeit ist es, Nietzsches Verwendung ästhetischer Kategorien zur Begriffsbestimmung der Individualität zu vertiefen. Die These situiert Nietzsches Denken innerhalb einer umfassenderen Interpretation der Moderne und des modernen ästhetischen Diskurses und zeigt, wie Nietzsche gerade durch die Radikalisierung bestimmter ästhetischer Kategorien (Genie, Bildung, Tragödie etc.) eine umfassende Kritik des modernen Subjektbegriffs durchführen konnte. Diese kritische Operation ist ihm nämlich möglich, weil der moderne ästhetische Diskurs das diskursive Mittel darstellt, welches die Moderne entwickelt hat, um einige ihrer zentralen Widersprüche zu theoretisieren und zu bearbeiten. Indem Nietzsche die Autonomie des ästhetischen Diskurses selbst kritisiert und gleichzeitig seine Logik auf den moralischen und politischen Bereich ausdehnt, entwickelt er somit nicht nur eine Kritik der wichtigsten ästhetischen Institutionen, sondern auch eine radikale Kritik der Moderne. ; The aim of this thesis is to investigate Nietzsche's use of aesthetic categories to conceptualise individuality. The investigation situates Nietzsche's thought within a broader interpretation of modernity and modern aesthetic discourse, showing how precisely through the radicalisation of certain aesthetic categories (Genius, Bildung, Tragedy etc.) Nietzsche could undertake a comprehensive critique of the modern concept of the subject. This critical operation is possible because modern aesthetic discourse represents the discursive device that modernity has developed to theorise and address some of its central contradictions. By critiquing the autonomy of aesthetic discourse and by extending at the same time its logic to the moral and political realms, Nietzsche thus develops not only a critique of the major aesthetic institutions, but also a radical critique of modernity. ; Lo scopo della tesi è di indagare l'uso delle categorie estetiche da parte di Nietzsche per concettualizzare l'individualità. L'indagine situa il pensiero di Nietzsche all'interno di un'interpretazione generale della modernità e del discorso estetico moderno, mostrando come proprio attraverso una radicalizzazione di alcune categorie estetiche (Genio, Bildung, Tragedia) Nietzsche abbia avviato una critica complessiva del concetto moderno di soggetto. Questa operazione è possibile perché il discorso estetico moderno rappresenta il dispositivo discorsivo che la modernità ha sviluppato per tematizzare e risolvere alcune delle proprie contraddizioni centrali. Criticando l'autonomia del discorso estetico ed estendone al contempo la logica al campo morale e politico, Nietzsche sviluppa così non solo una critica delle maggiori istituzioni estetiche, ma anche una critica radicale della modernità.

Nel seguente elaborato, dopo aver dato una definizione di quello che è il contratto di leasing, le sue caratteristiche ed i suoi vantaggi si analizza quello che è stato il passaggio dall'applicazione del principio contabile internazionale IAS 17 a quello tutt'ora in vigore, IFRS 16. Nell'analizzare tale evoluzione si affronta il procedimento storico che ha portato lo IASB all'emanazione del nuovo principio, oltre alla marcia di avvicinamento che si è protratta negli anni in cui (discorso su chi ha interagito per arrivare a questa forma ufficiale, sulle discussioni, problematiche ecc). Viene esposta inoltre un'analisi di quelle che sono state le pubblicazioni che hanno preceduto l'ingresso dell'IFRS 16 in cui, gli studiosi, descrivano quelli che sarebbero stati i principali effetti sulle aziende del passaggio dal vecchio IAS 17 al nuovo IFRS 16 in modo da cominciare a preparare le varie aziende nel passaggio per permettergli di mitigare gli effetti che tale cambiamento avrebbe apportato. Viene data una definizione dell'IFRS 16, l'ambito di applicazione e le eccezioni, oltre alla descrizione delle principali componenti e caratteristiche che compongono tale contratto tra cui durata, valutazione iniziale e valutazioni successive, tasso di attualizzazione utilizzato. Nel terzo capitolo vengono analizzati nel concreto gli effetti che tale cambiamento ha apportato sui vari indicatori di performance aziendali, sugli indicatori economico finanziari, sugli indici di redditività, di liquidità e di struttura finanziaria. Infine, l'elaborato, scende più nello specifico andando ad analizzare una realtà in cui gli effetti di tale passaggio sono molto significativi. Si analizza quella che è la struttura societaria della Brembo S.p.a., società leader del settore progettazione, sviluppo e produzione di sistemi frenanti e componentistica auto, moto e veicoli industriali per il mercato del primo equipaggiamento, i ricambi e il racing nelle sue varie componenti, viene specificato l'interesse dell'azienda nei confronti della sostenibilità e delle politiche ambientali, l'integrazione di quello che è il suo reparto produttivo "chilometro rosso" ma soprattutto vengono analizzati i miglioramenti e peggioramenti delle performance aziendali tramite i vari indicatori e se ne spiega la provenienza.

