Suchergebnisse

This chapter considers the EU's socio-economic constitution under the lens of humaneness. It argues that the EU's unique socio-economic constitution demands equilibrium of socio-economic integration instead of widening the gap between economic integration at EU levels and social integration at national levels. While the EU lacks the legislative competences to achieve this equilibrium, the constitutional principle still prevails. Indeed, the EU competences reflect its own values as well as the socio-economic constitutions of its constituent Member States. These frequently do not allow for total state-governance of social spheres such as working life, education, care or other social services. Instead, societal actors are given scope to (co-)govern these spheres at national levels. Accordingly, the apparent tension between the EU's socio-economic values and principles and its limited competences in the social policy field can be resolved through a dynamic interpretation of the EU Treaties towards a "constitution of social governance". This interpretation reads the Treaties as authorising governance by societal actors. The chapter connects the idea of humanness to the ideals of social governance at EU level and proposes two options for practical application of the concept. These are rules for trans-national labour markets based on European collective labour agreements and a European higher education sector developed by agreements between universities.

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "In 1936, the Social Security Administration (SSA) established the Social Security number (SSN) to track workers' earnings for social security benefit purposes. Today, private and public sector entities frequently ask individuals for SSNs in order to conduct their businesses and sometimes to comply with federal laws. Although uses of SSNs can be beneficial to the public, SSNs are also a key piece of information in creating false identities either for financial misuse or for assuming an individual's identity. The retention of SSNs in the public and private sectors can create opportunities for identity theft. In addition, the aggregation of personal information, such as SSNs, in large corporate databases, as well as the public display of SSNs in various records accessed by the public, may provide criminals the opportunity to easily obtain this personal information. Given the heightened awareness of identity crimes, this testimony focuses on describing (1) how private sector entities obtain, use, and protect SSNs, and (2) public sector uses and protections of SSNs."

In Zeiten globaler Wertschöpfungsketten von Unternehmen und damit einhergehender sozial-ökologischer Problemstellungen wird die gesellschaftliche Verantwortungsübernahme von Unternehmen, d.h. ihre Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), öffentlich verstärkt diskutiert. Auch im Konsumzusammenhang erlangt die CSR-Performance von Herstellern und Händlern zunehmende Relevanz, da viele Konsumenten Kriterien der sozialen und ökologischen Verantwortungsübernahme von Unternehmen in ihre Kaufentscheidung einbeziehen möchten. Selbst für interessierte Konsumenten ist es jedoch nicht einfach, glaubwürdige Informationen über das CSR-Engagement zu finden. Da die CSR-Kommunikation durch Unternehmen systematische Grenzen hinsichtlich ihrer Glaubwürdigkeit und der Vergleichbarkeit aufweisen, erlangen Verbraucherorganisationen als unabhängige Dritte große Bedeutung. Die Autorin untersucht daher speziell die Rolle der verbraucherpolitischen Akteure für die konsumentenorientierte CSR-Kommunikation. Mittels einer Akteursbefragung analysiert sie die Ziele, Strategien und Probleme der Organisationen und arbeitet Unterschiede zwischen verschiedenen verbraucherpolitischen Akteurstypen heraus - etwa bei der Beteiligung an kooperativen Maßnahmen mit Unternehmen. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse des empirischen Teils werden schließlich Handlungsempfehlungen für die verbraucherpolitischen Akteure sowie für die Unternehmen abgeleitet. Die Arbeit gibt damit umfangreiche Einblicke in die derzeitige Praxis einer CSR-orientierten Verbraucherinformationspolitik und leistet einen wichtigen Forschungsbeitrag für verbraucherpolitische Entwicklungen in Richtung eines nachhaltigen Konsums.

"Since World War II, a growing number of jurisdictions have adopted progressive constitutions or entered international commitments that guarantee social and economic rights (SER) in addition to political and civil rights. Parallel developments have occurred at trans-national level with the adoption of treaties which commit signatory states t to respecting and guaranteeing fulfilment of SER for their peoples. This book is a product of the International Social and Economic Rights Project (iSERP), a global consortium of judges, lawyers, human rights advocates, and legal academics who critically examine the effectiveness of SER law in promoting real change in people's lives. The book addresses a range of practical, political, and legal questions under these headings, with acute sensitivity to the racial, cultural, and gender implications of SER and the path-breaking SER jurisprudence now emerging in the "Global South." The book brings together internationally renowned experts in the field of social and economic rights to discuss a range of rights from both a theoretical and a practical perspective. Contributors of the book consider specific issues in the litigation and adjudication of SER cases from the differing standpoints of activists, lawyers, and adjudicators in order to identify and address the specific challenges facing the SER community. This book will be of great use and interest to students and scholars of human rights law and civil liberties, public international law, and development studies"--

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17227/01234870.38folios141.156This paper offers an overview and reflections of the research done within the emphasis on "Social Construction of Space", of the master's program in Social Sciences at the National Pedagogical University in Bogota, Colombia. The goal is to examine two issues: the relationships that community establishes with the biophysical and social environment and also the cultural, economical and political impact on geographic places, such as the street, neighborhood, town, city, region and even the country. Main categories such as urban identity, public space, environmental cognition of urban milieu, responsible urban and environmental behaviors and space/subject relationships have been worked out. Finally, some studies have focused on the adoption and meaning of public spaces, territorialities and territories, as a result of human interactions. ; Este artículo presenta un balance y reflexiones del trabajo realizado en la línea de investigación "Construcción social del espacio" del programa de Maestría en Estudios Sociales en el Departamento de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional. El propósito es investigar sobre la interrelación que la comunidad establece con el entorno biofísico y social, además del impacto cultural, económico y político –entre otros– en espacios geográficos, tales como la calle, el barrio, la localidad, la ciudad, la región e incluso el país. Asimismo, se trabajan categorías centrales asociadas a la identidad urbana, al espacio público, a la cognición ambiental del entorno urbano, a los comportamientos urbano-ambientales responsables, a la relación espacio y sujeto, y finalmente a la apropiación y significación de espacios públicos, territorios y territorialidades, producto de las interacciones humanas.