Il s'agit de la réponse que j'ai faite lors de l'intervention de David Runciman au séminaire de philosophie politique normative (EHESS). ; The problem you are dealing with is not so much a problem about artificial intelligence per se – what is it all about? How does an algorithm function? Are we going to be subjugated by the intelligent robots and calculators we devised? –, but a problem about the political dimension, if any, of the technics we have gathered under this fancy expression of "artificial Intelligence", or, if we want to make it shorter, AI. How should we consider those technics now present in our daily lives as far as our political associations are concerned? Do we have to fear a new kind of intelligence that would in the end reduce our human intelligence to very little? When the best check player of all times loses against a program, is it the end of the supremacy of human intelligence? To approach this problem properly you suggest that we make a philosophical move away from the current formulation of the question: we should stop focusing on the distinction between artificial intelligence and natural intelligence, and focus instead on the distinction between artificial intelligence and what you call "artificial agency", or AA. In this text, Luc Foisneau tries to analyze the distinction introduced by David Runciman in the draft paper he presented at the Normative political philosophy seminar (EHESS, 8th June 2021). ; Le problème auquel vous êtes confronté n'est pas tant un problème d'intelligence artificielle en soi – de quoi s'agit-il ? Comment fonctionne un algorithme ? Allons-nous être subjugués par les robots et les calculateurs intelligents que nous avons conçus ? – mais un problème sur la dimension politique, s'il y en a une, des techniques que nous avons rassemblées sous cette expression fantaisiste d'"intelligence artificielle", ou, si nous voulons faire plus court, d'IA. Comment devons-nous considérer ces techniques désormais présentes dans notre vie quotidienne en ce qui concerne nos ...

As sports were one of the main cultural elements during the 20th Century and football specifically was used as an instrument to strength national identity in South America, this paper aims at analyzing the propagandistic use of football made by the military governments from the 60s and 70s, in which this sport may have turned into soft power. We analyze the governments of Argentina, Brazil and Chile and their relationship with the national football teams at specific times when associations with it were attempted, paying attention to the experiences and the concept. We conclude that only for Brazil football provided benefits in both legitimacy and international influence. ; Dado que el deporte es uno de los elementos culturales más importantes del siglo XX y el fútbol, en particular, uno de los instrumentos que favorecen la identidad nacional de los países del Cono Sur, el presente trabajo propone analizar el uso propagandístico que los gobiernos militares de los 60 y 70 hicieron, en los que el fútbol se refleja en soft power para estos Estados. Analizamos los regímenes en Argentina, Brasil y Chile, y la relación de estos gobiernos con los equipos nacionales de fútbol en momentos cruciales de intento de asociación, a partir del estudio de las experiencias y el concepto. Concluimos que solo para Brasil el fútbol permitió ganancias en legitimidad y influencia internacional. ; Sendo o esporte um dos elementos culturais mais importantes do século XX, e o futebol em particular um dos instrumentos que favorecem a identidade nacional dos países do Cone Sul, o presente trabalho propõe analisar se o uso propagandístico que os governos militares das décadas de 60 e 70 faziam do futebol refletiu em ganhos de soft power para esses Estados. Analisamos os regimes da Argentina, Brasil e Chile e a relação desses governos com as seleções nacionais de futebol em momentos cruciais de tentativa de associação, analisando as experiências e o conceito. Concluímos que somente para o Brasil o futebol possibilitou ganhos de legitimidade e influência internacional.

Introduction, the execution of handicraft activities where prevention management is not considered and fewer ergonomic aids expose workers to severe working conditions for lifting loads of different weights all day can cause osteomyoarticular disorders and even work accidents. Objective. The effect of an ergonomic aid was investigated to reduce the weight of the loads lifted by the Incubandina company's chicken drawer dispenser by half and to attenuate the composite lifting index of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Methodology. First, it began by identifying: time of execution of the lifts, weight of the load, vertical position (V), horizontal position (H), height of the lift (D), angle of rotation (A), frequency of the lifts (F) and grip. Then the calculation of the individual index of each load and in the end the composite lifting index for multiple tasks was carried out, making the adjustments of the NIOSH factors using the NTP 477. This was done in initial conditions and then with the ergonomic help to see the percentage of improvement. Results. The lifting of four different loads was identified: 20 kg, 25 kg, 18 kg, 20 kg; of which the indices of individual lifts were calculated determining: 1.15; 1.51; 1.24 and 1.28 respectively and a composite lift index of 2.42. When locating a mirror post and sharing the loads, an individual lifting index of: 0.49 was found; 0.62; 0.46; and 0.52 respectively and a compound lifting index of 0.6 Decreasing the composite lifting index by 182%. Conclusion. With the use of a person who helps with the manual lifting of the loads, the compound lifting index can be lowered by 182%, guaranteeing the execution of the activity within the limits recommended by Ecuadorian legislation in DE 23 93 Art. 128 Lit. Four. ; Introducción, la ejecución de actividades artesanales donde no se considera gestión de la prevención y menos ayudas ergonómicas exponen a los trabajadores a condiciones severas de trabajo por el levantar cargas de diferentes pesos todo ...