This book focuses on Socotra Island, geographically based in Yemen, and aims to explore the island from the social sciences point of view. This book focuses on people indigenous to Socotra, Socotri cultures, heritage and also offers contributions from business, tourism, linguistic, communication, and anthropology. While a lot has been published in natural science about Socotra's endemic species, biodiversity, and nature in general, social scientific research of the island is very limited. This book addresses therefore addresses this gap and explores various topics of tourism, behaviours, cultures, and language. This book focuses on a clear social science approach of Socotra. The purpose of this book is to publish research about the people, behaviors, heritage, and potential tourism of Socotra. The Socotra Archipelago has long been a land of mystery. It is unknown as a tourism destination for many, however, is a popular destination for adventurers, photographers and travelers who like to travel to remote and undeveloped places. This book explains how Socotra has limited resources of electricity, which is provided by diesel generators, Internet is very slow and limited to certain points on the island. There are no shopping malls or five-star hotels. Roads, schools, and hospitals have been built only recently. This book shoes how these island people do not know the development as we do, which makes it principally interesting to research. Previous interviewers of Socotri people about tourism development in the island have faced many challenges such as language barriers, lack of understanding the meanings and interviewing content, lack of support for the anticipated research results. This book successfully undertakes this challenge as not only in understanding the language, but understanding phenomena like e.g. tourism. Whilst acknowledging the ways in which indigenous island people have never travelled or seen a developed city. Thus, words like 'developed', 'tourism destination' or 'washing machine' may be unfamiliar terms for them. Therefore, new and innovative research methods that are sensitive to Socotra people were implemented in the creation of this book

Resumen tomado de la revista ; En el presente artículo nos proponemos analizar el currículo expreso de la escuela primaria en la etapa franquista con objeto de determinar los cambios que experimenta el aprendizaje escolar del código social, tradicionalmente vehiculado en la disciplina de urbanidad, al hilo de las transformaciones sociales, políticas y educativas producidas en este dilatado ciclo histórico. Para ello nos serviremos básicamente de dos fuentes, las legislativas, fiel expresión de las metas educativas en cada etapa política del régimen, y los libros de texto, fiel reflejo de los programas que rigen la práctica real en las escuelas. Del análisis realizado se infiere que los cambios más importantes que experimenta la enseñanza y aprendizaje del código social en la escuela franquista apuntan hacia una acusada feminización de la enseñanza de la urbanidad que afirma su presencia, más o menos soterrada bajo otras denominaciones, en el ámbito del currículo específico de las niñas, a la progresiva disolución de esta disciplina en otros campos afines vinculados a los conceptos modernos de educación cívica y social y a su tratamiento curricular en el ámbito de la habituación. ; Madrid ; ESP

Resumen tomado de la revista ; En el presente artículo nos proponemos analizar el currículo expreso de la escuela primaria en la etapa franquista con objeto de determinar los cambios que experimenta el aprendizaje escolar del código social, tradicionalmente vehiculado en la disciplina de urbanidad, al hilo de las transformaciones sociales, políticas y educativas producidas en este dilatado ciclo histórico. Para ello nos serviremos básicamente de dos fuentes, las legislativas, fiel expresión de las metas educativas en cada etapa política del régimen, y los libros de texto, fiel reflejo de los programas que rigen la práctica real en las escuelas. Del análisis realizado se infiere que los cambios más importantes que experimenta la enseñanza y aprendizaje del código social en la escuela franquista apuntan hacia una acusada feminización de la enseñanza de la urbanidad que afirma su presencia, más o menos soterrada bajo otras denominaciones, en el ámbito del currículo específico de las niñas, a la progresiva disolución de esta disciplina en otros campos afines vinculados a los conceptos modernos de educación cívica y social y a su tratamiento curricular en el ámbito de la habituación. ; Madrid ; ESP

Design and dispersion of new socio-technological configurations are studied by many varying sorts of scientific disciplines, ranging from communication studies to technology studies. In this article, the configuration and appropriation of new socio-technical constituencies are studied and subsequently interpreted in terms of a rather novel concept: social learning. On top of what is known about appropriation and configuration processes, social learning adds another point of view, elaborated from a perspective known as the social shaping of technology. It takes Beck and Giddens' reflexive modernization as starting point, and uses this to elaborate social learning into two dominant modes: the mode of experimentation and the mode of control. The Digital City of Amsterdam is used as exemplar to demonstrate configuration and appropriation processes and how these can be interpreted as elements of the mode of experimentation.

Invisible Hands, Russian Experience, and Social Science: Approaches to Understanding Systemic Failure. By Stefan Hedlund. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011. 324p. $95.00, cloth, $35.99 paper.In recent decades the study of social phenomena has been characterized by the increasing specialization of academic subdisciplines. At the same time, social science has had great difficulty in accounting for instances of systemic failure that challenge the artificial typologies often promoted by specialized scholarship. Increasing theoretical sophistication thus arguably has come at the expense of grasping the particular and unique nature of historical events. In Invisible Hands, Russian Experience, and Social Science, Stefan Hedlund examines the postcommunist Russian encounter with capitalism and the global financial crisis as examples of unprecedented events that challenged social scientists' assumptions about the causes of human behavior and the functioning of social and political institutions. In this symposium a group of political scientists have been asked to critically assess the book's account and to comment more broadly on what systemic failure can tell us about social science theorizing.—Jeffrey C. Isaac, Editor