The impact of fish escaping from fish farms may depend on the extent to which escapees adapt to the natural environment, resemble wild conspecifics, and become feral. Yet, little is known about the process of feralization in marine fish. We examined phenotypic changes in body shape, body condition, and scale growth profiles of sea bass escaping from fish farms in the Canary Islands and quantified the extent to which escapees had diverged from farmed conspecifics. Most feral sea bass had sizes that overlapped with those of farmed fish, indicating that they had escaped throughout the production cycle. However, 29% of escapees were larger than the maximum size at harvesting, indicating growth in the wild. Analysis of scale growth profiles showed that some escapees had grown in the wild as fast as cultured fish, albeit at more variable growth rates. Feral sea bass tended to converge towards a similar body shape, having more streamlined bodies, lower body condition, and lower hepatosomatic indices (HSI) than fish in cages. Although our study cannot discriminate between phenotypic plasticity and differential mortality of escapees, we interpret phenotypic convergence as the likely result of a period of initial starvation, phenotypic plasticity, and selection against maladapted phenotypes. Our results warn against the risks of rearing sea bass in open-net cages and suggest that sea bass escapees could pose a threat to shallow coastal assemblages, particularly in areas where the species is not naturally found. ; KT-G was funded by a doctoral fellowship from Canary Island Government co-financed by the European Union (FEDER), postdoctoral tenure program Juan de la Cierva Formación (FJCI-2014-20100) and Juan de la Cierva Incorporación (IJCI-2017-34174). Funded by Project GLORiA "GLObal change Resilience in Aquaculture," supported by the Biodiversity Foundation of the Spanish Ministry for the Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge, through the Pleamar Program and co-financed by the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF). It is also part of the LIFE IP INTEMARES project "Integrated, innovative and participatory management of the Natura 2000 Network in the Spanish marine environment."

At this time, the sempiternelle question of what is, or is not, essential has gone beyond the pleasure of an innocent (pseudo) philosophical debate. The order of priority is to contain this unprecedented health (and now economic) crisis. In order to do so, the exceptional legislation has been trying to distinguish, for more than a year now (and with some unsuccess), what is commonly described as essential from those that are not (and which we could do). This search is sometimes frustrated by things which appear, at first sight, to be ancillary (if not futile.). Going to the heart requires overcoming the antilogies of the law of the state of emergency ; International audience ; At this time, the sempiternelle question of what is, or is not, essential has gone beyond the pleasure of an innocent (pseudo) philosophical debate. The order of priority is to contain this unprecedented health (and now economic) crisis. In order to do so, the exceptional legislation has been trying to distinguish, for more than a year now (and with some unsuccess), what is commonly described as essential from those that are not (and which we could do). This search is sometimes frustrated by things which appear, at first sight, to be ancillary (if not futile.). Going to the heart requires overcoming the antilogies of the law of the state of emergency ; En cette drôle d'époque, la sempiternelle question de ce qui est, ou n'est pas, essentiel a dépassé le plaisir qu'un innocent débat (pseudo) philosophique procure. L'ordre des priorités est de rigueur pour contenir cette crise sanitaire (et désormais économique) sans précédent. Pour ce faire, la législation d'exception tente de distinguer, depuis plus d'un an maintenant (et avec un certain insuccès), les choses communément qualifiées d'essentielles de celles qui ne le sont pas (et dont nous pourrions nous passer). Cette quête se trouve parfois contrariée par des choses qui paraissent pourtant, à première vue, accessoires (pour ne pas dire futiles.). Aller à l'essentiel suppose de surmonter ...

During the past half century, the study of social contention has been characterized by a division between research on labor movements and studies on other social movements. This division also left its mark on the study of modes of action: while labor scholars mainly examined strikes, social movement scholars have increasingly come to focus on street protests. This article is a contribution to bridging the gap between the two research areas both on theoretical and empirical levels. On a theoretical level, I discuss the usefulness of combining economic and political models of contention from the two research areas. On an empirical level, I use official data provided by Spanish ministries to examine and relate the workers' use of strikes and street protests between 2000 and 2016 in Spain. Examining strikes and street protests jointly does not only provide a fuller picture, it also helps to discern contrasts and thus the specificities of each mode of action. En el último medio siglo, los estudios del conflicto social se han caracterizado por una separación entre investigaciones sobre movimientos laborales y estudios sobre otros movimientos sociales. Esta división también dejó su marca en el estudio de los modos de acción: mientras que las sociólogas y los sociólogos del trabajo examinaban principalmente las huelgas, las y los especialistas en movimientos sociales se han centrado cada vez más en las protestas callejeras. Este artículo es una contribución para cerrar la brecha entre las dos áreas de investigación tanto a nivel teórico como empírico. A nivel teórico, se discute la utilidad de combinar modelos económicos y políticos del conflicto social de las dos áreas de investigación. A nivel empírico, se utilizan datos oficiales proporcionados por ministerios españoles para examinar y relacionar el uso de huelgas y manifestaciones callejeras por parte de los trabajadores entre 2000 y 2016 en España. El examen combinado de las huelgas y las protestas callejeras no sólo proporciona una imagen más completa, sino que ...

Microfluidic-based membraneless redox flow batteries have been recently proposed and tested with the aim of removing one of the most expensive and problematic components of the system, the ion-exchange membrane. In this promising design, the electrolytes are allowed to flow parallel to each other along microchannels, where they remain separated thanks to the laminar flow conditions prevailing at sub-millimeter scales, which prevent the convective mixing of both streams. The lack of membrane enhances proton transfer and simplifies overall system design at the expense of larger crossover rates of vanadium ions. The aim of this work is to provide estimates for the crossover rates induced by the combined action of active species diffusion and homogeneous self-discharge reactions. As the rate of these reactions is still uncertain, two limiting cases are addressed: infinitely slow (frozen chemistry) and infinitely fast (chemical equilibrium) reactions. These two limits provide lower and upper bounds for the crossover rates in microfluidic vanadium redox flow batteries, which can be conveniently expressed in terms of analytical or semi-analytical expressions. In summary, the analysis presented herein provides design guidelines to evaluate the capacity fade resulting from the combined effect of vanadium cross-over and self-discharge reactions in these emerging systems. ; This work has been partially funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2019-106740RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), by Grant IND2019/AMB-17273 of the Comunidad de Madrid and by project MFreeB which have received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No. 726217). S. E. Ibáñez gratefully acknowledges Dr. Rebeca Marcilla for its insightful discussions. P.A. García-Salaberri also acknowledges the support of the project PEM4ENERGY-CM-UC3M funded by the call "Programa de apoyo a la realización de proyectos interdisciplinares de I+D para jóvenes investigadores de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid 2019-2020" under the frame of the "Convenio Plurianual Comunidad de Madrid-Universidad Carlos III de Madrid".

Conducted sixteen months after the previous one, in the middle of the so-called 'third wave' of the Covid-19, the 2021 CNCDH Online Barometer records very high levels of hostility towards Roma compared to other groups in France. However, these prejudices are less widespread than in previous years, illustrating the combined effect of anti-racism initiatives and less media and political stigmatisation of the Roma. In March 2021, the sample responding to the online questionnaire showed a greater degree of tolerance towards Roma, and the main stereotypes about them were somewhat less prevalent. Yet the emphasis on combating these prejudices appears to be less important and less urgent, even among those who are less hostile to Roma. This year's our research also confirms a cumulative dynamic, which is gradually leading slightly higher proportions of citizens towards a better knowledge of Roma and less adherence to the stereotypes that stigmatise them. Table of Contents1. A wide variety of groups and conditions 2. The stigma of communitarianism: are Roma a special group? 3. Long-term structuring and recent changes in prejudice against Roma 4. A summary measure of hostility towards Gypsy groups 5. The stability of explanatory factors for anti-Roma prejudice 6. The memory of genocide as a common and unifying issue 7. References ; Réalisé seize mois après le précédent, au milieu de ladite «troisième vague» de la Covid-19, le Baromètre CNCDH en ligne de 2021 enregistre des niveaux très élevés d'hostilité envers les Roms comparés aux autres groupes. Toutefois, ces préjugés sont moins répandus que les années précédentes, illustrant l'effet conjoint des initiatives de lutte contre le racisme et d'une moindre stigmatisation médiatique et politique de ces derniers. En mars 2021, l'échantillon ayant répondu au questionnaire en ligne montre un plus grand degré de tolérance à l'égard des Roms et les principaux stéréotypes les concernant sont un peu moins répandus. Et pourtant, l'accent mis sur la lutte contre ces préjugés semble ...